Structural Engineering and Mechanics

  • 제30권3호
  • /
  • Pages.331-350
  • /
  • 2008
  • /
  • 1225-4568(pISSN)
  • /
  • 1598-6217(eISSN)
테크노프레스 (Techno-Press)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A framework for distributed analytical and hybrid simulations

  • Kwon, Oh-Sung (Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Elnashai, Amr S. (William J. & Elaine F. Hall Endowed Professor of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Director of the Mid-America Earthquake Center, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign) ;
  • Spencer, Billie F. (Nathan M. and Anne M. Newmark Endowed Chair, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign)
  • 투고 : 2007.09.18
  • 심사 : 2008.08.19
  • 발행 : 2008.10.20
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

A framework for multi-platform analytical and multi-component hybrid (testing-analysis) simulations is described in this paper and illustrated with several application examples. The framework allows the integration of various analytical platforms and geographically distributed experimental facilities into a comprehensive pseudo-dynamic hybrid simulation. The object-oriented architecture of the framework enables easy inclusion of new analysis platforms or experimental models, and the addition of a multitude of auxiliary components, such as data acquisition and camera control. Four application examples are given, namely; (i) multi-platform analysis of a bridge with soil and structural models, (ii) multiplatform, multi-resolution analysis of a high-rise building, (iii) three-site small scale frame hybrid simulation, and (iv) three-site large scale bridge hybrid simulation. These simulations serve as illustrative examples of collaborative research among geographically distributed researchers employing different analysis platforms and testing equipment. The versatility of the framework, ease of including additional modules and the wide application potential demonstrated in the paper provide a rich research environment for structural and geotechnical engineering.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Carrion, J. and Spencer, B.F. (2006), "Real-time hybrid testing using model-based delay compensation", Proceedings of 4th International Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Taipei, Taiwan, October 12-13
  2. Chen, C.-H., Lai, W.-C., Cordova, P., Deierlein, G.G. and Tsai, K.-C. (2003), "Pseudo-dynamic test of full-scale RCS frame: Part 1 - Design, construction and testing", Proceedings of International Workshop on Steel and Concrete Composite Constructions, Taipei, Taiwan, 107-118
  3. Chen, C. and Ricles, J.M. (2006), "Effective force testing method using virtual mass for real-time earthquake simulation", Proceedings of the 8th U.S. National Conference on Earthquake Engineering, San Francisco, CA, April, 2006
  4. Combescure, D. and Pegon, P. (1997), "$\alpha$-Operator Splitting time integration technique for pseudodynamic testing. Error propagation analysis", Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng., 16, 427-443 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0267-7261(97)00017-1
  5. Darby, A. P., Blakeborough, A. and Williams, M. S. (2001), "Improved control algorithm for real-time substructure testing", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 30(3), 431-448 https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.18
  6. Dermitzakis, S.N. and Mahin, S.A. (1985), "Development of substructuring techniques for on-line computer controlled seismic performance testing", Report UCB/EERC-85/04, Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley
  7. Dimig, J., Shield, C., French, C., Bailey, F. and Clark, A. (1999), "Effective force testing: A method of seismic simulation for structural testing", J. Struct. Eng., 125(9), 1028-1037 https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1999)125:9(1028)
  8. Elnashai, A.S., Papanikolaou, V. and Lee, D. (2002), "Zeus NL - A system for inelastic analysis of structures", Mid-America Earthquake Center, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Program Release Sept.
  9. Filip, C. Filippou and Margarita Constantinides (2004), "FEDEASLab getting started guide and simulation examples", Technical Report NEESgrid-2004-22
  10. Ghaboussi, J., Yun, G.J. and Hashash, Y.M.A. (2004), "A novel predictor-corrector algorithm for substructure pseudo dynamic testing", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 35, 453-476 https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.540
  11. Gehrig, D. (2004), Guide to the NEESgrid Reference Implementation, Technical Report NEESgrid-2004-04
  12. Hakuno, M., Shidawara, M. and Hara, T. (1969), "Dynamic destructive test of a cantilever beam, controlled by an analog-computer", Trans. Japan Soc. Civil Eng., 171, 1-9
  13. Hibbit, Karlsson and Sorensen (2001), ABAQUS Theory Manual. Version 6.2
  14. Horiuchi, T., Inoue, M., Konno, T. and Namita, Y. (1999), "Real-time hybrid experimental system with actuator delay compensation and its application to a piping system with energy absorber", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 28(10), 1121-1141 https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9845(199910)28:10<1121::AID-EQE858>3.0.CO;2-O
  15. Jeong, S.H. and Elnashai, A.S. (2005), "Analytical assessment of an irregular RC frame for full-scale 3D pseudo-dynamic testing. Part I: Analytical model verification", J. Earthq. Eng., 9(1), 95-128 https://doi.org/10.1142/S1363246905001906
  16. Kwon, O.S., Nakata, N., Elnashai, A.S. and Spencer, B. (2005), "A framework for multi-site distributed simulation and application to complex structural systems", J. Earthq. Eng., 9(5), 741-753 https://doi.org/10.1142/S1363246905002158
