The Influence of the Grouping Method by Personality Types on Mathematical Attitude and Achievement in Small Group Cooperative Learning

소집단 협동학습에서 성격유형별 집단구성방법이 수학적 태도 및 성취도에 미치는 영향

The method of being composed of small groups has a strong influence on mathematics and cooperative learning and therefore, the group classification should be made in a way of considering not only a learner's cognitive factor but also a affective factor in order to maximize the effects. In this research, we regarded personality as the important standard of the group classification for cooperative learning and tried to find out the influence on the mathematical attitude and achievement in mathematics by means of conducting mathematics and cooperative learning according to the personality types. In order to resolve this problem, we performed the cooperative learning of small group subject to the students at year 6 in an elementary school by making up a similar personality type of group and a different personality type of group through MMTIC examination, and also tried to find out any significant difference in terms of mathematical attitude and achievement in mathematics between two groups. The results obtained in this research are as follows; First, organizing groups in accordance with personality types did not affect on mathematical attitude. Although there were some positive opinions towards mathematics and cooperative learning, the both similar personality type of group and different personality type of group showed no significant difference in terms of mathematical attitude between two groups. Second, organizing groups in accordance with personality types showed positive effects on the achievement in mathematics. The similar personality type of group showed the better achievement in mathematics than the different personality type of group.

수학과 협동학습에서 학생들의 의사소통을 포함한 유기적인 상호과정은 매우 중요하며, 소집단의 구성 방법은 학습 결과에 많은 영향을 미친다. 따라서 수학과 협동학습의 효과를 높이기 위해서는 학습자의 다양한 특성에 따라 소집단이 구성되어야 하며 이때에는 인지적 요인뿐만 아니라 정의적 요인도 신중히 고려되어야 한다. 이에 본 연구에서는 정의적 요인 중, 학생이 어떻게 학습하고 무엇을 학습하는지의 개인차를 나타내주는 성격유형을 협동학습을 위한 소집단 구성의 중요한 기준으로 보고 5학년을 대상으로 MMTIC 검사를 통해 성격유형별 동질집단과 이질집단을 구성하여 소집단 협동학습을 실시하였다. 그 결과 성격유형별 동질집단과 이질집단 간 수학적 태도는 차이를 보이지 않았으나 수학 성취도에 있어서는 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 즉 수학과 소집단 협동학습에서 성격유형별 동질집단 구성이 수학 성취도 향상에 효과적임을 알 수 있었다.