ALGAE

The Korean Society of Phycology (한국조류학회(藻類))
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Diversity of Micro-algae and Cyanobacteria on Building Facades and Monuments in India

  • Published : 2008.06.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Fifty seven taxa of Cyanobacteria and 15 taxa of Chlorophyta were recorded from the exterior of buildings and rock surfaces of monuments in different regions in India. Four cyanobacteria, e.g. Chroococcidiopsis kashayi, Pseudophormidium indicum, Plectonema puteale and Scytonema geitleri, and the green alga Trentepholia abietina var. tenue occur on the sub-aerial habitats throughout the year. In addition, five other green algae: Chlorococcum infusionum, Scenedesmus arcuatus, Trentepholia aurea, Gloeocystis polydermatica and Printzina effusa, and 18 other cyanobacteria taxa of the genera Chroococcus (5), Asterocapsa (1), Cyanosarcina (2), Gloeocapsa (7), Gloeothece (2) and Scytonema (1) occur on the sub-aerial surfaces enduring extreme temperature and desiccation during summer months of the tropics. During the rainy season, the warm and humid climatic regime coupled with availability of moisture supported an additional ten green algae and 29 cyanobacteria in eight and 17 genera, respectively. The green algal genera Klebsormidium, Stichococcus and Trebouxia, which are dominant in temperate regions, did not occur on the sub-aerial habitats in India, however, species of Gloeocapsa, Chroococcus, Chroococcidiopsis, Phormidium, Leptolyngbya, Nostoc, Scytonema, Chlorella and Trentepholia showed global occurrence in similar habitats.

