DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Isolation of Cucurbitacin E from Sprouted Pumpkin Seed and Analysis of Its Anti-cancer and Anti-inflammatory Activities

발아 호박씨로부터 Cucurbitacin E의 분리정제 및 항암, 항염증 활성

  • Sim, Hu-Sung (Dept. of Food Science & Technology, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Jang, Byeong-Chur (Dept. of Medical Genetic Engineering, School of Medicine, Keimyung University) ;
  • Park, Hye-Min (Dept. of Food Science & Technology, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Jeng, Byeong-Yong (Sangsaeng Food Company) ;
  • Oh, Man-Jin (Dept. of Food Science & Technology, Chungnam National University)
  • Published : 2008.07.31

Abstract

In order to improve the use of pumpkin seed, the present study was performed to isolate compositions of the bitter components which were not seen in pumpkin seed itself but newly biosynthesized during germination of the seed. The compositions isolated were then further purified by TLC and preparative HPLC in which a fraction with Rf 0.73 and RT 10.3 was obtained. Cucurbitacin E with molecular weight of 557 from the fraction was finally identified by subsequent structural analysis of LC-MS/MS. The production of cucurbitacin E peaked with 224.7 mg/kg at 4 days of germination at $20^{\circ}C$ with the water supply at ntervals of 48 hrs in the darkness, while that of cucurbitacin E reached 146.7 mg/kg in the brightness. In vitro-cell based assays demonstrated that the isolated and purified cucurbitacin E inhibited proliferation of A549 lung cancer cells and suppressed expression of the IL-$1{\beta}$- or PMA-induced cyclooxygenase-2, an inflammatory protein in A549 cells, suggesting its anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory activities.

호박 종실의 이용성을 증대시키기 위하여 호박 종실을 발아시켜 가면서 성장 중 고미성분의 성분분석을 행하고 고미물질을 순수 분리하여 정제하고 구조분석을 행하였다. 정제된 고미물질의 항염증 활성 및 폐암세포에 대한 암세포 성장 억제 활성을 측정한 결과는 다음과 같다. 호박 종실을 발아 시키면 종실에는 존재하지 않던 고미물질이 발아에 의하여 생성되므로 이 물질을 silica gel TLC, HPLC에 의하여 순수 분리한 결과 Rf 0.73, RT 10.3의 것을 모아 LC-MS/MS로 구조 분석을 행하여 분자량 557인 Cucurbitacin E(Cu E)로 확인되었다. 물 살포주기, 광, 온도를 달리하면서 발아시킨 호박씨의 고미성분인 Cu E 함량은 48시간 주기로 물을 살포하면서 $20^{\circ}C$, 암소에서 4일간 발아시켰을 때 224.7 mg/kg로서 최고치에 달하였다. 분리 정제한 Cu E는 in vitro에서 Cu E가 비교적 낮은 농도($1{\sim}100\;nM$)에서 1L-$1{\beta}$에 의한 염증성 COX-2 단백질 발현을 크게 감소시켰고, 비교적 높은 농도($1{\sim}5\;{\mu}M$)에서는 PMA에 의한 COX-2 단백질 발현 억제를 통한 항염증 활성을 보여주었다. 그리고 Cu E에 의한 A549 암세포의 증식 및 생존율에 미치는 영향을 확인한 결과 100 또는 1000 nM Cu E를 24 및 48시간 처리 시 약 $20{\sim}28%$$56{\sim}58%$의 A549 세포증식 억제 효과가 나타났고, 100 nM Cu E를 24시간 및 48시간 처리 시 약 60% 및 88%의 A549 세포생존율이 감소하였다.

