References
- Moller P, Knudsen LE, Loft S, Wallin H. The Comet assay as a rapid test in biomonitoring occupational exposure to DNA damaging agents and effect of confounding factors. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2000; 9(10): 1005-1015
- Singh NP, McCoy MT, Tice RR, Schneide EL. A simple technique for quantification of low levels of DNA damage in individual cells. Exp Cell Res 1988; 175(1): 184-191 https://doi.org/10.1016/0014-4827(88)90265-0
- Tice RR, Agurell E, Anderson D, Burlinson B, Hartmann A, Kobayashi H, Miyamae Y, Rojas E, Ryu JC, Sasaki YF. Single cell gel Comet assay: Guidelines for in vitro and in vivo genetic toxicology testing. Environ Mol Mutagen 2000; 35(3): 206-221 https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1098-2280(2000)35:3<206::AID-EM8>3.0.CO;2-J
- Hartmann A, Agurell E, Beevers C, Brendler- Schwaab S, Burlinson B, Clay P, Collins A, Smith A, Speit G, Thybaud V, Tice RR. Recommendations for conducting the in vivo alkaline Comet assay. Mutagenesis 2003; 18(1): 45-51 https://doi.org/10.1093/mutage/18.1.45
- Singh NP, Danner DB, Tice RR, Pearson JD, Brant LJ, Morrell CH, Schneider EL. Basal DNA damage in individual human lymphocytes with age. Mutat Res 1991; 256(1): 1-6 https://doi.org/10.1016/0921-8734(91)90026-8
- Hartmann A, Plapperet U, Raddatz K, Grunert- Fuchs M, Speit G. Does physical activity induce DNA damage? Mutagenesis 1994; 9(3): 269- 272 https://doi.org/10.1093/mutage/9.3.269
- Hartmann A, Pfuhler S, Dennog C, Germdnik D, Pilger A, Speit G. Exercise-induced DNA effects in human leukocytes are not accompanied by increased formation of 8- hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine or induction of micronuclei. Free Radical Biol Med 1998a; 24(2): 245-251 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0891-5849(97)00249-9
- Dhawan A, Mathur N, Kishore Seth P. The effect of smoking and eating habits on DNA damage in Indian population as measured in the Comet assay. Mutat Res 2001; 474(1-2): 121- 128 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0027-5107(00)00171-8
- Nakayama T, Kaneko M, Kodama M, Nagata C. Cigarette smoke induces DNA single-strand breaks in human cells. Nature 1985; 314(6010): 462-464 https://doi.org/10.1038/314462a0
- Fielding S, Short C, Davies K, Wald N, Bridges BA, Waters R. Studies on the ability of smoke from different types of cigarettes to induce single-strand breaks in cultured human cells. Mutat. Res 1989; 214(1): 147-151 https://doi.org/10.1016/0027-5107(89)90208-X
- Leanderson P, Tagesson C. Cigarette tar promotes neutrophil-induced DNA damage in cultured lung cells. Environ. Res 1994; 64(2): 103-111 https://doi.org/10.1006/enrs.1994.1009
- Hess RD, Brandner G. DNA damage by filtered, tar-and aerosol-free cigarette smoke in rodent cells: A novel evaluation. Toxicol. Lett 1996; 88(1-3): 9-13
- Poli P, Buschini A, Spaggiari A, Rizzoli V, Carlo-Stella C, Rossi C. DNA damage by tobacco smoke and some antiblastic drugs evaluated using Comet assay. Toxicology 1999; 108(2-3): 267-276
- Frenzilli G, Betti C, Davini T, Desideri M, Fornai E, Giannessi L, Maggiorelli F, Paoletti P, Barale R. Evaluation of DNA damage in leukocytes of ex-smokers by single cell gel electrophoresis. Mutat Res 1997; 375(2): 117-123 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0027-5107(97)00007-9
- Kopjar N, Zeljezic D, Garaj-Vrhovac V. Evaluation of DNA damage in white blood cells of healthy human volunteers using the alkaline comet assay and the chromosome aberration test. Acta Biochimica Polonica 2006; 53(2): 321-336
- Wojewodzka M, Kruszewski M, Iwanenko T, Collins AR, Szumiel I. Lack of adverse effect of smoking habit on DNA strand breakage and base damage, as revealed by the alkaline Comet assay. Mutat Res 1999; 440(1): 19-25 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1383-5718(99)00014-5
- Park EJ, Kang MH. Application of the alkaline Comet assay for detecting oxidative DNA damage in human biomonitoring. Korean Nutri Soc 2002; 35(2): 213-222 (Korean)
- Ji S, Oh E, Sul D, Choi JW, Park H, Lee E. DNA damage of lymphocytes in volunteers after 4 hour use of mobile phone. J Prev Med Public Health 2004; 37(4): 373-380 (Korean)