Keywords

References

  1. Aboal M., Asencio A.D. and Lopez-Jimenez E. 2003. Morphological, ultra structural and ecological study of Asterocapsa divina Komárek (Chroococcaceae, Cyanobacteria) from a cave of Southeastern Spain. Algolog. Stud. 109: 57-65 https://doi.org/10.1127/1864-1318/2003/0109-0057
  2. Barberousse H., Tell G., Yepremian C. and Coute A. 2006. Diversity of algae and cyanobacteria growing on buildings facades in France. Algolog. Stud. 120: 81-105 https://doi.org/10.1127/1864-1318/2006/0120-0081
  3. Barberousse H., Rout B., Yepremian C. and Boulon G. 2007. An assessment of facades coatings against colonization by aerial algae and cyanobacteria. Building Environ. 42: 2555-2561 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2006.07.031
  4. Branco C.C.Z. and Junior O.N. 1996. Survey of stream macroalgae of eastern Atlantic rain forest of Sao Paulo State, South eastern Brazil. Algolog. Stud. 80: 35-57
  5. Brehm U., Gorbushina A.A. and Motterhead D. 2005. The role of microorganisms and biofilms in the breakdown and dissolution of quartz and glass. Paleogeogr. Paleoclimat. Paleoecol. 219: 117-129 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2004.10.017
  6. Crispim C.A., Gaylarde P.M. and Gaylarde C.C. 2003. Algal and cyanobacteria biofilms on calcareous historic buildings. Curr. Microbiol. 46: 79-82 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-002-3815-5
  7. Crispim C.A., Gaylarde C.C. and Gaylarde P.M. 2004. Biofilms on churchs walls in Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil, with special attention to cyanobacteria. Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad. 54: 121-124 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2004.03.001
  8. Crispim C.A., Gaylarde P.M., Gaylarde C.C. and Neilan B.A. 2006. Deteriogenic cyanobacteria on historic buildings in Brazil detected by culture and molecular techniques. Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad. 57: 239-243 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2006.03.001
  9. Desikachary T.V. 1959. Cyanophyta: Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, 686 pp
  10. Darienko T. and Hoffmann L. 2003. Algal growth on cultural monuments in Ukraine. Biologia Bratislava 58: 575-587
  11. Gaylarde C.C. and Gaylarde P.M. 2005. A comparative study of the major microbial biomass of biofilms on exteriors of buildings in Europe and Latin America. Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad. 55: 131-139 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2004.10.001
  12. Gaylarde C.C., Gaylarde P.M., Copp J. and Neilon B. 2004. Polyphasic detection of cyanobacteria in terrestrial biofilms. Biofouling 20: 71-79 https://doi.org/10.1080/08927010410001681237
  13. Gaylarde C.C. and Morton L.H.G. 1999. Deteriogenic biofilms on buildings and their control: a review. Biolfouling 14: 59-74 https://doi.org/10.1080/08927019909378397
  14. Gaylarde P.M, Englert G., Ortega-Morales O. and Gaylarde C.C. 2006. Lichen - like colonies of pure Trentepohlia on limestone monuments. Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad. 58: 119-123 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2006.05.005
  15. Gaylarde P.M and Gaylarde C.C. 2000. Algae and cyanobacteria on painted buildings in Latin America. Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad. 46: 93-97 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0964-8305(00)00074-3
  16. Gomez S.R., Johansen J.R. and Lowe R.L. 2003. Epilithic aerial algae of Great Smoky Mountains national park. Biologia, Bratislava 58: 603-615
  17. Hindak F. 1977. Studies on the Chlorococcal algae/ Chlorophyceae: VEDA. Publishing House of the Slovak Academy of Sceence, Bratislava, 186 pp
  18. Hrouzek P. and Soun J. 2004. Some finds of subaerophytic cyanobacteria on wetted walls of La Palma (Canary islands). Czech Phycology Olomouc 4: 155-162
  19. Klochkova T.A. and Kim G.H. 2005. Ornamented resting spores of a green alga, Chlorella sp., collected from the stone standing Buddha statue at Jungnon Miruksazi in Korea. Algae 20: 295-298 https://doi.org/10.4490/ALGAE.2005.20.4.295
  20. Komarek J. and Fott B. 1983. Das Phytoplankton des SuBwassers, 7. Teil: E. Schweizerbart' Sche Verlagsbuchhandlung. Stuttgart, 1001 pp
  21. Kovacik L. 2000. Cyanobacteria and algae as agents of biodeterioration of stone substrate of historical buildings and other cultural monuments. In: Choi S. and Suh M. (eds), Proceedings of the New Millennium International Forum on Conservation of Cultural Property, Daejeon, Korea. pp. 44-58
  22. Krishnamurthy V. 1998. Algae of India and neighbouring countries I. Chlorophycota, Oxford and IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 205 pp
  23. Mishra P.K. and Srivastava A.K. 2003. Some desmids (Chlorophyceae) from North - Eastern Uttara Pradesh, India. J. Ind. Bot. Soc. 82: 85-92
  24. Noguerol-Seoane A. and Rifon-Lastra A. 2003. Spatial and temporal distribution of Cyanoprokaryota in edified granite walls. Taxonomical consideration. Algolog. Stud. 109: 443-454 https://doi.org/10.1127/1864-1318/2003/0109-0443
  25. Ortega - Calvo J.J., Sanchez-Castillo P.M. and Hernandez- Marine M. 1993. Isolation and characterization of epilithic chlorophytes and cyanobacteria from two Spanish cathedrals (Salamanca and Toledo). Nova Hedwigia 57: 239-253
  26. Ortega - Morales B.O., Gaylarde C.C., Englert G.E. and Gaylarde P.M. 2005. Analysis of salt - containing biofilms on limestone buildings of the Mayan culture at Edzna, Mexico. Geomicrobiol. J. 22: 261-268 https://doi.org/10.1080/01490450500182524
  27. Pattanaik B. and Adhikary S.P. 2002. Blue-green algal flora at some archaeological sites and monuments of India. Feddes Repertor. 113: 289-300 https://doi.org/10.1002/1522-239X(200208)113:3/4<289::AID-FEDR289>3.0.CO;2-O
  28. Peraza Zurita Y., Cultrone G., Sanchez-Castillo P., Sebastian E. and Bolivar F. C. 2005: Microalgae association with deteriorated stone work of the fountain of Bibatauin in Granada, Spain. Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad. 55: 55-61 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2004.05.006
  29. Philipose M.T. 1967. Chlorococcales: Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, 345 pp
  30. Rindi F. and Guiry M.D. 2004. Composition and spatial variability of terrestrial algal assemblages occurring at the base of urban walls in Europe. Phycologia 43: 225-235 https://doi.org/10.2216/i0031-8884-43-3-225.1
  31. Rindi F and Lopez-Bautista J.M. 2007. New and interesting records of Trentepohlia (Trentepohliales, Chlorophyta) from French Guiana, including the description of two new species. Phycologia 46: 698-708 https://doi.org/10.2216/06-88.1
  32. Rindi F., Sherwood A.R. and Guiry M.D. 2005. Taxonomy and distribution of Trentepohlia and Printzina (Trentepohliales, Chlorophyta) in the Hawaiian Islands. Phycologia 44: 270-284 https://doi.org/10.2216/0031-8884(2005)44[270:TADOTA]2.0.CO;2
  33. Rippka R. Deruelles J, Waterbury J.B, Herdman M and Stanier R.Y. 1979. Generic assignments, strain histories and properties of pure cultures of cyanobacteria. J. Gen. Microbiol. 111: 1-61 https://doi.org/10.1099/00221287-111-1-1
  34. Thompson R.H. 1959. Fresh Water Biology. In: Edmondson W.T. (ed.), Algae. Chapman and Hall Ltd., London. pp. 115- 168
  35. Tilden J. 1910. Minnesota Algae: Vol. l. The Myxophyceae of North America and adjacent regions including Centeral America, Greenland, Bermuda, West Indies and Hawaii. The University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA, 328 pp
  36. Tomaselli L., Lamenti G., Bosco M. and Tiano P. 2000. Biodiversity of photosynthetic micro - organisms dwelling on stone monuments. Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad. 46: 251-258 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0964-8305(00)00078-0
  37. Tripathi S.N. 1984. Observation on subaerial blue-green algae from the campus of the Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi - l. J. Sci. Res. 34: 179-185
  38. Tripathi S.N., Tiwari B.S. and Talpasayi E.R.S. 1991. Growth of cyanobacteria (blue green algae) on urban buildings. Energy Build. 15-16: 499-505
  39. Tripathy P., Roy A., Anand N. and Adhikary S.P. 1999. Blue green algal flora from the temples and monuments of India. Feddes Repertor. 110: 133-144
  40. Uher B., Aboal M. and Kovácik L. 2005. Epilithic and chasmoendolithic phycoflora of monuments and buildings in southeastern Spain. Cryptogamie Algologie 26: 275-358
  41. Videla H.A., Guiamet P.S. and Gomez de Saravia S.G. 2000. Bioterioration of Mayan archaeological sites in the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad. 46: 335-341 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0964-8305(00)00106-2
  42. West W. and West G.S. 1905. A Monograph of the British Desmidiaceae. The Ray Society, London, 204 pp