  17. Mahin, S.A. and Shing, P.B., (1985), "Pseudodynamic method for seismic testing", J. Struct. Eng. ASCE. 111(7), 1482-1503 https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1985)111:7(1482)
  18. McKenna, F. and Fenves, G.L. (2001), "The OpenSees command language manual, version 1.2", Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California at Berkeley
  19. Molina, F.J., Verzeletti, G., Magonette, G., Buchet, P. and Geradin, M. (1999), "Bi-directional pseudodynamic test of a full-size three-story building", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 28, 1541-1566 https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9845(199912)28:12<1541::AID-EQE880>3.0.CO;2-R
  20. Mosqueda, G. (2003), Continuous Hybrid Simulation with Geographically Distributed Substructures, Ph.D. Dissertation, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley
  21. Nakashima, M. and Kato, H. (1987), "Experimental error growth behavior and error growth controlin on-line computer test control method", Building Research Institute, BRI-Report No. 123, Ministry of Construction, Tsukuba, Japan, 1987
  22. Nakashima, M., Kato, H. and Takaoka, E. (1992), "Development of real-time pseudo dynamic testing", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 21(1), 79-92 https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.4290210106
  23. National Science Foundation (NSF), 2000. Network for earthquake engineering simulation (NEES): System Integration, Program Solicitation. Report NSC00-7, U.S.A.
  24. Negro, P., Pinto, A.V., Verzeletti, G. and Magonette, G.E. (1996), "PsD test on four-story R/C building designed according to eurocodes", J. Struct. Eng., 122(12), 1409-1471 https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1996)122:12(1409)
  25. Pan, P., Tada, M. and Nakashima, M. (2005), "Online hybrid test by internet linkage of distributed test-analysis domains", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 34, 1407-1425 https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.494
  26. Pearlman, L., D'Arcy, M., Johnson, E., Kesselman, C. and Plaszczak, P. (2004), "NEESgrid Teleoperation Control Protocol (NTCP)", Technical Report NEESgrid-2004-23, http://it.nees.org/
  27. Pinho, R. and Elnashai, A.S. (2000), "Dynamic collapse testing of a full-scale four story RC frame", ISET J. Earthq. Tech., 37(4), 143-163
  28. Schellenberg, A., Stojadinovic, B. and Mahin, S. (2006), The $\mu$-NEES Hybrid Simulation Setup. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California at Berkeley
  29. Shing, B. and Manivannan, T. (1990), "On the accuracy of an implicit algorithm for pseudodynamic tests", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 19, 631-651 https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.4290190502
  30. Shing, B., Vannan, M.T. and Cater, E. (1991), "Implicit time integration for pseudodynamic tests", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 20, 551-576 https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.4290200605
  31. Spencer Jr., B.F., Elnashai, A., Kuchma, D., Kim, S., Holub, C. and Nakata, N. (2006b), Multi-Site Soil- Structure-Foundation Interaction Test (MISST). University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
  32. Takahashi, Y. and Fenves, G.L. (2006), "Software framework for distributed experimental-computational simulation of structural systems", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 35, 267-291 https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.518
  33. Takanashi, K., Udagawa, K., Seki, M., Okada, T. and Tanaka, H. (1975), "Nonlinear earthquake response analysis of structures by a computer-actuator on-line system", Bull. of Earthquake Resistant Structure Research Centre, No.8, Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, Japan, 1975
  34. Takanashi , K. and Ohi, K. (1983), "Earthquake response analysis of steel structures by rapid computer-actuator on-line system, (1) a progress report, trial system and dynamic response of steel beams", Bull. Earthquake Resistant Struct. Research Center (ERS), Inst. of Industrial Sci., Univ. of Tokio, Tokio, Japan, 16, 103-109
  35. Tsai, K., Hsieh, S., Yang, Y., Wang, K., Wang, S., Yeh, C., Cheng, W., Hsu, C. and Huang, S. (2003), Network Platform for Structural Experiment and Analysis (I). NCREE-03-021, National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering, Taiwan
  36. Vecchio F.J. and Collins M.P. (1986), "The modified compression field theory for reinforced concrete elements subjected to shear", ACI Struct. J., 83(2). 219-231
  37. Vecchio, F.J. and Wong, P. (2003), VecTor2 and FormWorks Manual. http://www.civ.utoronto.ca/vector/
  38. Wang, T., Nakashima, M. and Pan, P. (2006), "On-line hybrid test combining with general-purpose finite element software", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 35, 1471-1488 https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.586
  39. Watanabe, E., Sugiura, K., Nagata, K., Yamaguchi, T. and Niwa, K. (1999), "Multi-phase interaction testing system by means of the internet", Proceedings of 1st International Conference on Advances in Structural Engineering and Mechanics, Seoul, Korea, 43-54
  40. Watanabe, E., Kitada, T., Kunitomo, S. and Nagata, K. (2001), "Parallel pseudodynamic seismic loading test on elevated bridge system through the Internet", The Eight East Asia-Pacific Conference on Structural Engineering and Construction, Singapore, December 2001
  41. Zhang, J. and Makris, N. (2002), "Seismic response analysis of highway overcrossings including soil structure interaction", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 31, 1967-1991 https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.197

