YAKHAK HOEJI (약학회지)

The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea (대한약학회)
권호 표지

Expression of Inflammatory Cytokines by Beta-glucan in Macrophage Cell Line

대식세포주에서 베타-글루칸에 의한 염증성 사이토카인의 발현

  • Kim, Mi-Jeong (Department of Life Sciences, University of Seoul) ;
  • Ryu, Han-Wook (Department of Life Sciences, University of Seoul) ;
  • Cho, Gye-Hyung (Department of Life Sciences, University of Seoul) ;
  • Kim, Ha-Won (Department of Life Sciences, University of Seoul)
  • 김미정 (서울시립대학교 생명과학과) ;
  • 유한욱 (서울시립대학교 생명과학과) ;
  • 조계형 (서울시립대학교 생명과학과) ;
  • 김하원 (서울시립대학교 생명과학과)
  • Published : 2008.02.29
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Immune system can protect host attacking from a variety of microorganism and virus through innate and adaptive immunities. The innate immune system can be activated by recognition of conserved carbohydrates on the cell surface of pathogen resulting in protection, immunity regulation and inflammation. Immunostimulating and anti-tumor ${\beta}$-glucan, major cell wall component of many fungi, could be recognized as pathogen associated molecular pattern (PAMP) by C-type lectin such as pathogen recognition receptor (PRR) of host innate immunity cells. In spite of many studies of basidiomycetes ${\beta}$-glucan on immunostimulation, little is known about the precise mechanism as molecular-level. Among C-type lectins, dectin-1 was cloned and reported as a ${\beta}$-glucan receptor. In this report, we demonstrated induction of cytokine gene transcription by Ganoderma lucidum ${\beta}$-glucan in the absence or presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by RT-PCR analysis. The expression of murine dectin-1 (MD-1) on RAW264.7 macrophage by RT-PCR showing both the full length, 757 bp $(MD-1{\alpha})$ and alternative spliced form, 620 bp $(MD-1{\beta})$. Both $MD-1{\alpha}$ and $MD-1{\beta}$ mRNAs were induced by ${\beta $-glucan both in the absence and presence of LPS. To explore expression of inflammatory cytokines by ${\beta}$-glucan, RAW264.7 cells were treated with ${\beta}$-glucan for 12 hours. As a result, the expressions of IL-1 IL-6, IL-l0 and $TNF-{\alpha}$ were increased by ${\beta}$-glucan treatment in a dose-dependent fashion. From these results, ${\beta}$-glucan induced transcriptions of dectin-1 and immune activating cytokine genes, indicating induction of immune allertness by expressing dectin-1 and secreting inflammatory cytokines.

Keywords

References

  1. Janeway, C. A., Travers, P., Walport, M. and Shlomchik, M. J. : Immunobiology. 6th ed., Garland Science Publishing, pp. 823, New York (2005)
  2. McKenna, K., Beignon, A. and Bhardwaj, N. : Plasmacytoid dendritic cells: Linking innate and adaptive immunity. J. Virology 79(1), 17 (2005)
  3. Brown, G. D. and Gordon, S. : Fungal beta-glucans and mammalian immunity. Immunity 19, 311 (2003)
  4. Nosal'ova, V., Bobek, P., Cerna, S., Galbavy, S. and Stvrtina, S. : Effects of pleuran ($\beta$-glucan isolated from Pleurotus ostreatus) on experimental colitis in rats. Physiol. Res. 50, 575 (2001)
  5. Figdor, C. G., van Kooyk, Y. and Adema, G. J. : C-type lectin receptors on dendritic cells and Langerhans cells. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 2, 77 (2002)
  6. Cambi, A. and Figdor, C. G. : Dual function of C-type lectin-like receptors in the immune system. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 15, 539 (2003)
  7. Drickamer, K. : Engineering galactose-binding activity into a C-type mannose-binding protein. Nature 360, 183 (1992)
  8. Feinberg, H., Mitchell, D. A., Drickamer, K. and Weis, W. I. : Structural basis for selective recognition of oligosaccharides by DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR. Science 294(5549), 2163 (2001)
  9. Ariizumi, K., Shen, G., Shikano, S., Xu, S., Ritter, R. III, Kumamoto, T., Edelbaum, D., Morita, A., Bergstresser, P. R. and Takashima, A. : Identification of a novel, dendritic cellassociated molecule, dectin-1, by substractive cDNA cloning. J. Biol. Chem. 275, 20157 (2000)
  10. Brown, G. D. and Gordon, S. : Immune recognition. A new receptor for beta-glucans. Nature 413(6851), 36 (2001)
  11. Willment, J. A., Gordon, S. and Brown, G. D. : Characterization of the $\beta$-glucan receptor and its alternatively spliced isoforms. J. Biol. Chem. 276, 43818 (2001)
  12. Engering, A., Geijtenbeek, T. B., van Vliet, S. J., Wijers, M., van Liemot, E., Demaurex, N., Lanzavecchia, A., Fransen, J., Figdor, C. G., Piguet, V. and van Kooyk, Y. : The dendritic cellspecific adhesion receptor DC-SIGN internalizes antigen for presentation to T cells. J. Immunol. 168, 2118 (2002)
  13. Ishibashi, K., Miura, N. N., Adachi, Y., Ogura, N., Tamura, H., Tanaka, S. and Ohno, N. : DNA array analysis of altered gene expression in human leukocytes stimulated with soluble and particulate forms of Candida cell wall $\beta$-glucan. Int. Immunopharmacol. 4, 387 (2004)
  14. Vetvicka, V. and Yvin, J. : Effects of marine $\beta$-1,3 glucan on immune reactions. Int. Immunopharmacol. 4, 721 (2004)
  15. Hunter, Jr., K. W., duPre, S. and Redelman, D. : Microparticulate $\beta$-glucan upregulate the expression of B7.1, B7.2, B7-H1, but not B7-DC on cultured murine peritoneal macrophages. Immunol. Lett. 93, 71 (2004)
  16. Chen, H. S., Tsai, Y. F., Lin, S., Lin, C. C., Khoo, K. H., Lin, C. H. and Wong, C. H. : Studies on the immuno-modulating and anti-tumor activities of Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi) polysaccharides. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 12(21), 5595 (2004)
  17. Lin, Y. L., Liang, Y. C., Lee, S. S. and Chiang, B. L. : Polysaccharide purified from Ganoderma lucidum induced activation and maturation of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells by the NF-kappaB and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. J. Leukoc. Biol. 78(2), 533 (2005)
  18. Lee, J. Y., Ye, J., Gao, Z., Youn, H. S., Lee, W. H. Zhao, L., Sizemore, N. and Hwang, D. H. : Reciprocal modulation of tolllike receptor-4 signaling pathways involving MyD88 and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT by saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids. J. Biol. Chem. 278, 37041 (2003)