Cited by

  1. Assessment of biological colonization of historic buildings in the former Auschwitz II-Birkenau concentration camp vol.64, pp.2, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13213-013-0716-8
  2. Euendolithic activity of the cyanobacterium Chroococcus lithophilus Erc. In biodeterioration of the Pyramid of Caius Cestius, Rome, Italy vol.100, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2015.01.019
  3. Diversity of cyanobacteria on rock surfaces vol.24, pp.4, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-015-0890-z
  4. The distribution and three newly reported species of aerial algae at Mt. Gwanggyo, Korea vol.37, pp.4, 2014, https://doi.org/10.5141/ecoenv.2014.035
  5. A colony-forming microorganism with probable affinities to the Chroococcales (cyanobacteria) from the Lower Devonian Rhynie chert vol.219, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2015.04.003
  6. Diversity of an aerial phototrophic coating of historic buildings in the former Auschwitz II-Birkenau concentration camp vol.493, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.05.113
  7. Colonising organisms as a biodegradation factor affecting historical wood materials at the former concentration camp of Auschwitz II – Birkenau vol.86, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2013.08.004
  8. Silver nanoparticles as a control agent against facades coated by aerial algae—A model study of Apatococcus lobatus (green algae) vol.12, pp.8, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0183276
  9. Diversity of cyanobacteria on stone monuments and building facades of India and their phylogenetic analysis vol.90, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2014.01.014
  10. The nature of the black deposit occurring in solution hollows on the limestone pavement of the Burren, Co. Clare vol.114B, pp.2, 2014, https://doi.org/10.3318/bioe.2014.11
  11. Biological colonization and biodeterioration of architectural ceramic materials: An overview vol.16, pp.5, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2015.01.006
  12. Unexpected High Diversity of Terrestrial Cyanobacteria from the Campus of the University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan vol.5, pp.4, 2017, https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms5040069
  13. Aerobiology and passive restoration of biological soil crusts pp.1573-3025, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10453-018-9539-1
  14. (Hapalosiphonaceae, Cyanobacteria) from the El-Farafra Oasis (Western Desert, Egypt) vol.56, pp.6, 2017, https://doi.org/10.2216/16-107