Structural Engineering and Mechanics

  • 제26권3호
  • /
  • Pages.231-250
  • /
  • 2007
  • /
  • 1225-4568(pISSN)
  • /
  • 1598-6217(eISSN)
테크노프레스 (Techno-Press)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Experimental investigation of infilled r/c frames with eccentric openings

  • Kakaletsis, D. (Technological Educational Institution of Serres, Terma Magnesias) ;
  • Karayannis, C. (Laboratory of Reinforced Concrete, Department of Civil Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace)
  • 투고 : 2006.03.29
  • 심사 : 2006.11.09
  • 발행 : 2007.06.20
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

The influence of masonry infills with eccentric openings on the seismic performance of reinforced concrete (r/c) frames that were designed in accordance with current code provisions are investigated. Eight 1/3-scale, single-story, single-bay frame specimens were tested under cyclic horizontal loading up to a drift level of 4%. In all examined cases the shear strength of columns was higher than the cracking shear strength of solid infill. The parameters investigated include the shape and the location of the opening. Assessment of the behavior of the frames is also attempted, based on the observed failure modes, strength, stiffness, ductility, energy dissipation capacity and degradation from cycling loading. Based on these results there can be deduced that masonry infills with eccentrically located openings has been proven to be beneficial to the seismic capacity of the bare r/c frames in terms of strength, stiffness, ductility and energy dissipation. The location of the opening must be as near to the edge of the infill as possible in order to provide an improvement in the performance of the infilled frame.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Bertero, V.V. and Brokken, S.T. (1983), 'Infills in seismic resistant buildings', Proc. ASCE, 109, ST6
  2. Combescure, D. and Pegon, P. (2000), 'Application of the local-to-global approach to the study of infilled frame structures under seismic loading', Nuclear Eng. Des., 196, 17-40 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0029-5493(99)00228-9
  3. Comite Euro-International du Beton (CEB) (1996), RC Frames under Earthquake Loading - State of the Art Report. Chapter 5: Reinforced Concrete Infilled Frames, Thomas Telford, London, 231-303
  4. C3ES Report (1995), Behaviour Study of Masonry Infilled Reinforced Concrete Frames, Test of Models MD3 and MD4, Relatorio 48/95 and 70/95, LNEC, Lisbon C3ES Report
  5. Dawe, J.L. and Young, T.C. (1985), 'An investigation of factors influencing the behavior of masonry infill in steel frames subjected to in-plane shear', Proc. of the 7th Int. Brick Masonry Corf., Melbourne, Australia
  6. Dolsek, M. and Fajfar, P. (2002), 'Mathematical modelling of an infilled RC frame structure based on the results of pseudo-dynamic tests', Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 31, 1215-1230 https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.154
  7. Dritsos, S.E. (2005), 'Seismic retrofit of buildings. A greek perspective', Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering, 38(3), September 165-181
  8. EN 998-2 (2001), Specification for Mortar for Masonry, European Committee for Standardization, Brussels
  9. Fardis, M.N. (1996), Experimental and Numerical Investigations on the Seismic Response of RIC Infilled Frames and Recommendationsfor Code Provisions, LNEC, Lisbon, ECOESTIPREC 8 Technical report No.6
  10. Fardis, M.N. and Panagiotakos, T.B. (1997), 'Seismic design and response of bare and masonry-infilled reinforced concrete buildings. Part II: Infilled structures', J. Earthq. Eng., 1(3), 475-503 https://doi.org/10.1142/S1363246997000180
  11. FEMA 306 (1999), Evaluation of Earthquake Damaged Concrete and Masonry Wall Buildings - Basic Procedures Manual. Chapter 8: Infilled Frames, Prepared by ATC, California, 183-213
