Body Image and Body Satisfaction Among Korean College Women

  • Lee, Seung-Hee (Dept. of Clothing & Textiles, Sookmyung Women's University)
  • 투고 : 2008.05.03
  • 심사 : 2008.06.11
  • 발행 : 2008.06.30

초록

This study examined Korean college women's perceptions of their body image, ideal body, and body satisfaction. Five research questions assessed participants: 1) self-defined image, 2) ideal body image, 3) body dissatisfaction, 4) body satisfaction, and 5) perceptions of their friends' weight concerns. A convenience sample of 101 female college students participated in the study. Respondents' average age is 20.78, ranging from 18 to 36 years. Two approaches were used to define Korean college women's body image and body satisfaction: A scale of illustration showing nine females' body drawing, and a verbal scale for the satisfaction with body image. The findings revealed that Korean college women pursue "thinness." Although they were somewhat happy with their height, the development of their figure, and their overall good looks, they were significantly dissatisfied with their weight. These results indicate that Korean college women would benefit from positive body image education.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Blyth, D. A., Simmons, R. G., and Zakin, D. F. (1985) Satisfaction with body image for early adolescent females: The impact of pubertal timing within different school environmemts. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 14(3), 207-225 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02090319
  2. Brownell, K.D. (1991) Dieting and the search for the perfect body: Where physiology and culture collide. Behavior Therapy 22, 1-12 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0005-7894(05)80239-4
  3. Cash, T. and Horton, C. (1983) Aesthetic surgery: effects of rhinoplasty on the social perception of patients by others. Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, 72, 543-548 https://doi.org/10.1097/00006534-198310000-00025
  4. Cash, T. (1997) The body image workbook: An 8-step program for learning to like your looks. Oakland, CA: New Harbinger Publications
  5. Cohn, L. D., Adler, N. E., Irwin, C. E., Millstein, S. G., Kegeles, S. M., and Stone, G. (1987) Body-figure preferences in male and female adolescents. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 96, 276-279 https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.96.3.276
  6. Fallon, A. E. and Rozin, P. (1985) Short Reports; Sex differences in perceptions of desirable body shape. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 94(1), 102-105 https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.94.1.102
  7. Festinger, L. (1954) A theory of social comparison processes. Human Relations, 7, 117-140 https://doi.org/10.1177/001872675400700202
  8. Fisher, D. (1986) Development and structure of the body image (Vols 1 & 2). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Eribaum
  9. Han, M. (2000) A study on the effects of processings of thin promoting TV messages on college females' body satisfaction and dieting behaviors. Korean Association for Broadcasting & Telecommunication Studies, 14(3), 291-317
  10. Horn, M. J. and Gurel, L. M. (1981) The second skin, 3rd Edn. Boston MA: Houghton Mifflin Company
  11. Hutchinson, M. (1982) Transforming body image. Women Ther, 1, 59-67 https://doi.org/10.1300/J015V01N03_08
  12. Kim, M. and Lennon, S. J. (2006) Content analysis of diet advertisements: A cross-national comparison of Korean and U.S. women's magazines. Clothing & Textiles Research Journal, 24(4), 345-362 https://doi.org/10.1177/0887302X06293029
  13. Klerk, H. M. de., Spuy, E. V. D. , and Kruger, R. (2005) The role of social stereotypes in the female adolescent with Anorexia Nervosa: Experience of the self. 2006 Proceedings of the International Textile and Apparel Association [online]
  14. Lee, S-H., Rudd, N., and Kim, J. (2001) Body image I: A comparison of ideal beauty, body image, and appearance management behaviors among Korean and American women. Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles, 25(5), 969-980
  15. Lee, S., Ulrich, P. V., and Connell, L. J. (2006) Body image perceptions of adolescent daughters and their mothers in the U.S. Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles, 30(12), 1714-1722
  16. Lennon, S. and Rudd, N. (1994) Linkages between gender roles, body satisfaction, self-esteem and appearance management behaviors in women. Family and Consumer Sciences Research Journal, 23, 94-117 https://doi.org/10.1177/1077727X94232002
