Journal of Animal Science and Technology

Korean Society of Animal Sciences and Technology (한국축산학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Study on Seasonal Variation in Semen Characteristics, Semen Cryopreservation and Artificial Insemination in Elk Deer

엘크 사슴의 계절에 따른 정액성상 변화, 정액 동결 및 인공수정에 관한 연구

  • Published : 2007.08.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study was designed to investigate the seasonal variation in semen characteristics and the change of motility during semen frozen/thawed, and conception rates were observed following AI at the different times after estrus synchronization. Semen collected from March to May showed significantly lower semen quality than the other months (P<0.05) and semen characteristics (volume, total sperm and motility) were significantly higher in October. Sperm motility after thawing in frozen semen were significantly lower in non-breeding season than in breeding season (P<0.05). Conception rate after treatment of estrus synchronization and AI different time after CIDR device removal, at 60 hour was higher than those of any other times through AI but there was no significantly difference between AI times. Semen characteristics change gradually during the breeding and non-breeding season. These results were considered as a model for the use of assisted reproductive techniques for AI of deer in Korea.

본 연구에서는 엘크 사슴의 계절별 정액성상 변화, 동결정액의 융해 후 활력 및 발정동기화 후 인공수정 시간이 수태율에 미치는 영향을 조사하여 효율적인 인공수정 방법을 제시코자 시도하였다. 수사슴에서 정액의 연중 변화는 정액량, 정자 농도, 총 정자 수 및 정자 활력은 7월부터 급격히 증가 되어 정액량과 총 정자 수 및 정자 운동성은 10월에 최고치에 달했고, 정자 농도는 9월에 가장 많은 것으로 조사 되었다. 그 후 정액량, 정자농도, 총 정자 수 및 정자 운동성은 점진적으로 감소하여 정액 양, 정자 농도는 4~6월, 총 정자 수는 4~5월 및 정자 운동성은 6월에 최저 수준으로 감소하였다.번식계절(9~2월)과 비번식계절(3~8월)의 정자 농도, 총 정자 수 및 정자 운동성은 번식계절이 유의적으로 높게 조사되었다(P<0.05). 번식계절과 비번식계절에 채취한 정액의 동결과정 중에 정자 운동성의 결과는 채취 직후, 5℃냉각 후 및 동결 융해 후 활력이 번식계절이 높은 것으로 조사 되었다(P<0.05).인공수정 시간에 따른 수태율은 CIDR 제거 후 60시간에 인공수정 한 처리구가 수태율이 다른 시간들 보다 다소 높았으나 유의적인 차이는 나타나지 않았다.이러한 연구 결과는 엘크 사슴에서 정액 생산과 인공수정을 수행함에 있어 유용한 자료로 이용 될 수 있으며, 발정동기화 후 호르몬 변화, 배란 및 수정 적기 등에 관한 연구가 추가적으로 수행되어야 할 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Asher, G. W., Berg, D. K. and Evans, G. 2000. Storage of semen and artificial insemination in deer. Anim. Reprod. Sci. 62:195-211 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4320(00)00159-7
  2. Asher, G. W., Berg, D. K., Beaumont, S., Morrow, C. J., O'Neill, K. T. and Fisher, M. W. 1996. Comparison of seasonal changes in reproductive parameters of adult male European fallow deer (Dama dama dama) and hybrid Mesopotamian European fallow deer (D. d. mesopotamica x D. d. dama). Ani. Reprod. Sci. 45:201-215 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4320(96)01577-1
  3. Asher, G. W., Adam, J. L., James, R. W. and Bames, D. 1988a. Artificial insemination of farmed fallow deer (Duma duma): fixed-time insemination at a synchronized oestrus. Anim. Prod. 47:487-492 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003356100003640
  4. Asher, G. W., Adam, J. L., Otway, W., Bowmar, P., Van. Reenan, G., Mackintosh, C. G. and Dratch, P. 1988b. Hybridization of Pere David's deer (Elaphurus davidianus) and red deer (Cervuselaphus) by artificial insemination. J. Zool. 215:197-203 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1988.tb04894.x