  12. FEMA 356 (2000), Prestandard and Commentary for the Seismic Rehabilitation of Buildings. Chapter 7: Masonry, Washington, DC, 7.23-7.29
  13. Fiorato, A.E., Sozen, M.A. and Gambel, W.L., (1970), 'An investigation of the interaction of reinforced concrete frames with masonry filler walls', Civil Engineering Studies, University of Illinois, Urbana. IL, Struct. Res. Series, 370, 117
  14. Freeman, S.A (1994), 'The oakland experience during lorna prieta-case histories', Proc. of the NCEER Workshop on Seismic Response of Masonry Infills, D.P. Abrams editor, National Center for Earthquake Engineering Research, Technical Report NCEER-94-0004, 1-63 to 1-68
  15. Gergely, P., White, R.N. and Mosa1am, K.M. (1994), 'Evaluation and modeling of infilled frames', Proc. of the NCEER Workshop on Seismic Response of Masonry Injills, D.P. Abrams editor, National Center for Earthquake Engineering Research, Technical Report NCEER-94-0004, 1-51 to 1-56
  16. Hamburger, R.O. and Chakradeo, A.S. (1993), 'Methodology for seismic capacity evaluation of steel-frame buildings with infill unreinforced masonry', Proc. of the 1993 National Earthquake Conference, Earthquake Hazard Reduction in the Central and Eastern United States: A Timefor Examination and Action, Memphis, Tennessee, II 173-182
  17. Kakaletsis, D.J. and Karayannis, C.G. (2003), 'An experimental investigation of RIC frames infilled with masonry walls containing openings, under cyclic loading', Proc. of the 14th Hellenic Conf. on Concrete Structures, Technical Chamber of Greece, Kos, A 474-483. (in Greek)
  18. Karayannis, C.G, Kakaletsis, D.J. and Favvata, M.J. (2005), 'Behaviour of bare and masonry infilled RIC frames under cyclic loading. Experiments and analysis', Proc. of Fifth Int. Conf. on Earthquake Resistant Engineering Structures, Wessex Institute of Technology, Un. of Patras, Aristote1e Un. of Thessaloniki, National Technical Un. of Athens, Skiathos, 429-438
  19. Kariotis, J., Guh, T.J., Hart, G.C., Hill, J.A. and Youssef, N.F.G (1994), 'Simulation of the recorded response of unreinforced (URM) infill buildings', Proc. ofthe NCEER Workshop on Seismic Response ofMasonry Injills, D.P. Abrams editor, National Center for Earthquake Engineering Research, Technical Report NCEER-94-0004, 1-57 to 1-62
  20. Mallick, D.V. and Garg, R.P. (1971), 'Effect of openings on the lateral stiffness of infilled frames', Proc. Ins. Civil Eng., 49, 193-209
  21. Mander, J.B. and Nair, B. (1994), 'Seismic resistance of brick-infilled steel frames with and without retrofit', Masonry Soc. J., 12(2), 24-37
  22. Mehrabi, A.B., Shing, P.B., Schuller, M.P. and Noland, IL. (1996), 'Experimental evaluation of masonry-infilled RC frames', J. Struct. Eng., March, 122, 228-237 https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1996)122:3(228)
  23. Mosalam, K.M., Gergely, P. and White, R. (1994), 'Performance and analysis of frames with URM infills', Proc. of the Eleventh Electronic Computation Conference Held in Conjunction with ASCE Structures Congress '94 and International Symposium '94, Atlanta, Georgia, 57-66
  24. Negro, P., Anthoine, A., Combescure, D., Magonette, G., Molina, I., Pegon, P. and Verzeletti, G. (1995), Tests on the Four-storey Full Scale Reinforced Concrete Frame with Masonry Injills, Preliminary Report, ELSA, Joint Research Centre, Ispra Special Publication No 1.95.54
  25. Papia, M., Cavaleri, L. and Acardy, M. (2002), 'Response of infilled reinforced concrete frames under horizontal loads', 12th European Conference on Earthquake Engineering, London, Paper Reference 607
  26. Shing, P.B., Mehrabi, A.B., Shuller, M. and Noland, J. (1994), 'Experimental evaluation and finite element analysis of masonry-infilled RIC frames', Proc., Conf. on Anal. and Computation, ASCE, New York, N.Y., 84-93

