References
- Marel M. Zrustova M. Stasny B. Light RW. The incidence of pleural effusion in a well-defined region. Epidemiologic study in central Bohemia. Chest 1993; 104:1486-9 https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.104.5.1486
- Light RW, Macgregor MI, Luchsinger PC, Ball WC Jr. Pleural effusion: the diagnostic separation of transudates and exudates. Ann Intern Med 1972;77:507-13 https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-77-4-507
- Romero S, Fernandez C, Arriero JM, Espasa A, Candela A, Martin C, et al. CEA, CA 15-3 and CYFRA 21-1 in serum and pleural fluid of patients with pleural effusions. Eur Respir J 1996;9:17-23
- Villena V, Lopez-Encuentra A, Echave-Sustaeta J, Martin-Escribano P, Ortuno-de-Solo B, Estenoz-Alfaro J. Diagnostic value of CA 72-4, carcinoembryonic antigen, CA 15-3, and CA 19-9 assay in pleural fluid. A study of 207 patients. Cancer 1996;78:736-40 https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0142(19960815)78:4<736::AID-CNCR7>3.0.CO;2-C
- Gabay C, Kushner I. Acute-phase proteins and other systemic responses to inflammation. N Engl J Med 1999;340:448-54 https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199902113400607
- Mackiewicz A, Speroff T, Ganapathi MK, Kushner I. Effect of cytokine combinations on acute phase protein production in two human hepatoma cell lines. J Immunol 1991;146:3032-7
- Grove CS, Lee YC. Vascular endothelial growth factor: the key mediator in pleural effusion formation. Curr Opin Pulm Med 2002;8:294-301 https://doi.org/10.1097/00063198-200207000-00009
- Brown LF, Detmar M, Claffey K, Nagy JA, Feng D, Dvorak AM, et al. Vascular permeability factor/ vascular endothelial growth factor: a multifunctional angiogenic cytokine. EXS 1997;79:233-69
- Bouchon A, Dietrich J, Colonna M. Inflammatory responses can be triggered by TREM-1, a novel receptor expressed on neutrophils and monocytes. J Immunol 2000;164:4991-5 https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.164.10.4991
- Bouchon A, Facchetti F, Weigand MA, Colonna M. TREM-1 amplifies inflammation and is a crucial mediator of septic shock. Nature 2001;410:1103-7 https://doi.org/10.1038/35074114
- Gibot S, Cravoisy A, Levy B, Bene MC, Faure G, Bollaert PE. Soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells and the diagnosis of pneumonia. N Engl J Med 2004;350:451-8 https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa031544
- Richeldi L, Mariani M, Losi M, Maselli F, Corbetta L, Buonsanti C, et al. Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells: role in the diagnosis of lung infections. Eur Respir J 2004;24:247-50 https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.04.00014204
- Gibot S, Massin F, Le Renard P, Bene MC, Faure GC, Bollaert PE, et al. Surface and soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1: expression patterns in murine sepsis. Crit Care Med 2005; 33:1787-93 https://doi.org/10.1097/01.CCM.0000172614.36571.75
- Gibot S, Kolopp-Sarda MN, Bene MC, Cravoisy A, Levy B, Faure GC, et al. Plasma level of a triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1: its diagnostic accuracy in patients with suspected sepsis. Ann Intern Med 2004;141:9-15 https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-141-1-200407060-00009
- Gibot S, Cravoisy A, Kolopp-Sarda MN, Bene MC, Faure G, Bollaert PE, et al. Time-course of sTREM (soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells)-1, procalcitonin, and C-reactive protein plasma concentrations during sepsis. Crit Care Med 2005; 33:792-6 https://doi.org/10.1097/01.CCM.0000159089.16462.4A
- Gibot S, Le Renard PE, Bollaert PE, Kolopp-Sarda MN, Bene MC, Faure GC, et al. Surface triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 expression patterns in septic shock. Intensive Care Med 2005; 31:594-7 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-005-2572-x
- Valdes L, San Jose E, Alvarez D, Sarandeses A, Pose A, Chomon B, et al. Diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy using the biologic parameters adenosine deaminase, lysozyme, and interferon gamma. Chest 1993;103: 458-65 https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.103.2.458
- Light RW. Pleural diseases. 4th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2001
- Maskell NA, Butland RJ. BTS guidelines for the investigation of a unilateral pleural effusion in adults. Thorax 2003;58 Suppl 2:ii8-17 https://doi.org/10.1136/thx.58.suppl_2.ii8
- Kim SH, Lee WY, Park JY, Park HS, Han HK, Ju HS, et al. Diagnostic value of C-reactive protein and vascular endothelial growth factor in differentiation of pleural effusions. Tuberc Respir Dis 2003;55:467-77 https://doi.org/10.4046/trd.2003.55.5.467
- Bleharski JR, Kiessler V, Buonsanti C, Sieling PA, Stenger S, Colonna M, et al. A role for triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 in host defense during the early-induced and adaptive phases of the immune response. J Immunol 2003;170:3812-8 https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.170.7.3812
- Meisner M. Biomarkers of sepsis: clinically useful? Curr Opin Crit Care 2005;11:473-80 https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ccx.0000176694.92883.ce
- Romero-Candeira S, Hernandez L, Romero-Brufao S, Orts D, Fernandez C, Martin C. Is it meaningful to use biochemical parameters to discriminate between transudative and exudative pleural effusions? Chest 2002;122:1524-9 https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.122.5.1524
- Shin MK, Ham HS, Lee WD, Cho YJ, Jeong YY, Kim HC, et al. The diagnostic usefulness of pleural fluid adenosine deaminase with lymphocyte/neutrophil ratio in tuberculous pleural effusion. Tuberc Respir Dis 2004;57:132-7 https://doi.org/10.4046/trd.2004.57.2.132
- Light RW, Girard WM, Jenkinson SG, George RB. Parapneumonic effusions. Am J Med 1980;69:507-12 https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9343(80)90460-X
- Hamm H, Light RW. Parapneumonic effusion and empyema. Eur Respir J 1997;10:1150-6 https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.97.10051150
- Rahman NM, Chapman SJ, Davies RJ. The approach to the patient with a parapneumonic effusion. Clin Chest Med 2006;27:253-66 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccm.2005.12.005
- Phua J, Koay ES, Zhang D, Tai LK, Boo XL, Lim KC, et al. Soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 in acute respiratory infections. Eur Respir J 2006;28:695-702 https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.06.00005606