Comparison between Manifest Refraction and Cycloplegic Refractin for the First-time Spectacle Wearers

최초 안경착용자의 현성굴절검사(MR)와 조절마비굴절검사(CR)의 비교

Purpose: To study the difference between refractive errors obtained from manifest refraction (MR) and cycloplegic refraction (CR) in first-time spectacle wearers. To study the difference between manifest refractive errors and cycloplegic refractive errors in first-time spectacle wearers. Methods: From January 2002 to December 2002, manifest and cycloplegic refractions were carried out on the patients who visited an ophthalmology clinic for a spectacle prescription for the first-time. The patients were 509 male and 499 female patients aged between from 3 to 15 years old. Results: The cycloplegic refraction showed a less myopia and a more hyperopia compared with the non-cycloplegic refraction. The differences were more in female patients. The CR showed a less myopic and a more hyperopic refractive errors than the MR. The differences were more in female patients. The average results from a pre- and a post-cycloplegic refraction showed a reduction of -0.22D in male, and -0.20D in female for the myopic group. For the myopic group, the myopic refractive errors by MR were -0.22D in male and -0.20D in female higher than the refractive errors by CR. Hyperopic group showed an increase of +0.37D in male, and +0.56D in female. For hyperopic group the hypropic refractive errors by CR were +0.37D in male and +0.56D in female higher than the refractive errors by CR. This difference between the results of a preand a post-cycloplegic refraction was more if the patients were younger. This difference between refractive errors by MR and by CR showed the younger the more and the proportions of pseudo-myopia and or latent hyperopia were also higher with younger patents age. The amounts of with-the-rule astigmatism and the oblique astigmatism were increased for the post-cycloplegic refraction in the CR refraction. Simple astigmatism reduced, but there was no difference found in the amount of astigmatism. The prevalence of simple astigmatism reduced, but there was no difference in the amount of astigmatism. Conclusions: The difference between manifest refraction and cycloplegic refraction was more in younger group. The difference of refrative error between by MR and CR increases with ageing decrease. Pseudo-myopia and latent hyperopia was also found in the younger group. Simple astigmatism reduced after cycloplegic refraction, there was no difference found in the amount of astigmatism. The prevalence of simple astigmatism reduced, but there was no difference in the amount of astigmatism.

목적: 최초 안경착용자의 현성굴절검사(Manifest Refraction: MR)와 조절마비굴절검사(Cycloplegic Refraction: CR)를 비교 분석하여 굴절상태를 정확히 파악하고자 하는 목적이다. 방법: 2002년 1월부터 2002년 12월까지 한 안과에 내원한 3~15세 중에서 안경 처방을 받기 위해 처음 방문한 남자 509명, 여자 499명을 대상으로 현성굴절검사(MR)와 조절마비굴절검사(CR)를 실시하였다. 결과: 조절마비제 점안 후 근시는 감소하였고 원시와 정시는 증가하였으며, 여자가 증감비율은 더 컸다. 조절마비 전 후의 평균 굴절력은 근시안에서 남자 -0.22D, 여자 -0.20D 감소하였고, 원시안에서 남자 +0.37D, 여자 +0.56D 증가하였다. 연령이 어릴수록 근시와 원시의 MR과 CR의 변화가 더 컸으며, 가성근시와 잠복원시 비율도 높게 나타났다. 조절마비제 점안 후에 직난시와 사난시는 증가하였고, 단난시량은 감소하였지만, 난시 굴절력 변화는 없었다. 결론: 연령이 어릴수록 MR과 CR의 변화가 더 컸으며, 가성근시나 잠복원시가 나타남을 보였고, CR후 단난시량은 감소함을 보였지만, 난시 굴절력의 변화는 없었다.