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Physicochemical Properties of Carrot Juice Fermented by Leuconostoc mesenteroides SM

김치젖산균에 의한 당근 발효음료의 물리화학적 성질

  • Jo, Sun-Ja (Dept. of Food Science and Technology, Keimyung University) ;
  • Oh, Soo-Myung (Traditional Microorganism Resources Center, Keimyung University) ;
  • Jang, Eun-Kyung (Traditional Microorganism Resources Center, Keimyung University) ;
  • Hwang, Ki (Dept. of Food Science and Technology, Keimyung University) ;
  • Lee, Sam-Pin (Dept. of Food Science and Technology, Keimyung University)
  • 조순자 (계명대학교 자연과학대학 식품가공학과) ;
  • 오수명 (계명대학교 전통미생물자원개발 및 산업화연구센터) ;
  • 장은경 (계명대학교 전통미생물자원개발 및 산업화연구센터) ;
  • 황기 (계명대학교 자연과학대학 식품가공학과) ;
  • 이삼빈 (계명대학교 자연과학대학 식품가공학과)
  • Published : 2008.02.29

Abstract

Leuconostoc mesenteroides SM isolated from a raw carrot was used for the fermentation of carrot juice (CJ). Lactic acid fermentation of CJ was performed at $25^{\circ}C$ for 24 hr with $0{\sim}20%$ sucrose concentration, resulting in the production of mucilage. The fermented CJ showed the complete conversion of sugar into dextran after fermentation for 24 hr in the presence of sucrose below 15% concentration. With 15% sucrose, the fermented CJ had pH 3.8, 0.9% acidity, consistency index of $3.5\;Pa{\cdot}s^n$. After cold storage for 3 weeks, fermented CJ showed slight increase in acidity and relatively constant value in pH; however, the consistency index, red color value and viable cell counts were slightly decreased for 3 weeks. The ${\beta}-carotene$ content in CJ was drastically decreased by lactic acid fermentation for 24 hr, indicating $72\;{\mu}g/mL$ as compared to $142\;{\mu}g/mL$. The fermented CJ had improved body texture, red color and stability without sedimentation.

본 연구에서는 당근을 이용하여 점질물 생성이 우수한 젖산균을 당근주스로부터 분리한 후 당근 발효음료 제조의 최적화를 수행하였으며, 발효 당근음료에 대한 물리화학적 성질 및 저장 안정성을 평가하였다. 당근 생즙으로부터 분리된 점질물 생성 젖산균은 16S rDNA sequencing에 의해 Leuconostoc mesenteroides SM으로 동정되었다. Dextran의 최적생산을 위하여 $0{\sim}20%$(w/v)의 sucrose를 첨가한 당근 주스를 $25^{\circ}C$에서 24시간 발효한 결과, sucrose 농도 15%(w/v)일 때 발효 당근음료의 점조도가 $3.5\;Pa{\cdot}s^n$으로 최대치를 나타내었으며, pH 3.8, 산도 0.88%를 나타내었다. 최적 조건에서 발효한 당근발효음료의 저장성을 알아보기 위하여 $4^{\circ}C$에서 4주 동안 저장한 결과 pH 및 산도는 변화가 없었으나, 점조도 값은 약간의 감소를 나타내었다. 발효 및 저장 기간 중의 ${\beta}-carotene$ 함량의 변화는 발효 전에는 $142\;{\mu}g/mL$에서 24시간 발효 후에는 $72\;{\mu}g/mL$으로 49% 파괴율을 나타내었다. 냉장 저장 1주에는 $54\;{\mu}g/mL$로 약간의 감소를 보였으나 그 이후에는 큰 변화가 없었다. 따라서 젖산균을 이용하여 당근주스의 젖산발효를 수행하는 경우 탄소원 sucrose를 첨가함으로써 dextran을 생성할 수 있고, 이는 당근 발효음료의 침전물 억제 및 물성 개선을 할 수 있었다. 특히, 당근발효음료는 냉장 저장 4주 동안에도 색, 맛, 풍미, 물성 및 기능성을 유지하는 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

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