Numerical Simulation of Wave Breaking Near Ship Bow

  • Lee, Young-Gill (Department of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, Inha University) ;
  • Kim, Nam-Chul (Regional Research Center for Transportation System of Yellow Sea, Inha University) ;
  • Yu, Jin-Won (Department of Naval Architecture, Graduate School of Inha University) ;
  • Choi, Si-Young (Department of Naval Architecture, Graduate School of Inha University)
  • 발행 : 2008.03.31

초록

The interaction between advancing ships and the waves generated by them plays important roles in wave resistances and ship motions. Wave breaking phenomena near the ship bow at different speeds are investigated both numerically and experimentally. Numerical simulations of free surface profiles near the fore bodies of ships are performed and visualized to grasp the general trend or the mechanism of wave breaking phenomena from moderate waves rather than concentrating on local chaotic irregularities as ship speeds increase. Navier-Stokes equations are differentiated based on the finite difference method. The Marker and Cell (MAC) Method and Marker-Density Method are employed, and they are compared for the description of free surface conditions associated with the governing equations. Extra effort has been directed toward the realization of extremely complex free surface conditions at wave breaking. For this purpose, the air-water interface is treated with marker density, which is used for two layer flows of fluids with different properties. Adaptation schemes and refinement of the numerical grid system are also used at local complex flows to improve the accuracy of the solutions. In addition to numerical simulations, various model tests are performed in a ship model towing tank. The results are compared with numerical calculations for verification and for realizing better, more efficient research performance. It is expected that the present research results regarding wave breaking and the geometry of the fore body of ship will facilitate better hull form design productivity at the preliminary ship design stage, especially in the case of small and fast ship design. Also, the obtained knowledge on the impact due to the interaction of breaking waves and an advancing hull surface is expected to be applicable to investigation of the ship bow slamming problem as a specific application.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Azcueta, R., S. Muzaferija and M. Peric. 1999. Computation of Breaking Bow Waves for a Very Full Hull Ship. Proc. 7th Int. Conf. on Numerical Ship Hydrodynamics, Nantes, France
  2. Chan, R.K. and R.L. Street. 1970. SUMMAC-A Numerical Model for Water Wave. Technical Report No.135. Dept. of Civil Engineering: Stanford University, Stanford, USA
  3. Fekken, G., A.E.P. Veldman and B. Buchner. 1999. Simulation of Green Water Loading Using the Navier-Stokes Equations. Proc. 7th Int. Conf. od Numerical Ship Hydrodynamics, Nantes, France
  4. Hirt, C.W. and B.D. Nichols. 1981. Volume of Fluid (VOF) Method for The Dynamics of Free Boundaries. Journal of Computational Physics, 39, 201-205 https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9991(81)90145-5
  5. Kawamura, T. and H. Miyata. 1994. Simulation of Nonlinear Ship Flows by Density-Function Method. J. Soc. Naval Arch. Japan, 176, 1-10
  6. Mori, K.N. 1985. Vortex and bow wave around blunt bodies. Proc. 13th Symp. Naval Hydrodynamics, Germany
  7. Muzaferia, S. and M. Peric. 1999. Computation of free surface flows using interface-tracking and interface-capturing methods. Chap.2 in O. Mahrenholtz a & Markiewicz, M. (ed.), Nonlinear Water Wave Interaction, 59-100. WIT Press
  8. Noh, W.F. and P. Woodward. 1976. SLIC(Simple Line Interface Calculation). Proc. 5th Int. Conf. on Numerical Methods in Fluids
  9. Osher, S. and J.A. Sethian. 1988. Fronts Propagating with Curvature-Dependent Speed: Algorithms Based on Hamilton-Jacobi Formulation. Journal of Computational Physics, 79, 12-49 https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9991(88)90002-2
  10. Park, J.-C. and H. Miyata. 1994. Numerical Simulation of 2D and 3D Breaking Waves by Finite Difference Method. J. Soc. Naval Arch. Japan, 175, 11-24
  11. Ramshaw, J.D. and J.A. Trapp. 1976. ANumerical Technique for Low-Speed Homogeneous Two-Phase Flow with Sharp Interface. Journal of Computational Physics, 21, 438-453 https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9991(76)90039-5
  12. Sethian, J.A. 1999. Level Set Methods and Fast Marching Methods. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, USA
  13. Vandan Broeck, J.-M. and E.O. Tuck. 1977. Proc. 2nd Int. Conf. Num. Ship Hydrodynamics, Berkeley, USA
  14. Welch, J.E., F.H. Harlow, J.P. Shannin and B.J. Daly. 1966. The MAC Method. Los Alamos Science Lab. Report LA-3425, Los Alamos, USA
  15. Zalesak, S. 1979. Fully Multi-Dimensional Flux-Corrected Transport Algorithms for Fluids. Journal of Computational Physics, 11, 38-69 https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9991(73)90147-2