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Health Risk Assessment of Occupants in the Small-Scale Public Facilites for Aldehydes and VOCs

일부 미적용 다중이용시설의 실내 공기 중 알데히드류 및 휘발성유기화합물 노출로 인한 건강위해성 평가

  • Yang, Ji-Yeon (The Institute for Environmental Research, Yonsei University) ;
  • Kim, Ho-Hyun (The Institute for Environmental Research, Yonsei University) ;
  • Shin, Dong-Chun (Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Yonsei University) ;
  • Kim, Yoon-Shin (Institute of Enviornmental and Industrial Medicine, Hanyang University) ;
  • Sohn, Jong-Ryeul (Department of Environmetal Health, College of Health Sciences, Korea University) ;
  • Lim, Jun-Hwan (The Institute for Environmental Research, Yonsei University) ;
  • Lim, Young-Wook (The Institute for Environmental Research, Yonsei University)
  • 양지연 (연세대학교 환경공해연구소) ;
  • 김호현 (연세대학교 환경공해연구소) ;
  • 신동천 (연세대학교 의과대학 예방의학교실) ;
  • 김윤신 (한양대학교 환경 및 산업의학연구소) ;
  • 손종렬 (고려대학교 보건과학대학) ;
  • 임준환 (연세대학교 환경공해연구소) ;
  • 임영욱 (연세대학교 환경공해연구소)
  • Published : 2008.01.31

Abstract

This study was to assess the lifetime cancer and non-cancer risk of exposure of worker and user at public facilities in Korea to volatile organic compounds (VOCs). We measured the concentrations of two aldehydes and five VOCs in indoor air at 424 public buildings that 8 kinds of public facilities (70 movie theaters, 86 offices, 86 restaurants, 70 academies, 22 auditoriums, 30 PC-rooms, 30 singing-rooms and 30 bars) all over the country. There were estimated the human exposure dose and risks with averages of the using-time and frequency for facility users and office workers, respectively. Carcinogens (formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and benzene) were estimated the lifetime excess cancer risks (ECRs). non-carcinogens (toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, and styrene) were estimated the hazard quotients (HQs). The average ECRs of formaldehyde and benzene for facility worker and user were $1{\times}10^{-3}{\sim}1{\times}10^{-4}\;and\;1{\times}10^{-4}{\sim}1{\times}10^{-5}$ level, respectively, in all facilities. HQs of four non-carcinogens did not exceed 1.0 for all subjects in all facilities. The estimated ECRs for restaurant and auditorium were the highest, and the PC-room and bar were the next higher facilities. Furthermore, people in a smoking facility had the highest cancer risk. Higher ECRs of formaldehyde and benzene were observed in indoor smoking facilities such as restaurant and auditorium. Higher HQs of toluene and xylene were observed at the restaurant and office building.

Keywords

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