Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture (한국환경농학회지)

The Korean Society of Environmental Agriculture (한국환경농학회)
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Alum as a Chemical Amendment for Reducing Ammonia Emission and Stabilizing Pig Manure Phosphorus during Composting

돈분뇨 퇴비화 과정에서 Alum 처리가 암모니아 휘산과 인산 안정화에 미치는 영향

  • Lee, Yong-Bok (Soil and Fertilizer Management Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science) ;
  • Lee, Hyeon-Bok (Soil and Fertilizer Management Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science) ;
  • Yun, Hong-Bae (Soil and Fertilizer Management Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science) ;
  • Lee, Youn (Organic Agriculture Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science)
  • 이용복 (국립농업과학원 토양비료관리과) ;
  • 이현복 (국립농업과학원 토양비료관리과) ;
  • 윤홍배 (국립농업과학원 토양비료관리과) ;
  • 이연 (국립농업과학원 유기농업과)
  • Published : 2008.12.31
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Abstract

Composting is a good strategy for management of livestock manure. However, it leads to large ammonia emissions and has a potential phosphorus runoff due to high content of soluble phosphorus. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of alum on reducing ammonia emissions and stabilizing phosphorus during composting of pig manure. For this study, alum was applied at rates of 0 (No-Alum), 1.0 (Alum-L), and 3.0 (Alum-H) g Al $kg^{-1}$ pig manure and sawdust mixture (fresh matter basis). The thermophilic stage was quickly achieved in Alum-L and No-alum treatment, but it was delayed to 5 days in Alum-H treatment. The thermophilic stage was maintained for 2 weeks in all treatment. The pH of compost treated with alum remained below 8.0 for the 35 d but it was above 8.0 in No-Alum treatment. For the first 15 days of composting process, 93, 87, and 58% of total ammonia emissions were occurred in No-Alum-L and Alum-H, respectively. The Alum-H and Alum-L treatments reduced $NH_3$ volatilization by 31 and 78% compared with No-Alum treatment. Alum treatments shifted manure P form $H_2O$ and $NaHCO_3$ extractable P into NaOH extractable P which is very stable under acid and alkaline condition. Therefore, alum is a good chemical amendment for reducing ammonia emission during composting and potential losses of P following compost applications.

돈분 퇴비화 시 Alum 처리 수준이 증가함에 따라 전 퇴비화 과정에서 pH는 낮은 수준으로 유지되었지만, Alum-H 처리구는 퇴비화 초기 pH가 Alum-L와 대조구에 비해 현저히 낮았기 때문에 퇴비화 기간이 지연되었다. 퇴비화 35일 동안 누적 암모니아 휘산량은 Alum-L와 Alum-H 처리구에서 대조구에 비해 각각 31, 78% 감소되었다. Alum 처리는 돈분 퇴비 중 인산을 난용성 인산으로 전환시켜 수용성 인산의 함량을 현저히 감소 시켰다. 따라서 돈분의 퇴비화에 있어 Alum 첨가는 퇴비화 과정에서 질소 손실을 감소시키고, 농경지 활용시 인산 유출량을 저감 할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

Keywords

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