A Study on Development of Activated Carbons from Waste Timbers

폐벌목(廢伐木)을 이용(利用)한 활성탄(活性炭) 개발(開發)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究)

  • Kim, Jong-Moon (Department of Environmental Engineering, The University of Suwon) ;
  • Chung, Chan-Kyo (Department of Environmental Engineering, The University of Suwon) ;
  • Min, Byong-Hoon (Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, The University of Suwon)
  • 김종문 (수원대학교 환경공학과) ;
  • 정찬교 (수원대학교 환경공학과) ;
  • 민병훈 (수원대학교 화학공학과)
  • Published : 2008.12.27

Abstract

Using a Pinus koraiensis and Pinus rigida which are normally being discarded in South Korea, optimal conditions of producing activated carbons have been studied to recycle as a higher value-added product. This study consists of two processes, the production process of charcoals from waste timbers by low temperature pyrolysis and the production process of activated carbons from the charcoals by chemical activation reaction. This paper deals with the production process of activated carbons from the charcoals by chemical activation reaction. As an alkali has been generally used as an activating agent, KOH and NaOH which react well with a carbon were used in this study. As a result of the experiments, it is confirmed that activated carbons made with KOH treatment had superior values in physicochemical properties to NaOH, showing that there was no remain of KOH at the surface of the charcoals while there was $3{\sim}4%$ of NaOH remaining after the experiments. Thus, it is concluded that KOH reacted more actively with a charcoal than NaOH. Moreover, it was also found that values in physicochemical properties when using a Pinus koraiensis are superior to the ones when using a Pinus rigida. The optimal mixing ratio of an activating agent to a charcoal was 400 wt.%. To improve the physicochemical properties, activated carbons were washed out by distilled water after neutralization with SM hydrochloric acid solution. When activated carbons were produced from a Pinus koraiensis in this optimal conditions, value of BET surface area was found to be approx. $2400\;m^2/g$.

국내에서 대표적으로 버려지는 폐벌목인 잣나무와 리기다소나무를 이용하여 고부가가치 제품으로 활용할 수 있는 활성탄 개발을 위해 활성탄 제조의 최적조건을 측정하였다. 폐벌목 활성탄 제조에 관한 연구는 저온열분해 공정에 의한 폐벌목의 목탄 제조공정과 화학적 활성화 반응을 이용한 목탄의 활성탄 제조공정으로 나누어지며 본 논문은 화학적 활성화 반응을 이용한 목탄의 활성탄 제조공정을 다루고 있다. 일반적으로 활성화제는 알칼리 약품을 이용하고 있으며 본 연구에서는 탄소와 활성화 반응이 잘 이루어지는 KOH와 NaOH를 사용하였다. 실험결과, KOH로 제조된 활성탄이 NaOH로 제조된 활성탄 보다 요오드 흡착력과 비표면적(BET) 등 물성이 우수하였으며 이는 세정공정 후 활성탄의 잔류물이 KOH는 검출되지 않았으나 NaOH는 $3{\sim}4%$의 잔류물이 있는 것으로 보아 목탄과 KOH의 반응이 더 활발함을 알 수 있었다. 일반적으로 잣나무를 이용하여 제조된 활성탄의 물성치가 리기다소나무를 이용한 활성탄 보다 우수함을 알 수 있었다. 목탄과 활성화제의 최적 침적비율은 400 wt.%임을 알 수 있었다 세정방법은 5M 염산용액으로 세척하여 중화시킨 후 증류수로 세정하는 방법이 활성탄의 물성을 높일 수 있었다. 본 연구의 최적 실험조건에서 잣나무를 이용하여 제조된 활성탄의 경우 BET값이 약 $2400\;m^2/g$에 이르렀다.

Keywords

References

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