Structural Engineering and Mechanics

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Simulation of material failure behavior under different loading rates using molecular dynamics

  • Kim, Kunhwi (School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Yonsei University) ;
  • Lim, Jihoon (School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Yonsei University) ;
  • Kim, Juwhan (School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Yonsei University) ;
  • Lim, Yun Mook (School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Yonsei University)
  • Received : 2007.09.15
  • Accepted : 2008.05.06
  • Published : 2008.09.30
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Material failure behavior is generally dependent on loading rate. Especially in brittle and quasi-brittle materials, rate dependent material behavior can be significant. Empirical formulations are often used to predict the rate dependency, but such methods depend on extensive experimental works and are limited by practical constraints of physical testing. Numerical simulation can be an effective means for extracting knowledge about rate dependent behavior and for complementing the results obtained by testing. In this paper, the failure behavior of a brittle material under different loading rates is simulated by molecular dynamics analysis. A notched specimen is modeled by sub-million particles with a normalization scheme. Lennard-Jones potential is used to describe the interparticle force. Numerical simulations are performed with six different loading rates in a direct tensile test, where the loading velocity is normalized to the ratio of the pseudo-sonic speed. As a consequence, dynamic features are achieved from the numerical experiments. Remarkable failure characteristics, such as crack surface interaction/crack arrest, branching, and void nucleation, vary in case of the six loading cases. These characteristics are interpreted by the energy concept approach. This study provides insight into the change in dynamic failure mechanism under different loading rates.

Keywords

References

  1. Abraham, F.F. (2001a), "Crack dynamics in brittle fracture: An atomistic study", Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B, 180, 72-76. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-583X(01)00398-6
  2. Abraham, F.F. (2001b), "The atomic dynamics of fracture", J. Mech. Phys. Solids, 49, 2095-2111. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5096(01)00028-X
  3. Anderson, T.L. (1995), Fracture Mechanics 3rd Edition, CRC Press, Inc., Florida.
  4. Bergkvist, H. (1974), "Some experiments on crack motion and arrest in polymethyl-methacrylate", Eng. Fract. Mech., 6, 621-626. https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-7944(74)90060-5
  5. Broberg, K.B. (1979), On the Behaviour of the Process Region at a Fast Running Crack Tip, Springer.
  6. Buehler, M.J., Abraham, F.F. and Gao, H. (2003), "Hyperelasticity governs dynamic fracture at a critical length scale", Nature, 426(13), 141-146. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature02096
  7. Buehler, M.J. and Gao, H. (2006), "Dynamical fracture instabilities due to local hyperelasticity at crack tips", Nature, 439, 307-310. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04408
  8. Doll, W. (1973), "An experimental study of the heat generated in the plastic region of a running crack in different polymeric materials", Eng. Fract. Mech., 5, 259-268. https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-7944(73)90021-0
  9. Eshelby, J.D. (1971), "Fracture mechanics", Science Progress, 59(234), 161-179.
  10. Fineberg, J. and Marder, M. (1999), "Instability in dynamic fracture", Phys. Rep., 313, 1-108. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0370-1573(98)00085-4
  11. Freund, L.B. (1998), Dynamic Fracture Mechanics, Cambridge University Press.
  12. Gao, H., Huang, Y. and Abraham, F.F. (2001), "Continuum and atomistic studies of intersonic crack propagation", J. Mech. Phys. Solids, 49, 2113-2132. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5096(01)00032-1
  13. John, R. and Shah, S. (1990), "Mixed-mode fracture of concrete subjected to impact loading", J. Struct. Eng., 116(3), 585-602. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1990)116:3(585)
  14. Kobayashi, A., Ohtani, N. and Sato, T. (1974), "Phenomenological aspects of viscoelastic crack propagation", J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 18, 1625-1638. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.1974.070180605
  15. Kozhushko, A.A. and Sinani, A.B. (2005), "Loading velocity and brittleness of solids", Physics of the Solid State, 47(5), 836-839. https://doi.org/10.1134/1.1924841
  16. Krivtsov, A.M. (2003), "Molecular dynamics simulation of impact fracture in polycrystalline materials", Meccanica, 38, 61-70. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022019401291
  17. Krivtsov, A.M. and Wiercigroch, M. (2001), "Molecular dynamics simulation of mechanical properties for polycrystal materials", Mater. Phys. Mech., 3, 45-51.
  18. Lok, T.S., Zhao, P.J. and Lu, G. (2003), "Using the split Hopkinson pressure bar to investigate the dynamic behaviour of SFRC", Magazine of Concrete Research, 55(2), 183-191. https://doi.org/10.1680/macr.55.2.183.37566
  19. Ravi-Chandar, K. and Knauss, W.G. (1984), "An experimental investigation into dynamic fracture: II. Microstructural aspects", Int. J. Fract., 26, 65-80. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01152313
  20. Robertson, D.H., Barrett, J.J.C., Elert, M.L. and White, C.T. (1997), "Self-similar behavior from molecular dynamics simulations of detonations", Proceedings of the 10th American Physical Society Topical Conference on Shock Compression of Condensed Matter, Amherst, Massachusetts, July-August.
  21. Wagner, N.J., Holian, B.L. and Voter, A.F. (1992), "Molecular-dynamics simulation of two-dimensional materials at high strain rates", Phys. Rev. A, 45(12), 8457-8470. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.45.8457
  22. Zhou, S.J., Beazley, D.M., Lomdahl, P.S. and Holian, B.L. (1997), "Large-scale molecular dynamics simulations of three-dimensional ductile failure", Phys. Rev. Lett., 78(3), 479-482. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.78.479
  23. Zhou, S.J., Lomdahl, P.S., Thomson, R. and Holian, B.L. (1996), "Dynamic crack processes via molecular dynamics", Phys. Rev. Lett., 76(13), 2318-2321. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.2318
  24. Zimmerman, C., Klemm, W. and Schonert, K. (1984), "Dynamic energy release rate and fracture heat in polymethylmethacrylate(PMMA) and a high strength steel", Eng. Fract. Mech., 20, 777-782. https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-7944(84)90086-9

Cited by

  1. Failure simulation of RC structures under highly dynamic conditions using random lattice models vol.125, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruc.2013.04.007
  2. Validation of three-dimensional irregular lattice model for concrete failure mode simulations under impact loads vol.169, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2016.11.007
  3. Simulation of rate dependent fracture in concrete using an irregular lattice model vol.33, pp.9, 2011, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2011.01.002
  4. Loading rate effect on superelastic SMA-based seismic response modification devices vol.4, pp.6, 2013, https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2013.4.6.607