  17. Levine, M. P., Smolak, L., and Haydenm, H. (1994) The relation of sociocultural factors to eating attitudes and behaviors among middle school girls. Journal of Early Adolescence, 14(4), 471-490 https://doi.org/10.1177/0272431694014004004
  18. Lin, T. (1988) From moth eyebrows to pink bikinis. Free China Review, 38, 34-43
  19. Oberg, P. and Tornstam, L. (1999) Body images among men and women of different ages. Ageing and Society, 19, 629-644 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0144686X99007394
  20. Ogletree, S.M., Willams, W.W., Raffeld, P., Mason, B., and Fricke, K. (1990) Female attractiveness and eating disorders: Do children`s televison commercials play a role? Sex Roles, 22, 791-797 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00292061
  21. Patel, N. (1994) Body image satisfaction among Asian American college students: The role of racial identity, attitudes and gender. Unpublished Master's thesis (The Ohio State University)
  22. Reeves, S., Hitchon, J. B., Park, S-Y., and Yun, G. (2004) If looks could kill: Digital manipulation of fashion models, Journal of Mass Media Ethics, 19(1), 56-71 https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327728jmme1901_5
  23. Rosenbaum, M. (1979) The changing body image of the adolescent girl. In M. Sugar (Ed.), Female adolescent development. New York: Brunner/Mazel
  24. Rucker, C. E. and Cash, T. F. (1992) Body images, body size perceptions, and eating behaviors among African-American and White college women. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 12, 291-299 https://doi.org/10.1002/1098-108X(199211)12:3<291::AID-EAT2260120309>3.0.CO;2-A
  25. Rudd, N. A. and Carter, J. (2006) Building positive body image among college athletes: A socially responsible approach. Clothing & Textiles Research Journal, 24(4), 363-380 https://doi.org/10.1177/0887302X06293073
  26. Sault, N, (ed) (1994) Many mirrors: Body image and social relations. New Brunswick NJ: Rutgers University Press
  27. Schilder, P. (1935) The image and appearance of the human body. London: Kegan, Paul, Trench & Truber
  28. Schultz, J. B. (1989) AHEA's survey of American teens. Journal of Home Economics, 81(2), 27-38
  29. Shih, M. Y. and Kubo, C. (2005) Body shape preference and body satisfaction of Taiwanese and Japanese female college students. Psychiatry Research, 133, 263-271 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2004.10.008
  30. Solomon, M. (1992) Consumer behavior: Buying, having, and being. Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon
  31. Stephens, D. L., Hill, R. P., and Hanson, C. (1994) The beauty myth and female consumers: The controversial role of advertising. The Journal of Consumer Affairs, 28, 137-153 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6606.1994.tb00819.x
  32. Stice, E. (2001) A prospective test of the dual pathway model of bulimic pathology: Mediating effects of dieting and negative affect. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 54, 337-343
  33. Stormer, S. M. and Thompson, J. K. (1998) Explanations of body image disturbance: A test of maturational status, negative verbal commentary, social comparison, and socio-cultural hypotheses. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 19(2), 193-202
  34. Strauman, T. J. and Glenberg, A. M. (1994) Self-concept and body image disturbance: which self-beliefs predict body size overestimation?. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 1(2), 105-125
  35. Stunkard, A. J., Sorenson, T., and Schulsinger, F. (1983) Use of the Danish adoption register for the study of obesity and thinness. In S. Kety (Ed.), The Genetics of Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders (pp. 115-120). New York: Raven Press
  36. Thornton, B. and Maurice, J. (2004) Physique contrast effect: adverse impact of idealized body images for women. Sex Roles, 37(5-6), 433-439
  37. Williamson, D. A., Davis, C. J., Goreczny, A. J., and Blouin, D. C. (1989) Body image disturbances in Bulimia Nervosa: Influences of actual body size. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 98(1), 97-99 https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.98.1.97
  38. Wilson, D. B., Sargent, R., and Dias, J. (1994) Racial differences in selection of ideal body size by adolescent females. Obesity Research, 2(1), 38-43 https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1550-8528.1994.tb00042.x