피인용 문헌

  1. Strength and Stiffness of Masonry-Infilled Frames with Central Openings Based on Experimental Results vol.139, pp.6, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000717
  2. Seismic behaviour of full-scale hollow bricks-infilled RC frames under cyclic loads vol.15, pp.7, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-016-0074-6
  3. Experimental evaluation of seismic performance of low-shear strength masonry infills with openings in reinforced concrete frames with deficient seismic details vol.23, pp.15, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1002/tal.1115
  4. Designing infilled reinforced concrete frames with the ‘strong frame-weak infill’ principle vol.123, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2016.05.024
  5. A new strut model for solid masonry infills in steel frames vol.135, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2016.10.048
  6. A simplified procedure for Nonlinear Static analysis of masonry infilled RC frames vol.101, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2015.07.023
  7. Development of a detailed 3D FE model for analysis of the in-plane behaviour of masonry infilled concrete frames vol.143, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.04.049
  8. Influence of Openings, With and Without Confinement, on Cyclic Response of Infilled R-C Frames — An Experimental Study vol.18, pp.1, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1080/13632469.2013.817362
  9. Mathematical micromodeling of infilled frames: State of the art vol.56, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2013.08.010
  10. The effect of infill walls on the seismic behavior of boundary columns in RC frames vol.10, pp.3, 2016, https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2016.10.3.539
  11. Numerical simulation for in-plane behaviour of perforated framed masonry panels vol.18, pp.sup2, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1179/1432891714Z.000000000496
  12. Effect of Infills on Seismic Performance of Reinforced Concrete Frame structures—A Full-Scale Experimental Study 2017, https://doi.org/10.1080/13632469.2017.1387194
  13. Experimental Response of Reinforced Concrete Frames With AAC Masonry Infill Walls to In-plane Cyclic Loading vol.3, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2015.06.005
  14. Calibration of a simplified macro-model for infilled frames with openings vol.21, pp.2, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1177/1369433217713923
  15. Experimental and Finite Element Analytical Investigation of Seismic Behavior of Full-Scale Masonry Infilled RC Frames vol.20, pp.7, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1080/13632469.2016.1138171
  16. Nonlinear analysis of RC structure with massive infill wall exposed to shake table vol.10, pp.4, 2016, https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2016.10.4.811
  17. A macro-modelling approach for the analysis of infilled frame structures considering the effects of openings and vertical loads vol.12, pp.5, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1080/15732479.2015.1030761
  18. Analytical modeling of masonry infills with openings vol.31, pp.4, 2009, https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2009.31.4.423
  19. Modelling of masonry infilled RC frames subjected to cyclic loads: State of the art review and modelling with OpenSees vol.150, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.07.002
  20. Analytical estimation of lateral resistance of low-shear strength masonry infilled reinforced concrete frames with openings 2017, https://doi.org/10.1002/tal.1452
  21. Seismic Rehabilitation of Substandard R.C. Buildings with Masonry Infills pp.1559-808X, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1080/13632469.2018.1453397
  22. Empirical drift-fragility functions and loss estimation for infills in reinforced concrete frames under seismic loading pp.1573-1456, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-018-0501-y
  23. Simplified assessment of maximum interstory drift for RC buildings with irregular infills distribution along the height pp.1573-1456, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-018-0473-y
  24. Seismic Performance of US-Code Conforming RC Moment Frames Constructed with Regularly Distributed Masonry Infills pp.1559-808X, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1080/13632469.2018.1493005
  25. Theoretical Analysis and Testing of Steel Frame with Cold-Formed Steel Shear Walls with Steel Sheathing vol.144, pp.7, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0002057
  26. How to reduce short column effects in buildings with reinforced concrete infill walls on basement floors vol.38, pp.2, 2007, https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2011.38.2.249
  27. In-plane behaviour and damage assessment of masonry infills with hollow clay bricks in RC frames vol.168, pp.None, 2007, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.04.065
  28. Effect of masonry infilled panels on the seismic performance of a R/C frames vol.16, pp.3, 2007, https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2019.16.3.329
  29. Empirical Models for Lateral Stiffness and Strength of Masonry-Infilled RC Frames Considering the Influence of Openings vol.146, pp.4, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)st.1943-541x.0002562
  30. A new procedure to determine equivalent strut of infill walls with openings for engineering applications vol.173, pp.8, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1680/jstbu.18.00113
  31. Effects of size and position of openings on in-plane capacity of unreinforced masonry walls vol.18, pp.10, 2007, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-020-00894-0
  32. Experimental study on the seismic behaviour of reinforced concrete frames with different infill masonry vol.72, pp.23, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1680/jmacr.18.00484
  33. Influence of Different Types of Infill Walls on the Hysteretic Performance of Reinforced Concrete Frames vol.11, pp.7, 2007, https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings11070310
  34. Development and Calibration of a 3D Micromodel for Evaluation of Masonry Infilled RC Frame Structural Vulnerability to Earthquakes vol.11, pp.11, 2021, https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences11110468
  35. Incremental inelastic dynamic damage analysis of MRRCFs infilled with masonry panels vol.44, pp.None, 2007, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2021.103282
  36. Numerical investigations on infilled frames and predictive formulae in the elastic regime vol.250, pp.None, 2007, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2021.113349