  5. Asher, G. W., Adam, J. L., James, R. W. and Bames, D. 1988c. Artificial insemination of farmed fallow deer (Duma duma): fixed-time insemination at a synchronized oestrus. Anim. Prod. 47:487-492 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003356100003640
  6. Asher, G. W., Day, A. M. and Barrell, G. K. 1987. Annual cycle of live weight and reproductive changes of farmed male fallow deer (Duma duma) and the effect of daily oral administration of melatonin in summer on the attainment of seasonal fertility. J. Reprod. Fertil. 79:353-362 https://doi.org/10.1530/jrf.0.0790353
  7. Asher, G. W., Fisher, M. W., Fennessy, P. F., Mackintosh, C. G., Jabbour, H. N. and Morrow, C. J. 1993. Oestrous synchronization, semen collection and artificial insemination of farmed red deer (Cervus elaphus) and fallow deer (Dama dama). Anim. Reprod. Sci. 33:241265
  8. Asher, G. W., Fisher, M. W., Jabbour, H. N., Smith, J. F., Mulley, R. C., Mulley, C. J., Veldhuizen, F. A and Langridge, M 1992a. Relationship between the onset of oestrus, the preovulatory surge in luteinizing hormone and ovulation following oestrus synchronization and superovulation of farmed red deer (Cervus elaph us). J. Reprod. Fertil. 96:261-273 https://doi.org/10.1530/jrf.0.0960261
  9. Asher, G. W., Morrow, C. J., Jabbour, H. N., Mulley, R. C, Veldhuizen, F. A. and Langridge, M. 1992b. Laparoscopic intra-uterine insemination of fallow deer with frozen-thawed or fresh semen after synchronisation with CIDR devices. N. Z. Vel. J. 40:8-14 https://doi.org/10.1080/00480169.1992.35689
  10. Asher, G. W., Kraemer, D. C., Magyar, S. J., Brunner, M., Moerbe, R. and Giaquinto, M. 1990. Intrauterine insemination of farmed fallow deer (Duma duma) with frozen-thawed semen via laparoscopy. Theriogenology. 34:569-577 https://doi.org/10.1016/0093-691X(90)90012-I
  11. Bowers, S. D., Brown, C. G., Strauch, T. A., Gandy, B. S., Neuendorff, D. A., Randel, R. D. and Willard, S. T. 2004. Artificial insemination fol1owing observational versus electronic methods of estrus detection in red deer hinds (Cervus elephus). Theriogenology. 62:652-63 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2003.11.019
  12. Fennessy, P. F., Beatson, N. S. and Mackintosh, C. G. 1987. Artificial insemination. Proc. of a Deer Course for Veterinarians, Deer Branch (NZVA) Course No.4, July 1989, Rotorua, New Zealand, Massey University, Palmerston North:33-37
  13. Fennessy, P. F., Mackintosh, C. G. and Shackell, G. H. 1990. Artificial insemination of farmedred deer (Cervus elaphus). Ani. Prod. 51:613-621 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003356100012654
  14. Fisher, M. W., Fennessy, P. F. and Davis, G. H. 1989. A note on the induction of ovulation in lactating red deer hinds prior to the breeding season. Anita. Prod. 49:134-138 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003356100004359
  15. Fisher, M. W., Fennessy, P. F., Suttie, J. M., Corson, I. D., Pearse, A. J. T., Davis, G. H. and Johnstone, P. D. 1986. Early induction of ovulation in yearling red deer hinds. Proc. N. Z. Soc. Anita. Prod. 46: 171-173
  16. Garde, J. J., Martnez-Pastor, F., Gomendio, M., Malo, A. F., Soler, A. J., Fernandez-Santos, M. R., Esteso, M. C, Garcia, A. J., Anel, L. and Roldan, E. R. S. 2006. The Application of Reproductive Technologies to Natural Populations of Red Deer. Reprod. Dom. Ani. 41:93-102 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0531.2006.00773.x
