High mobility group B1(HMGB1)과 LPS의 염증유발효과 차이의 비교 및 HMGB1에 의한 IL-8 promoter 자극 기전의 규명

Proinflammatory Effects of High Mobility Group B1 (HMGB1) Versus LPS and the Mechanism of IL-8 Promoter Stimulation by HMGB1

  • 전은주 (중앙대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 곽희원 (중앙대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 송주한 (중앙대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 이영우 (중앙대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 정재우 (중앙대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 최재철 (중앙대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 신종욱 (중앙대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 박인원 (중앙대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 최병휘 (중앙대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 김재열 (중앙대학교 의과대학 내과학교실)
  • Jeon, Eun Ju (Department of Internal Medicine, ChungAng University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kwak, Hee Won (Department of Internal Medicine, ChungAng University College of Medicine) ;
  • Song, Ju Han (Department of Internal Medicine, ChungAng University College of Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Young Woo (Department of Internal Medicine, ChungAng University College of Medicine) ;
  • Chung, Jae Woo (Department of Internal Medicine, ChungAng University College of Medicine) ;
  • Choi, Jae Chul (Department of Internal Medicine, ChungAng University College of Medicine) ;
  • Shin, Jong Wook (Department of Internal Medicine, ChungAng University College of Medicine) ;
  • Park, In Won (Department of Internal Medicine, ChungAng University College of Medicine) ;
  • Choi, Byoung Whui (Department of Internal Medicine, ChungAng University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Jae Yeol (Department of Internal Medicine, ChungAng University College of Medicine)
  • 투고 : 2007.02.08
  • 심사 : 2007.03.20
  • 발행 : 2007.04.30

초록

배경: HMGB1은 염증반응의 후기에 분비되는 중요한 염증유발물질 중 하나이다. 본 연구에서는 기존에 염증유발물질로 잘 알려진 LPS와 새롭게 염증유발물질로 관심을 받고 있는 HMGB1의 염증유발작용을 생체 외 및 생체 내 실험을 통해 비교하고자 하였다. 또한 HMGB1의 자극에 의한 IL-8 promoter region의 활성화에 중요한 역할을 수행하는 전사인자들을 확인하고자 하였다. 방법: RAW264.7 세포에 LPS(100 ng/ml) 또는 HMGB1(500 ng/ml)을 투여하고 각각 0, 2, 4, 8, 12 그리고 24시간 뒤에 세포상층액의 $TNF-{\alpha}$, MIP-2 그리고 $IL-1{\beta}$의 농도를 ELISA법으로 측정하였다. 생쥐의 복강에 LPS(5 mg/kg) 또는 HMGB1(2.5 mg/kg)을 주입하여 급성폐손상을 유발한 후에 폐의 사이토카인의 발현과 MPO 활성도를 측정하였다(LPS는 4시간 뒤, HMGB1은 24 시간 뒤). IL-8 promoter 부위에 있는 NF-IL6, $NF-{\kappa}B$ 그리고 AP-1에 대한 결합부위에 대해 돌연변이를 일으킨 후에 각각의 돌연변이체를 pIL-6luc에 결합시킨 뒤 RAW264.7 세포에 삽입하였다. 이 세포들을 36시간 배양한 후에 HMGB1(500 ng/ml)으로 자극하고, 한 시간 뒤에 세포를 녹인 후 luciferase 활성도를 측정하였다. 결과: LPS 투여 후에 RAW264.7 세포 배양상층액의 $TNF-{\alpha}$농도는 24시간 뒤에, MIP-2 농도는 8시간 뒤에 최고치를 보였다. 한편 HMGB1 투여 후에는 $TNF-{\alpha}$와 MIP-2 농도 모두 24시간 뒤에 최고치를 나타내었다. LPS 복강 내 투여 후 4시간 뒤에 생쥐의 폐의 $TNF-{\alpha}$, MIP-2 그리고 $IL-1{\beta}$의 농도는 대조군에 비해 현저히 증가하였으나, HMGB1 복강 내 투여 후 24시간 뒤에 생쥐의 폐에서는 $IL-1{\beta}$의 농도만 약간 증가하였다. MPO 활성도는 LPS와 HMGB1 투여 후에 모두 증가하였으며, LPS 투여 후가 더 의미있게 증가하였다. $NF-{\kappa}B$ 돌연변이체와 AP-1 돌연변이체에서 luciferase 활성도가 의미있게 감소하였다. 결론: 이상의 결과를 살펴볼 때 HMGB1은 염증유발효과는 LPS에 비해 강도가 떨어지나 지속시간은 오래 계속되는 것으로 보이며, HMGB1에 의한 IL-8의 활성화에 $NF-{\kappa}B$ 뿐만 아니라 AP-1도 중요한 역할을 수행하는 것으로 판단된다.

Background: High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a novel, late mediator of inflammation. This study compared the pro-inflammatory effects of LPS and HMGB1. The transcriptional factors that play an important role in mediating the HMGB1-induced stimulation of IL-8 were also evaluated. Methods: RAW264.7 cells were stimulated with either LPS (100 ng/ml) or HMGB1 (500 ng/ml). The $TNF-{\alpha}$, MIP-2 and $IL-1{\beta}$ levels in the supernatant were evaluated by ELISA at 0, 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24h after stimulation. An acute lung injury was induced by an injection of LPS (5 mg/kg) or HMGB1 (2.5 mg/kg) into the peritoneum of the Balb/c mice. The lung cytokines and MPO activity were measured at 4h (for LPS) or 24h (for HMGB1) after the injection. The transcriptional factor binding sites for NF-IL6, $NF-{\kappa}B$ and AP-1 in the IL-8 promoter region were artificially mutated. Each mutant was ligated with pIL-6luc and transfected into the RAW264.7 cells. One hour after stimulation with HMGB1 (500 ng/ml), the cell lysate was analyzed for the luciferase activity. Results: The expression of MIP-2, which peaked at 8h with LPS stimulation, increased sequentially until 24h after HMGB1 stimulation. An intraperitoneal injection of HMGB1, which induced a minimal increased in $IL-1{\beta}$ expression, provoked the accumulation of neutrophils the lung. A mutation of AP-1 as well as $NF-{\kappa}B$ in the IL-8 promoter region resulted in a lower luciferase activity after HMGB1 stimulation. Conclusion: The proinflammatory effects of HMGB1, particularly on IL-8, are mediated by both $NF-{\kappa}B$ and AP-1.

키워드

참고문헌

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