대한지리학회지 (Journal of the Korean Geographical Society)

대한지리학회 (The Korean Geographical Society)
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세계 시민 교육의 관점에서 세계 지리 교과서 다시 읽기: 미국 세계 지리 교과서 속의 '한국'

Rereading World Geography Textbooks in Terms of Global Education: An Analysis of Korea in US World Geography Textbooks

  • 노혜정 (텍사스 대학교, 교육과정 및 교수학과)
  • Noh, Hae-Jeong (Department of Curriculum and Instruction, The University of Texas at Austin)
  • 발행 : 2008.03.31
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초록

지리 교과서는 종종 세계를 하나의 연결된 체제로서보다는 개별 국가들의 집합으로 다룬다. 또한 많은 학자들이 지리 교과서의 자민족 중심적인 편견을 경고한다. 그리하여 특정 집단이나 국가의 범위를 벗어나 세계의 상호의존성을 강조하는 세계적 관점을 추구하는 세계 시민 교육은 이러한 지리 교과서의 현 상태를 극복할 수 있는 가능성을 제시한다. 이 연구의 목적은 첫째, 세계 시민교육의 관점에서 현행 미국 세계 지리 교과서를 분석하는 것이며, 둘째, 세계 지리 교과서를 비판적으로 읽기 위한 대안을 탐구하는 것이다. 본 질적 사례 연구는 미국 세계 지리 교과서의 제국주의적이고 미국 중심적인 관점을 드러낸다. 특히 한국의 사례는 이분법, 북한에 대한 부정적인 태도와 배제, 오해와 고정관념, 단순화 등을 통해 세계 지리 교과서가 어떻게 세계 다른 지역과 사람들을 과소 평가하는지 보여준다. 그리하여 세계 시민 교육의 '세계적 관점'과 '탈식민주의적 관점'을 통해 교과서에 재현된 다른 지역과 사람들에 대해 끊임없이 질문을 던짐으로써 의식적인 또는 무의식적인 오류와 편견을 감지하고, 나아가 지금까지 소홀하게 여겨졌던 사람들의 관점과 경험을 받아들이고, 복잡하고 논쟁적인 세계적 이슈를 다양한 관점에서 다루는 것이 필요하다.

Geography textbooks often have treated the world as a collection of independent nations. Also, many scholars have warned of ethnocentric bias in geography textbooks. Global education that emphasizes world interdependence and pursues global perspectives offers some possibilities to go beyond the status quo of current World Geography textbooks. The primary objective of this study is to analyze current US World Geography textbooks in terms of global education. A secondary objective is to explore a framework for rereading World Geography textbooks critically. This interpretive qualitative case study indicates that US World Geography textbooks maintain an imperialist and American-centered perspective. Especially, the case of Korea shows that other places and people are underrepresented through dichotomy, negative attitude and exclusion, misconception and stereotyping, and simplification in textbooks. Therefore, we need to detect conscious and unconscious fallacy and bias, to understand the world view and experiences of underrepresented people, and to deal with controversial global issues from diverse perspectives through global perspectives and post-colonial perspectives of global education.

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