피인용 문헌

  1. A Generalized Numerical/Experimental Distributed Simulation Framework 2018, https://doi.org/10.1080/13632469.2018.1423585
  2. Model updating method for substructure pseudo-dynamic hybrid simulation vol.42, pp.13, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.2307
  3. Framework for Online Model Updating in Earthquake Hybrid Simulations vol.20, pp.1, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1080/13632469.2015.1051637
  4. Hybrid simulation for system-level structural response vol.103, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2015.09.018
  5. Application of In-Test Model Updating to Earthquake Structural Assessment vol.20, pp.1, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1080/13632469.2015.1051638
  6. Substructure hybrid testing of reinforced concrete shear wall structure using a domain overlapping technique vol.16, pp.4, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11803-017-0412-y
  7. Performance evaluation of a distributed hybrid test framework to reproduce the collapse behavior of a structure vol.41, pp.2, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.1130
  8. Development of Collaborative Structure Analysis (CSA) System and Its Application to Investigate Effects of Soil-Structure Interaction vol.18, pp.7, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1080/13632469.2014.946162
  9. Model-based predicting and correcting algorithms for substructure online hybrid tests 2012, https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.2190
  10. An unconditionally stable algorithm with the capability of restraining the influence of actuator control errors in hybrid simulation vol.42, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2012.04.019
  11. Evaluation of reinforced concrete and reinforced engineered cementitious composite (ECC) members and structures using small-scale testing vol.42, pp.3, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2013-0445
  12. Hybrid Simulation for Earthquake Response of Semirigid Partial-Strength Steel Frames vol.139, pp.7, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000721
  13. Distributed analysis of interacting soil and structural systems under dynamic loading vol.2, pp.1, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1007/s41062-017-0076-5
  14. Numerical characteristics of the full operator hybrid simulation method vol.10, pp.3, 2011, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11803-011-0080-2
  15. On-line Model Updating in Hybrid Simulation Tests vol.18, pp.3, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1080/13632469.2013.873375
  16. Celestina-Sim: Framework to Support Distributed Testing and Service Integration in Earthquake Engineering vol.30, pp.1, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CP.1943-5487.0000455
  17. Intercontinental Hybrid Simulation for the Assessment of a Three-Span R/C Highway Overpass 2017, https://doi.org/10.1080/13632469.2017.1351406
  18. Application of hybrid-simulation to fragility assessment of the telescoping self-centering energy dissipative bracing system vol.43, pp.6, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.2374
  19. Modified Full Operator Hybrid Simulation Algorithm and its Application to the Seismic Response Simulation of a Composite Coupled Wall System vol.16, pp.6, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1080/13632469.2012.676232
  20. An overview of seismic hybrid testing of engineering structures vol.118, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2016.03.039
  21. Application of new material testing integrated (MTI) simulation paradigm for studying concrete confinement pp.1573-1456, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-018-0482-x
  22. Framework for virtual hybrid simulation of TADAS frames using opensees and abaqus vol.24, pp.11, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1177/1077546316679029
  23. An Internet-based computing framework for the simulation of multi-scale response of structural systems vol.37, pp.1, 2008, https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2011.37.1.017
  24. Localized evaluation of actuator tracking for real-time hybrid simulation using frequency-domain indices vol.62, pp.5, 2017, https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2017.62.5.631
  25. Localized evaluation of actuator tracking for real-time hybrid simulation using frequency-domain indices vol.62, pp.5, 2017, https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2017.62.5.631
  26. Staggered coordination in substructure online hybrid test on a RC frame retrofitted by BRBs vol.17, pp.7, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-019-00636-x
  27. ANN based on forgetting factor for online model updating in substructure pseudo-dynamic hybrid simulation vol.26, pp.1, 2020, https://doi.org/10.12989/sss.2020.26.1.063