  17. Goeritz, F., Quest, M., Wagener, A, Fassbender, M, Broich, A. and Hildebrandt, T. B. 2003. Seasonal timing of sperm production in roe deer: interrelationship among changes in ejaculate parameters, morphology and function of testis and accessory glands. Theriogenology. 59:1487-1502 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0093-691X(02)01201-3
  18. Gosch, B. and Fisher, K. 1989. Seasonal changes of testis volume and sperm quality in adult fallow deer (Dama dama) and their relationship to the antler cycle. J. Reprod. Fertil. 85:7-17 https://doi.org/10.1530/jrf.0.0850007
  19. Haigh, J. C. 1984. Artificial insemination of two white-tailed deer. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc.,185: 1446-1447
  20. Jaczewski, Z. and Jasiorowski, T. 1974. Observations on the electro ejaculation in red deer. Acta. Theriologica. 19:151-157 https://doi.org/10.4098/AT.arch.74-10
  21. Jaczewski, Z. 1954. The effect of changes In length of daylight on the growth of antlers In deer (Cervus elaphus L.). Folia. BioI. Praha. 2:133-143
  22. Killeen, J. D. and Caffery, M. G. J. 1982. Uterine insemination of ewes with the aid of a laparoscope. Aust. Vet. J. 59:95
  23. Krzywinski, A. 1976. Collection of red deer semen with the artificial vagina. In: Proc. VIIlth Int. Congr. Anim. Reprod. Artif. Insern, 1002-1005
  24. Krzywinski, A. and Jaczewski, Z. 1978. Observations on the artificial breeding of red deer. Symp. Zool. Soc. London. 43:271-287
  25. Lincoln, G. A. 1971. The seasonal reproductive changes in the red deer stag (Cervus elaphus). J. Zool. 163:105-123 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1971.tb04527.x
  26. Magyar, S. J., Biediger, T., Hodges, C, Kraemer, D. C. and Seager, S. W. J. 1989. A method of artificial insemination in captive white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). Theriogenology. 31:1075-1080 https://doi.org/10.1016/0093-691X(89)90491-3
  27. Monfort S. L., Asher, G. W., Wildt, D. E., Wood, T. C., Schiewe, M. C. and Williamson, L. R. 1993. Successful intrauterine insemination of Eld's deer (Cervus eldi thamin) with frozenthawed spermatozoa. J. Reprod. Fertil. 99:459-65 https://doi.org/10.1530/jrf.0.0990459
  28. Mulley, R. C. 1989. Reproduction and performance of farmed fallow deer (Dama dama). Ph.D. Thesis, University of Sydney, Australia, 520 pp
  29. Mulley, R. C., Moore, N. W. and English, A. W. 1988. Successful uterine insemination of fallow deer with fresh and frozen semen. Theriogenology. 29:1149-1153 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0093-691X(88)80040-2
  30. Pereira J. G., Duarte, M. B. and Negrao, J. A. 2005. Seasonal changes In fecal testosterone concentrations and their relationship to the reproductive behavior, antler cycle and grouping patterns in free ranging male Pampas deer (Ozotoceros bezoarticus bezoarticus). Theriogenology. 63:2113-25 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2004.08.014
  31. Pollock, A. M. 1975. Seasonal changes in appetite and sexual condition in red deer stags maintained on a six month photoperiod. J. Physiol. 244:9596
  32. Schnare, H. and Fisher, K. 1987. Secondary sex characteristics and connected physiological values in male fallow deer (Dama dama) and their relationship to changes of the annual photoperiod: doubling the frequency. J. Exp. Zool. 244:463471
  33. Suttie, J. M., Lincoln, G. A. and Kay, R. N. B. 1984. Endocrine control of antler growth in red deer stags. J. Reprod. Fertil. 71:7-15 https://doi.org/10.1530/jrf.0.0710007