Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases

The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases (대한결핵및호흡기학회)
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Relationship between Pleural Adenosine Deaminase Level and Patterns of Pleural Enhancement in Patients with a Tuberculous Pleural Effusion on CT Scan

결핵성흉막염 환자에서 흉수 내 아데노신 탈아민효소(Adenosine deaminase)의 활성도와 CT에서 흉막의 조영증강 양상과의 연관성

  • Lee, Hwa Yeun (Department of Diagnosis Radiology, Hospital of Chung Ang University)
  • 이화연 (중앙대학교 의과대학 용산병원 영상의학과학교실)
  • Received : 2007.02.08
  • Accepted : 2007.05.08
  • Published : 2007.06.30
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Abstract

Background: This study examined the relationship between the pleural adenosine deaminase (ADA) level and the patterns of pleural enhancement in patients with a tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE) shown on a CT scan. Methods: The charts and CT findings of 44 patients with TPE from February 2002 to October 2006 were reviesed retrospectively. A diagnosis of TPE was made by the pleural ADA level with a follow-up (24/44), sputum smear or culture of sputum (16/44), pleural fluid culture (3/44) or pleural biopsy (1/44). The patients were divided into two groups according to the ADA level(Group I [n=12]: 40-70, Group II [n=32]: >70 U/L). The presence or absence, maximal thickness and patterns of pleural enhancement were analyzed. The pattern of pleural enhancement was classified into diffuse or focal, smooth or irregular and interrupted or continuous. The difference in CT findings between groups I and group II were analyzed using an unpaired T test, Chi-square test and Z test. Results: All 44 patients showed diffuse pleural enhancement on the CT scans. The maximal pleural thickness of groups I and II was $1.83{\pm}1.03mm$ (1-4 mm) and $3.63{\pm}1.78mm$ (1-8 mm), respectively (p =0.0002). Pleural thickening ${\geq}5mm$ was only demonstrated in 31.3% of patients in group II (10/32). Diffuse interrupted pleural thickening was noted in 91.7% (11/12) of patients in group I and 62.5% (20/32) in group II, respectively. Diffuse continuous pleural thickening was observed in 8.3% (1/12) of patients in group I and 37.5% (12/32) in group II, respectively (p=0.0748). Conclusion: Pleural thickening ${\geq}5mm$ on the contrast enhanced CT is rare in patients with lymphocyte-dominant TPE in whom the pleural ADA level is between 40-70 U/L.

배 경: 결핵성흉막염환자에서 흉수 내 아데노신 탈아민효소(ADA) 활성도와 CT에서 흉막의 조영증강 양상과의 연관성에 대해 알아보고자 하였다.방 법: 2002년 2월부터 2006년 10월까지 결핵성흉막염으로 진단되고 동시에 조영증강 CT를 시행한 44명을 후향적으로 분석하였다. 결핵성흉막염의 진단은 흉수 내 ADA활성도와 추적검사(24/44), 객담도말이나 배양(16/44), 흉막배양(3/44), 그리고 흉막조직검사(1/44)로 얻었다. 흉수 내 ADA활성도 값이 40-70 U/L인 환자는 I군(12명)으로, 71 U/L이상인 환자는 II군(32명)으로 분류하였다. CT에서 흉막의 조영증강 유무, 최대 흉막두께, 조영증강의 양상을 분석하였다. 흉막의 조영증강 양상은 미만성(diffuse)인지 국소성(focal)인지, 매끈(smooth)한지 불규칙(irregular)한지, 혹은 단절성(Interrupted)인지 연속적(continuous)인지로 나누어 분석하였다. I군과 II군 사이에 CT 소견의 차이가 있는지를 분석하였다. 통계적 방법은 T 검정, 카이제곱검정 그리고 비율의 검정을 사용하였다.결 과: 44명 모두 CT에서 흉막의 조영증강이 관찰되었다. I군과 II군의 흉막의 최대 두께는 각 $1.83{\pm}1.03mm$ (1-4 mm), $3.63{\pm}1.78mm$ (18 mm)이어서 유의한 차이가 있었다(p= 0.0002). 특히, I군의 흉막비후의 두께는 모든 예에서 4 mm 이하이었고, 5 mm 이상으로 흉막이 두꺼워진 경우는 II군에서만 31.3%(10/32) 있었다. I군은 미만성이고 단절성인 흉막비후(diffuse, interrupted pleural enhancement)를 보인 예가 91.7% (11/12), 미만성이고 연속적인 흉막비후를 보인 예가 8.3%(1/12)있었고, II군은 각각 62.5%(20/32), 37.5% (12/32) 있었다. I군보다 미만성이고 연속적인 흉막비후(diffuse and continuous pleural enhancement)를 보인 예가 II군에서 많았으나 통계적 유의성은 없었다(p=0.0748).

Keywords

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