Causes of Right Middle Lobe Syndrome -Recent Experience in Local Tertiary Hospital for Several Years-

우중엽증후군의 원인 -최근 수년간 지역 3차 병원의 경험-

  • Kim, Hyun Ok (Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Ma, Jeong Eun (Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Lee, Seung Jun (Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Cho, Yu Ji (Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Jeong, Yi Yeong (Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Jeon, Kyoung-Nyeo (Department of Diagnostic Radiology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Kim, Ho Cheol (Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Lee, Jong Deok (Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Hwang, Young Sil (Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University)
  • 김현옥 (경상대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 마정은 (경상대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 이승준 (경상대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 조유지 (경상대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 정이영 (경상대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 전경녀 (경상대학교 의과대학 진단방사선과) ;
  • 김호철 (경상대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 이종덕 (경상대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 황영실 (경상대학교 의과대학 내과학교실)
  • Received : 2007.01.15
  • Accepted : 2007.03.06
  • Published : 2007.03.30

Abstract

Background: Right middle lobe syndrome (RMLS) is defined as transient or chronic and recurrent atelectasis of the right middle lobe. Although numerous conditions are associated with RMLS, there are very few recent reports in Korea. This study evaluated the causes of RMLS in a local tertiary hospitalover a period of 42 months. Method: Eighty-eight patients (M:F=64:22, mean age: $67.2{\pm}10.3years$), who had consistent chest radiography findings and underwent bronchoscopy in Gyeongsang University Hospital from January 2003 to July 2006, were enrolled in this study. The clinical characteristics and causes of RMLS in these patients were retrospectively reviewed. Results: The most common symptoms fo RMLS were cough, dyspnea and sputum. Tuberculosis was the most common cause (endobronchial tuberculosis in 22 and pulmonary tuberculosis in 1) The other causes were bronchial stenosis by benign fibrotic changes in 22 cases (25%), anthracofibrosis in 13 cases (14.8%), pneumonia in 11 cases (12.5%), lung cancer in 10 cases (11.4%), mucus impaction in 3 cases (3.4%), bronchiectasis in 2 cases (2.3%) and no demonstrable causes in 7 cases (8%). The bronchoscopy findings were mucosal edema with hyperemic changes in 38 cases (43.2%), mucosal edema with anthracotic pigmentation in 16 cases (18.2%), mucus impaction in 13 cases (14.8%), fibrotic stenosis in 13 cases (14.8%), a mass like lesion in 8 cases (9.1%), exudative necrotic material in 4 cases (4.5%), narrowing as a result of extrinsic compression in 2 cases (2.3%) and no demonstrable abnormalities in 12 cases (13.6%). Conclusion: Right middle lobe syndrome was observed more frequently in patients over the age of 65. The causes were mainly benign diseases with endobronchial tuberculosis being the most common.

배 경: 우중엽증후군은 반복적이고 만성적인 우중엽의 허탈을 나타내는 질환으로 그 원인은 매우 다양하다. 최근 국내에서 우중엽증후군의 원인에 대한 발표는 부족한 실정이어서 저자들은 최근 수년간 지역 3차 병원에서 경험한 우중엽증후군의 원인과 임상적 특징을 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법: 2003년 1월부터 2006년 7월까지 경상대학교 병원에 내원하여 흉부 단순촬영 또는 전산화 단층촬영에서 우중엽증후군이 의심되어 기관지내시경 검사를 시행한 88명의 환자(남:여=22:64, 평균연령: $67.2{\pm}10.3$)를 대상으로 그 원인과 임상적 특징을 후향적으로 조사하였다. 결 과: 1) 여자가 64예(72.7%)로 남자보다 많았고 연령별 빈도에서 65세 이상의 고령환자가 58예로 65.9%를 차지하였다. 2) 임상 증상은 기침이 30예(34.1%)로 가장 흔하게 나타났고, 호흡곤란 21예(23.9%), 객담 15예(17.0%), 객혈 11예(12.5%), 흉부통증과 전신 쇠약감이 각각 5예(5.7%)에서 나타났으며, 증상이 없이 우연히 발견된 경우가 8예(9.1%)였다. 3) 흉부 방사선 촬영에서는 무기폐 49예(55.7%), 폐경화 43예(48.9%), 종괴 4예(4.5%) 소견을 보였다. 4) 기관지내시경 검사 소견에서 충혈을 동반한 점막 부종 38예(43.2%), 탄분증을 동반한 점막 부종 16예(18.2%), 점액 매복(mucus impaction) 13예(14.8%), 섬유성 협착 10예(11.4%), 종괴 8예(9.1%), 삼출성 조직 괴사 4예(4.5%), 외인성 압박에 의한 협착 2예(2.3%), 정상 12예(13.6%)로 나타났다. 5) 원인 질환은 결핵이 23예(26.1%, 기관지 결핵 22예, 폐결핵 1예)로 가장 많았고, 염증성 변화에 의한 양성 협착 22예(25%), 탄분섬유화증 13예(14.8%), 폐렴 11예(12.5%), 폐암 10예(11.4%), 점액 매복 3예(3.4%), 기관지 확장증 2예(2.3%), 특별한 이상이 발견되지 않은 경우가 7예(8.0%)이었다. 결 론: 본 연구에서 우중엽증후군은 65세 이상의 환자에서 흔하게 관찰되었으며, 원인은 대부분 양성질환이었고, 그 중 기관지 결핵이 가장 흔한 원인이었다.

Keywords

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