- Kassie F, Parzefall W, Knasmoller S. Single cell gel electrophoresis assay: A new technique for human biomonitoring studies. Mutat Res 2000; 463(1): 13-31 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1383-5742(00)00041-7
- McKelvey-Martin VJ, Green MHL, Schmezer P, Pool-Zobel BL, De Meo MP, Collins A. The single cell gel electrophoresis assay (Comet assay): A European review. Mutat Res 1993; 288(1): 47-63 https://doi.org/10.1016/0027-5107(93)90207-V
- Fairbairn DW, Olive PL, O'Neill KL. The Comet assay: A comprehensive review. Mutat Res 1995; 339(1): 37-59 https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-1110(94)00013-3
- Rojas E, Lopez MC, Valverde M. Single cell gel electrophoresis assay: Methodology and applications. J Chromatography 1999; 722(1- 2): 225-254 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4347(98)00313-2
- Hellman B, Friis L, Vaghef H, Edler L. Alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis and human biomonitoring for genotoxicity: A study on subjects with residential exposure to radon. Mutat Res 1999; 442(2): 121-132 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1383-5718(99)00083-2
- Lee E, Oh E, Lee J, Sul D, Lee J. Use of the Tail Moment of the lymphocytes to evaluate DNA damage in human biomonitoring studies. Toxicol Sci 2004; 81(1): 121-132 https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfh184
- Betti C, Davini T, Giannessi L, Loprieno N, Barale R. Comparative studies by Comet test and SCE analysis in human lymphocytes from 200 healthy subjects. Mutat Res 1995; 343(4): 201-207 https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-1218(95)90015-2
- Hughes CM, Mckelvey-Martin VJ, Lewis SEM. Human sperm DNA integrity assessed by the Comet and ELISA assay. Mutagenesis 1999; 14(1): 71-75 https://doi.org/10.1093/mutage/14.1.71
- Pitarque M, Vaglenov A, Nosko M, Hirvonen A, Norppa H, Creus A, Marcos R. Evaluation of DNA damage by the Comet assay in shoe workers exposed to toluene and other organic solvents. Mutat Res 1999a; 441(1): 115-127 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1383-5718(99)00042-X
- Pitarque M, Creus A, Marcos R, Hughes JA, Anderson D. Examination of various biomarkers measuring genotoxic endpoints from Barcelona airport personnel. Mutat. Res. 1999b; 440(2): 195-204 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1383-5718(99)00026-1
- Somorovska M, Jahnova E, Tulinska J, Zamecnikova M, Sarmanova J, Terenova A, Vodickova L, Liskova A, Vallova B, Soucek P, Hemminki K, Norppa H, Hirvonen A, Tates AD, Fuortes L, Dusinska M, Vodicka P. Biomonitoring of occupational exposure to styrene in a plastics lamination plant. Mutat. Res 1999; 428(1-2): 255-269 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1383-5742(99)00052-6
- Hoffmann H, Hogel J, Speit G. The effect of smoking on DNA effects in the comet assay: A meta-analysis. Mutagenesis 2005; 20(6): 455- 466 https://doi.org/10.1093/mutage/gei064
- Piperakis SM, Visvardis EE, Sagnou M, Tassiou AM. Effects of smoking and aging on oxidative DNA damage of human lymphocytes. Carcinogenesis 1998; 19(4): 695-698 https://doi.org/10.1093/carcin/19.4.695
- Rupa DS, Reddy PP, Reddi OS. Frequencies of chromosomal aberrations in smokers exposed to pesticides in cotton fields. Mutat Res 1989; 222(1): 37-41 https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-1218(89)90033-5
- Sram RJ, Podrazilova K, Dejmek J, Mrackova G, Pilcik T. Single cell gel electrophoresis assay: Sensitivity of peripheral white blood cells in human population studies. Mutagenesis 1998; 13(1): 99-103 https://doi.org/10.1093/mutage/13.1.99
- Hartmann A, Fender H, Speit G. Comparative biomonitoring study of workers at a waste disposal site using cytogenetic tests and the Comet(single cell gel) assay. Environ Mol Mutagen 1998b; 32(2): 17-24 https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1098-2280(1998)32:1<17::AID-EM2>3.0.CO;2-8
- Lebailly P, Vigreux C, Lechevrel C, Ledemeney D, Godard T, Sichel F, LeTalaer JY, Henry-Amar M, Gauduchon P. DNA damage in mononuclear leukocytes of farmers measured using the alkaline comet assay: Discussion of critical parameters and evaluation of seasonal variations in relation to pesticide exposure. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 1998; 7(10): 917-927