Keywords

References

  1. Robinson RW, Munger HM, Whitaker TW, Bohn GW. 1976. Genes of the Cucurbitaceae. Hort Science 11: 554-568
  2. Rehm S. 1960. Die bitter stoffe der cucurbitaceen. Ergeb Biol 22: 106-136
  3. Enslin PR. 1954. Bitter principles of the cucurbitaceae-Observations on the chemistry of cucurbitacin A. J Sci Food Agric 5: 410-416 https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.2740050904
  4. Lavie D, Szinai S. 1958. The constituents of Ecballium elaterium L. J Am Chem Soc 80: 707-710 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01536a046
  5. Kimberly LKD, Mark DD, Michael CA, Edward AS. 1996. Cucurbitacin E induced disruption of the actin and vimentin cytoskeleton in prostate carcinoma cells. Biochem Pharmacol 52: 1553-1560 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-2952(96)00557-6
  6. Duncan MD, Duncan KL. 1997. Cucurbitacin E targets proliferating endothelia. J Surg Res 69: 55-60 https://doi.org/10.1006/jsre.1997.5028
  7. Terrence FH, Mark EH. 1985. The determination of bitter principles in Zuccjinis. J Sci Food Agric 36: 1107-1112 https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.2740361112
  8. Cardellina JH, Gustafson KR, Beutler JA, He-Kee C, Hallock YF, Fuller RW, Boyd MR. 1990. Human medicinal agents form plant. American Chemical Society, Washington DC, 218-227
  9. Miro M. 1995. Cucurbitacin and their pharmacological effect. Phyto Res 9: 159-168 https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.2650090302
  10. Dulcie AM. 1997. Cucurbitacin triterpenoids from the leaves of Momodica foetida. Phytochemistry 45: 391-395 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(96)00814-X
  11. Fathi TH. 1998. Production of cucurbitacin by cucurbit cell cultures. Plant Sci 13: 209-214
  12. Blaskovich MA, Sun J, Cantor A, Turkson J, Jove R, Sebti SM. 2003. A selective janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signaling pathway inhibitor with potent antitumor activity against human and murine cancer cells in mice. Cancer Res 63: 1270-1279
  13. Sun J, Blaskovich MA, Jove R, Livingston SK, Coppola D, Sebti SM. 2005. Cucurbitacin Q: a selective START 3 activation inhibitor with potent antitumor activity. Oncogene 24: 3236-3245 https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1208470
  14. Raloff J. 1999. The bitter end. Science News 156: 24-30 https://doi.org/10.2307/4011607
  15. Peters RR, Saleh TF, Lora M, Patry C, de Brum-Fernandes AJ, Farias MR, Ribeiro-do-Valle RM. 1999. Anti-inflammatory effects of the products from Wildbrandia ebracteata on carragennan-induced pleurisy in mice. Life Sci 64: 2429-2435 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0024-3205(99)00200-3
  16. Lee BJ, Jang HS, Lee GH, Oh MJ. 2003. Changes in chemical compositions of pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duch.) seed sprouts. Korean J Food Preservation 10: 527-533
  17. Tehila TS, Shlomo G, Sara D, Hugo EG, Margalit B. 2007. Growth inhibitory activity of cucurbitacin glucosides isolated form citrullus colocynthis on human breast cancer cells. Biochem Pharmacol 73: 56-67 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcp.2006.09.012
  18. Charmichael J, Degraff WG, Gazdar AF, Minna JD, Michell JB. 1987. Evaluation of tetrazolium based semiautomated colorimetric assay, assessment of chemosensitivity testing. Cancer Res 47: 963-972
  19. Jayaprakasam B, Seeram NP, Nair MG. 2003. Anticancer and antiflammatory activities of cucurbitacins from Cucurbita andrena. Cancer Lett 189: 11-16 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3835(02)00497-4
  20. Attard E, Cuschieri A, Brincat MP. 2005. Morphological effects induced by Cucurbitacin E on ovarian cancer cells in vitro. J Natural Remedies 5: 70-74

Cited by

  1. Development of fermented pumpkin porridge as a meal replacement vol.25, pp.5, 2018, https://doi.org/10.11002/kjfp.2018.25.5.501