Quality Characteristics and Antioxidant Activity of Spirulina added Yogurt

스피루리나 첨가 요구르트의 품질 특성 및 항산화능

  • Shin, Yu-Mi (Department of Food and Nutrition, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Son, Chan-Wok (Department of Food and Nutrition, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Sim, Hyun-Jung (Department of Food and Nutrition, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Kim, Min-Hee (Department of Food and Nutrition, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Kim, Mi-Yeon (Department of Food and Nutrition, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Kwon, Oh-Yun (Department of Food and Nutrition, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Kim, Mee-Ree (Department of Food and Nutrition, Chungnam National University)
  • 신유미 (충남대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 손찬욱 (충남대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 심현정 (충남대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 김민희 (충남대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 김미연 (충남대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 권오윤 (충남대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 김미리 (충남대학교 식품영양학과)
  • Published : 2008.02.29

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality characteristics and antioxidant activity of yogurt containing spirulina. Yogurt base was prepared from skim milk added with $0.25{\sim}1%(w/v)$ spirulina powder and fermented with lactic acid bacteria (S. thermophilus : L. bulgaricus = 1 : 1) at $40^{\circ}C$ for 12 hr. Kiwi puree and oligosaccharides were then added. The addition of 1% spirulina powder stimulated the growth of lactic acid bacteria, which showed the highest viable cell count ($3.4{\times}10^9$ CFU/mL), and increased the titratable acidity (1.10%). The viscosity range of the yogurt was 6,000 to 9,000 cP, and the sugar content of the yogurt was around 18 $^{\circ}Brix$. The antioxidant activities were determined using the DPPH method, and the hydroxyl radical scavenging activity of the yogurt containing spirulina was higher than that of the control. The sensory evaluation scores for appearance, odor, taste, overall acceptability and buying intention were higher in the yogurt containing 0.25% spirulina than in the other groups. The amount of macronutrients in the yogurt containing spirulina was higher than that in the control. In addition, the amounts of micronutrients in the yogurt containing spirulina was significantly increased. According to these results, the optimum concentration of spirulina powder is around 0.25%.

스피루리나 고유의 색과 냄새로 인한 관능적 품질 저하를 개선하고, 영양성이 풍부하고 기능성이 뛰어난 스피루리나 첨가 요구르트를 개발하기 위하여 우유와 탈지분유에 스피루리나를 0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 1%의 농도로 첨가하여 $40^{\circ}C$에서 12시간 발효시킨 후 키위퓨레와 올리고당을 첨가하여 요구르트를 제조한 후 스피루리나 첨가량에 따른 이화학적, 미생물학적, 관능적 특성 및 기능성을 측정하였다. 스피루리나 첨가 농도가 높아질수록 pH 감소와 적정산도의 증가폭이 커졌으며, 점도 역시 스피루리나 첨가 농도가 증가할 수록 높아졌다. 생균수는 대조구가 $5.8{\times}10^8$ CFU/mL, 스피루리나 0.25%. 0.5%, 1% 첨가구가 각각 $6.3{\times}10^8$ CFU/mL, $1.5{\times}10^9$ CFU/mL, $3.4{\times}10^9$ CFU/mL로 스피루리나 첨가 농도가 높을수록 생균수가 증가하는 경향을 보였다. DPPH radical소거능 및 Hydroxyl radical 소거능에 대한 항산화 활성 역시 스피루리나 첨가량이 증가할수록 높아지는 경향을 보였다. 또한 7점 척도법으로 관능검사 실시 결과 대조구가 4.7점, 스피루리나 0.25%, 0.5%, 1% 첨가구가 각각 5.2점, 4.0점, 3.7점으로 스피루리나 0.25% 첨가구의 기호도가 가장 높았다. 또는 시판제품과의 순위법 검사에서 스피루리나 0.25% 농도의 첨가구가 3위를 나타내 비교적 높은 기호도를 보였다. 요구르트의 영양성분을 분석한 결과 스피루리나 첨가구는 대조구에 비해 일반성분 중 열량, 탄수화물, 수분, 조회분, 조단백질은 유의적으로 높아졌다. 또한 무기질 중 Na, K, P, Fe, Mg, Cu, Zn, Al이 유의적으로 높아졌으며 Cd, Pb, Hg 등의 중금속은 검출되지 않았다. 이상과 같이 스피루리나를 0.25% 첨가하여 요구르트를 제조할 때 유산균의 생육 및 산 생성을 촉진시켰으며, 요구르트의 관능적인 면에서도 좋은 결과를 보였다. 따라서 여러 가지 유용한 생리 활성을 가지는 스피루리나는 새로운 기능성 요구르트의 개발에 있어서 좋은 천연물 소재로서의 가능성을 가지고 있다고 사료된다.

Keywords

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