한(韓)·중(中) 화금자기(畵金磁器) 금채기법(金彩技法)에 대한 비교(比較) 조사(調査) 및 가채(加彩) 실험(實驗)

Comparative Study and Coloring Test for the Technique of Korean and Chinese Gold-painted porcelain

미술부에서는 "한·중 도자교류전" 연구집에 개제할 목적으로 소장품 중 한·중 금채자기의 금채기법을 보존과학팀에 조사의뢰하였다. 대상 소장품은 금을 사용하여 도자기 유약 층을 장식한 개성 106 청자상감수하원문금채편호 고려청자 1점과 중국 송나라시기에 제작된 본관 10011 천목다완, 본관2027 시유초화접문화금완, 덕수3322시유완이다. 조사 결과, 금채장식의 안정화 방법은 고운 금분에다 매용제 성분을 혼합하여 채식을 한 후 저온에서 번조한 것은 유사하였지만, 채식처리방법에서는 다소 차이가 있었다. 즉, 고려 화금청자는 화려한 상감기법 위에 세필로 일일이 금채장식을 하였다면 중국 화금자기는 아무런 장식이 없는 도자기 유약면에 나비나 당초문을 스텐실 기법으로 장식한 것이 큰 차이이다. 이런 조사결과에 따라 일부 박락된 금채 부분을 새롭게 복원한 결과, 제작 당시 화금자기가 얼마나 화려한 자기이었는지를 확인할 수가 있었다.

The Department of Fine Art requested the conservation science team to examine the technique of painting with gold powder on the gold painted porcelains, which were made in Korea and China, among the items possessed by National Museum of Korea in order to publish it in the research paper collection of the Exchange Exhibition of Korea and China Porcelains. Among the items possessed by National Museum of Korea, such items were included as, an item of Koryo inlaid celadon (No. Gaesung 106), called the celadon with inlaid work (Korean name: Cheongjasanggam suhawonmun geumchaepyunho), which was decorated in the layer of glaze using gold power, an items of tea cup called "Temmku da wan" (No. Bongwan 10011), which was manufactured in the time of Song dynasty of Chinese history, an items of gold cup called "Siyuchohwamun hwageumwan" (No. Bongwan 2027), and an items of a porcelain called "Siyuwan" (No. Duksoo 3322). As the result of the examination, the stabilizing method of baking the decorated porcelains is similar, after they are painted with the pigment mixed with fine gold powder and the glaze solvent, but the treatment method of the colors is a little different among them. In other words, there is a big difference between them, for example, in the case of Koryo celadon, because the gold coloring was painted carefully one by one on the splendid decorations of inlaid works, while in the case of Chinese porcelains, butterflies or arabesque designs are decorated on the layer of the glaze in the porcelains of no decoration, using the stencil skill. According to the result of this examination, the part of the porcelain, whose layer of gold color was peeled off, could be restored, and as the result of the restoration, it was confirmed how beautiful and splendid the gold porcelain had been at the time of being manufactured.