인공호수(옥정호)내 동물플랑크톤 동태 및 군집 여과율의 수직적 변화

The Vertical Changes of Zooplankton Dynamics and Community Filtration Rate in the Artificial Lake (Okjeong Lake)

  • La, Geung-Hwan (Department of Environmental Education, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Lee, Hak-Young (Department of Biological Sciences, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Kim, Hyun-Woo (Department of Environmental Education, Sunchon National University)
  • 발행 : 2008.11.30

초록

인공호수(옥정호)에서 2004년 11월부터 2007년 6월까지 월 1회 간격으로 수층별(표층: 0$\sim$5 m, 중층: 4$\sim$5 m, 하층: 8$\sim$10 m)육수학적 요인과 동물플랑크톤군집 동태 및 식물플랑크톤에 대한 섭식 기여율을 파악하였다. 조사기간 동안 수층별 평균 수온은 각각 상층 15.2$\pm$7.8$^{\circ}C$, 중층 14.5$\pm$7.4$^{\circ}C$ 그리고 하층은 13.0$\pm$6.2$^{\circ}C$ (n=30)를 나타내었다 Chl. ${\alpha}$ 농도를 제외한 기초 이화학변수(용존산소량, pH, 전기전도도 및 탁도)의 경우 각 수층별로 유사하였다. Chl. ${\alpha}$ 농도는 상층에서 평균 21.4${\mu}g$ L$^{-1}$로 가장 높았던 반면, 중층과 하층에서는 각각 4.3 ${\mu}g$ L$^{-1}$와 3.5 ${\mu}g$ L$^{-1}$로 낮았다. 평균 Secchi수심은 261 cm(n=30)로 나타났다. 조사기간 동안 출현한 동물플랑크톤 종수는 총 45종으로, 윤충류 28종, 지각류 12종 그리고 요각류 5종이 동정되었다. 윤충류의 평균 밀도가 가장 높았으며 (평균 124$\pm$232 개체 L$^{-1}$, n=90), 지각류와 요각류의 평균 밀도는 상대적으로 낮았다(각각 22$\pm$56 개체 L$^{-1}$, 13$\pm$30 개체 L$^{-1}$). 전체 동물플랑크톤 풍부도는 늦음부터 여름철에 걸쳐 전 수층에서 증가한 후 감소하여 겨울 동안 낮게 유지되었다. 연평균 동물플랑크톤의 식물플랑크톤에 대한 여과 섭식률은 하층이 상층과 중층보다 높았다 (상층: 44.4$\pm$107.8, 중층: 95.1$\pm$198.6 그리고 하층: 158.2$\pm$436.4 mL L$^{-1}$ day$^{-1}$). 주요 동물플랑크톤 군집 중 요각류의 상대 군집 여과율(RCFR, %)이 50.2$\sim$54.8%로 윤충류(8.0$\sim$17.6%)와 지각류(27.7$\sim$36.3%)보다 더 높았다. 계절에 따른 RCFR의 변화가 관찰되었으며 윤충류의 RCFR은 겨울에(44.6%, n=9) 높았고, 지각류는 여름에 (58.0%, n=7)에 가장 높았다. 봄과 가을에는 요각류의 RCFR이 전 수층에서 가장 높았다(봄: 67.4%, n=9, 가을: 74.4%, n=5).

The vertical changes (upper layer: 0$\sim$0.5 m, middle layer: 4$\sim$5 m and lower layer: 8$\sim$10 m) of the limnological variables, zooplankton dynamics and community filtration rate on the phytoplankton were evaluated monthly intervals from November 2004 to June 2007 at the artificiallake (Okjeong Lake). During the study, the annual mean of water temperatures were 15.2$\pm$7.8$^{\circ}C$ (upper layer), 14.5$\pm$7.4$^{\circ}C$ (middle layer) and 13.0$\pm$6.2$^{\circ}C$ (lower layer), respectively (n=30). The vertical variations of most limnological parameters (DO, pH, conductivity and turbidity) were fairly similar, except for chl.-${\alpha}$ concentration. Annual mean of chl.-${\alpha}$ concentration was highest at the upper layer (21.4 ${\mu}g$ L$^{-1}$), while annual means of concentrations were low at the middle layer and lower layer (4.3 ${\mu}g$ L$^{-1}$ and 3.5 ${\mu}g$ L$^{-1}$, respectively). Annual mean of Secchi depth was 261 cm (n=30). A total 45 species of zooplankton were identified (28 rotifers, 12 cladocerans and 5 copepods) during the study. The mean abundance of rotifers was highest (124$\pm$232 ind. L$^{-1}$, n =90) and that of cladocerans and copepods were relatively low (22$\pm$56 ind. L$^{-1}$ and 13$\pm$30 ind. L$^{-1}$) in the whole layer. Total zooplankton abundance increased from late spring to summer, and then declined and remained low throughout the winter. The annual mean of total zooplankton filtration rate for phytoplankton at the lower layer was much higher than that of both layers (upper layer: 44.4$\pm$107.8, middle layer: 95.1$\pm$436.4 and lower layer: 158.2$\pm$436.4 mL L$^{-1}$ day$^{-1}$). Among the major zooplankton community, relative community filtration rate (RCFR, %) of copepods for phytoplankton (50.2$\sim$54.8%) was much higher than that of cladocerans (27.7$\sim$36.3%) and rotifers (8$\sim$17.6%). The seasonal variation of RCFRs of major zooplankton community was observed. The RCFRs of rotifers were high in winter (44.6%, n=9), while the RCFRs of cladocerans were high in summer (58.0%, n=7). In spring and fall, the RCFRs of copepods were high in the whole layer (spring: 67.4%, n=9; fall: 74.4%, n=5).

키워드

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