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Effects of Environment Friendly Agricultural Materials to Insect Natural Enemies at Small Green Houses

소형포장에서 친환경농자재가 천적곤충에 미치는 영향

  • Lee, Dae-Hong (Dept. Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Kang, Eun-Jin (Dept. Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Kang, Myong-Ki (Dept. Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Lee, Hee-Jin (Dept. Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Seok, Hee-Bong (Dept. Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Seo, Mi-Ja (Dept. Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Yu, Yong-Man (Dept. Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Youn, Young-Nam (Dept. Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University)
  • 이대홍 (충남대학교 농업생명과학대학 응용생물학과) ;
  • 강은진 (충남대학교 농업생명과학대학 응용생물학과) ;
  • 강명기 (충남대학교 농업생명과학대학 응용생물학과) ;
  • 이희진 (충남대학교 농업생명과학대학 응용생물학과) ;
  • 석희봉 (충남대학교 농업생명과학대학 응용생물학과) ;
  • 서미자 (충남대학교 농업생명과학대학 응용생물학과) ;
  • 유용만 (충남대학교 농업생명과학대학 응용생물학과) ;
  • 윤영남 (충남대학교 농업생명과학대학 응용생물학과)
  • Published : 2008.03.30

Abstract

Many kinds of environment friendly agricultural materials (EFAMs) were used for the plant protection, furthermore they support the growth of crops in the greenhouses and the kindly environment friendly farming. Natural enemies might be used for control of insect pest with EFAMs at the same space and time. For testing the toxicity of EFAMs against to natural enemies, 10 EFAMs were selected and tested in small greenhouses and farm's fields. In case of Harmonia axyridis larva, there was no predacious activity against cotton aphids in the block with EFAMMo L, EFAMPE D, EFAMME G and EFAMAE A, otherwise, aphid population was rapidly decreased in the control block without EFAMs. Both of Trialeurodes vaporariorum and Encarsia formosa population were slightly decreased in the block with EFAMs. There were significantly decreased in the block with IEFAM C, FEFAM D, EFAMSM Band EFAMPE D compared with control area. Especially, there was significantly maintained a very low population, both T. vaporariorum and E. formosa in the block with EFAMMo C. The parasitized ratio of Aphidius colemani is also very low in the block with EFAMs compared with control area. In the block with IEFAM C, FEFAM D, EFAMPE D and EFAMMo L, there were significantly different with control area in the number of mummies. Otherwise, in case of Diglyphus isaea and Liriomyza trifolii, there was no significantly different between blocks with and without EFAMs. In the block with EFAMMo C, Tetranychus urticae and Phytoseiulus persimilis populations were significantly maintained a very low level. However, the population of T. urticae was increased, but P. persimilis was decreased in the block with EFAMMo L.

시설재배지 내에서의 친환경농자재는 작물보호를 위하여 사용하기도 하고 작물의 생육을 도와주는 역할을 위해 사용되기도 한다. 친환경농자재는 각종 해충을 방제하기 위하여 사용되는 천적들과 중복 사용될 수도 있다. 이때 친환경농자재가 이러한 천적들에 미칠 수 있는 영향을 평가하였다. 본 실험에 사용된 친환경농자재는 천적곤충에 영향을 많이 주는 것으로 보고된 10개를 선발하여 소형포장과 농가포장에서 평가하였다. 먼저 무당벌레 유충에 미치는 영향을 보면, 친환경농자재를 사용하지 않은 무처리구에서는 무당벌레의 목화진딧물 포식활동이 잘 이루어지고 있지만, EFAMMo L과 EFAMPE D, EFAMME G, EFAMAE A등을 처리한 구에서는 무당벌레의 포식활동이 이루어지지 않아서 진딧물의 개체수가 현저히 증가함을 알 수 있다. 온실가루이좀벌의 경우에, 친환경농자재를 살포한 시험구에서는 전체적으로 온실가루이 약충과 온실가루이좀벌 머미의 개체수가 조금씩 감소하였으며, 특히 IEFAM C, FEFAM D, EFAMSM B, EFAMPE D 등을 처리한 시험구에서 온실가루이좀벌 머미의 수가 무처리구에 비하여 현저히 적은 것을 알 수 있었다 반면에 EFAMMo C를 살포한 처리구의 경우에는 온실가루이를 거의 찾아볼 수 없을 정도로 온실가루이에 대하여 방제효과를 나타내고 있었다. 소포장에서 콜레마니진디 벌의 기생률을 검토한 결과 친환경농자재를 뿌린 구역보다는 무처리구에서의 기생률이 높았다. IEFAM C, FEFAM D, EFAMPE D, EFAMMo L 등을 살포한 구역에서 특히 낮은 기생률을 나타내었다. 잎굴파리좀 벌의 외부기생 머미가 방사 후 1주일 후부터 2주 후까지도 많이 관찰되었지만 처리구와 무처리구 사이의 통계적인 유의성은 없었다. FAMMo C는 점박이응애, 칠레이리응애 모두 개체수를 감소시켰다. EFAMMo L은 점박이응애에는 피해를 주지 않은 반면에, 칠레이리응애의 개체수는 많이 감소하였다.

Keywords

References

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