Korean journal of applied entomology (한국응용곤충학회지)

Korean Society of Applied Entomology (한국응용곤충학회)
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Biological Control of Tobacco Cutworm, Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) by Steinernematid and Heterorhabditid Entomopathogenic Nematodes

Steinernematid와 Heterorhabditid 곤충병원성 선충을 이용한 담배거세미나방 (Spodoptera litura)의 생물적 방제

  • Kim, Hyeong-Hwan (Horticultural Environment Division, National Horticultural Research Institute) ;
  • Cho, Sung-Rae (Division of Technology Service, Gyeongnam Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Choo, Ho-Yul (Department of Applied Biology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Lee, Sang-Myeong (Southern Forest Research Center, Korea Forest Research Institute) ;
  • Jeon, Heung-Yong (Horticultural Environment Division, National Horticultural Research Institute) ;
  • Lee, Dong-Woon (Department of Applied Biology, Kyungpook National University)
  • 김형환 (원예연구소 원예환경과) ;
  • 조성래 (경남농업기술원 기술지원과) ;
  • 추호렬 (경상대학교 응용생물환경학과, 농업생명과학연구원) ;
  • 이상명 (국립산림과학원 남부산림연구소) ;
  • 전흥용 (원예연구소 원예환경과) ;
  • 이동운 (경북대학교 생물응용학과)
  • Published : 2008.12.30
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Abstract

Five effective strains against tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Steinernema carpocapsae (GSN1), Steinernema sp. (GSNUS-10), Steinernema sp. (GSNUS-14), Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Hamyang (HbH), and Heterorhabditis sp. (GSNUH-1) were selected among 14 isolates of Korean entomopathogenic nematode in laboratory tests. $LC_{50}$ values of above five strains against tobacco cutworm were various by different nematode strains and developmental stages of tobacco cutworm. $LC_{50}$ value of S. carpocapsae (GSN1) was the lowest by $4.0{\sim}8.3$ infective juveniles (Ijs) and 2nd instars of tobacco cutworm was most susceptible. Pathogenicity of five effective strains against tobacco cutworm depends on nematode strain, concentration, and application times. The most effective strain was determined as S. carpocapsae (GSN1). Two or three times of applications were effective regardless of nematode strain, or concentration. Efficacy of S. carpocapsae (GSN1), Steinernema (GSNUS-10), Steinernema (GSNUS-14), and Heterorhabditis (GSNUH-1) was variable depending on nematode strain, concentration, application times, and host variety. S. carpocapsae (GSN1) was the most effective and inoculation of 100,000 infective juveniles per m2 (720,000 Ijs/7.2 $m^2=1{\times}10^9$ Ijs/ha) resulted in higher efficacy. Three times of application of nematodes led to higher control efficacy than one or two applications. Efficacy of nematodes was higher on Chinese cabbage than cabbage or kale.

14계통의 한국산 steinernematid와 heterorhabditid 선충들의 담배거세미나방에 대한 실내 병원성 검정 결과, Steinernema carpocapsae (GSN1), Steinernema sp. (GSNUS-10), Steinernema sp. (GSNUS-14), Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Hamyang (HbH), Heterorhabditis sp. (GSNUH-1) 5계통들을 선발하였다. 곤충병원성 선충 5계통들은 담배거세미나방에 대한 반수치사농도($LC_{50}$)를 조사한 결과, 2령충이 가장 감수적이었고, S. carpocapsae (GSN1) 계통이 4.0-8.3 마리로 가장 낮았다. 곤충병원성 선충 5계통들의 pot에서의 병원성 실험결과 선충 계통이나 처리농도 및 처리횟수에 따라 차이가 있었다. 1회 살포보다 2-3회 살포 시 병원성이 높았으며 3회 살포를 제외하고는 처리 농도가 높을수록 병원성이 높았다. 시설 내 배추, 양배추 및 케일 포장에서 S. carpocapsae (GSN1) 계통과 Steinernema sp. (GSNUS-14), Heterorhabditis (GSNUH-1) 계통의 담배거세미나방에 대한 방제효과는 선충 계통이나 처리농도, 처리횟수 및 엽채류의 종류에 따라 다양하게 나타났다. 선충 계통 간에는 S. carpocapsae GSN1이 방제효과가 높았고, 처리농도는 $m^2$당 100,000마리(720,000마리/7.2 $m^2=1{\times}109$마리/ha)가 다른 두 농도처리보다 높았다. 처리횟수에서는 3회 처리가 1회와 2회 처리보다 높았고, 엽채류 종류에 따라서는 배추에서의 병원성이 양배추나 케일에서보다 높았다.

Keywords

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