Estimation of Nonpoint Source Pollutant Loads for Rural Watershed by AvSWAT

AvSWAT를 이용한 농촌유역 비점원 오염물질 부하량 예측

  • Kim, Jin-Ho (Division of Environment & Ecology, National Institute of Agricultural Science & Technology, RDA) ;
  • Lee, Jong-Sik (Division of Environment & Ecology, National Institute of Agricultural Science & Technology, RDA) ;
  • Kim, Won-Il (Division of Environment & Ecology, National Institute of Agricultural Science & Technology, RDA) ;
  • Jung, Goo-Bok (Division of Environment & Ecology, National Institute of Agricultural Science & Technology, RDA) ;
  • Han, Kuk-Heon (Division of Environment & Ecology, National Institute of Agricultural Science & Technology, RDA) ;
  • Ruy, Jong-Su (Division of Environment & Ecology, National Institute of Agricultural Science & Technology, RDA) ;
  • Kim, Suk-Cheol (Division of Research Management, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Yun, Sun-Gang (Division of Research Management, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Lee, Jeong-Taek (Division of Environment & Ecology, National Institute of Agricultural Science & Technology, RDA) ;
  • Kwun, Soon-Kuk (Department of Landscape Architecture & Rural System Engineering, Seoul National University)
  • 김진호 (농업과학기술원 환경생태과) ;
  • 이종식 (농업과학기술원 환경생태과) ;
  • 김원일 (농업과학기술원 환경생태과) ;
  • 정구복 (농업과학기술원 환경생태과) ;
  • 한국헌 (농업과학기술원 환경생태과) ;
  • 류종수 (농업과학기술원 환경생태과) ;
  • 김석철 (농촌진흥청 연구관리과) ;
  • 윤순강 (농촌진흥청 연구관리과) ;
  • 이정택 (농업과학기술원 환경생태과) ;
  • 권순국 (서울대학교 조경.지역시스템공학부)
  • Received : 2007.01.17
  • Accepted : 2007.02.05
  • Published : 2007.02.28

Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the characteristics of nonpoint source pollutants discharge from a small rural watershed. A typical rural area in Gongju City, Korea, was selected as the research site. Water quality and quantity in streams and rainfall samples were analyzed periodically from May to October 2005. Pollutant loads were estimated from a nonpoint source pollution model (AvSWAT, Arcview Soil and Water Assessment Tool). During the rainy season, from June 26 to 30 September 2005 and the dry season, before 26 June and after 30 September 2005, biological oxygen demands and chemical oxygen demands accounted for 91.3% and 93.7% of annual load, respectively, while total-N and total-P were 97.1% and 91.1% of annual load, respectively. The observed stream flow was $66.5m^3sec^{-1}$, while simulation stream flow was $66.2m^3sec^{-1}$. That can be assumed that simulation can be used to estimate the stream flow without practical measurement. However, the runoff trend following the occurrence of a storm event was not recorded properly.

유역관리모형은 유역내 비점원 오염부하를 예측하고, 서로 다른 오염원과 토지이용형태에 따른 영향을 판단하는데 사용 되어진다. 많은 모형들이 비점원오염의 예측이 가능하지만, 각기 서로 다른 한계를 갖고 있다. 모델의 선택의 연구목적과 축적된 가용자료에 부합해야 한다. 최근 한국에서는 SWAT모형이 농촌유역의 비점원오염 유출을 예측하기 위해서, 많이 이용되고 있다. 대부분의 자료들이 GIS를 이용하여 자동적으로 생성되지만, 일부 자료들은 농민들과 연구자들을 통해 직접 수집해야 한다. AvSWAT모형에 의해 시뮬레이션된 유량과 관측유출은 매우 좋은 결과를 나타내었다. 그러나 유출은 경향은 주로 강우와 물부족기간에 의해 그 경향을 따라간다. AvSWAT 모형을 농촌유역에 적용하여 유출을 평가한 결과 모델치는 1023.3 mm이고, 관측치는 967.4 mm인 것으로 나타났다. 또한 수질의 경우 모델치와 관측치의 결정계수는 인이 질소보다 더 높은 값(0.79)을 보여주고 있었다.

Keywords

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