Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences

  • 제20권5호
  • /
  • Pages.682-692
  • /
  • 2007
  • /
  • 1011-2367(pISSN)
  • /
  • 1976-5517(eISSN)
아세아태평양축산학회 (Asian Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Predicting Parturition Time through Ultrasonic Measurement of Posture Changing Rate in Crated Landrace Sows

  • Wang, J.S. (Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng-Kung University) ;
  • Wu, M.C. (Taiwan Livestock Research Institute) ;
  • Chang, H.L. (National Pingtung University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Young, M.S. (Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng-Kung University)
  • 투고 : 2006.09.22
  • 심사 : 2006.12.18
  • 발행 : 2007.05.01
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

This study presents an automatic system to predict parturition time in the crated sows. The system relies on ultrasonic transducers mounted from above along the length of the crate. Using a 40 kHz time of flight (TOF) single envelope wave, the momentary distances between the sensors are measured. Therefore, the local momentary height of the sow and the momentary posture, i.e. standing posture (SDP), kneeling posture (KP), sitting posture (STP) and lateral lying posture (LLP) are determined. Crated sows change their postures from standing to lying and vice versa which follows a characteristic pattern. As parturition approaches, sows exhibit uneasiness, restlessness and the stand up sequence (SUS, the posture transition from LLP to SDP) rate increases because of labor pains. In time series, the SUS rate demonstrates a peak and it happens approximately 0-12 h before parturition. In this paper, the basic parturition threshold value method (BPTVM) and the same hour method (SHM) are proposed for predicting parturition, both of which are based on the SUS rate. The BPTVM mainly detects the peak of the SUS rate. As the SUS rate exceeds the threshold value, the parturition becomes predictable. Moreover, the SHM calculates the difference in the SUS rates between a particular time of day and the corresponding time of the preceding day. Compared to the BPTVM, the SHM can eliminate the circadian rhythm of the SUS rate influenced by feeding behavior. Using the SHM the parturition can be approximately predicted within hours. In an attempt to define the threshold parameters of predicting parturition, a data set with 32 sows of the SUS rate are used to estimate assumable predicting probability. The results show the assumable probability of the parturition prediction within 9 h is 96.9% for the SHM and 84.4% for the BPTVM. Moreover, the SHM can even reach a 75% probability of prediction within three hours of parturition. We conclude that the SHM is more accurate and is more useful for parturition time prediction. When parturition is detected, the proposed algorithm generates a warning signal which can inform human personnel to protect the mother and newborn piglets.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Aoki, M., K. Kimura and O. Suzuki. 2005. Predicting time of parturition from changing vaginal temperature measured by data-logging apparatus in beef cows with twin fetuses. Anim. Reprod. Sci. 86:1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2004.04.046
  2. Breeveld-Dwarkasing, V. N. A., P. C. Struijk, F. Eijkoot, F. K. Lotgering, F. M. F. Van Dissel-Emiliani, G. C. Van der Weyden and M. A. M. Taverne. 2002. Ultrasonic cervimetry to study the dilatation of the caudal cervix of the cow at parturition. Theriogenol. 57:1989-2002. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0093-691X(01)00722-1
  3. Gilbert, C. L., A. B. Lawrence, M. L. Forsling, J. A. Goode, T. J. McGrath, K. A. McLean and J. C. Petherick. 1996. Maternal plasma vasopressin, oxytocin and cortisol concentrations following foetal ejection in the pig. Anim. Reprod. Sci. 43: 137-150. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-4320(96)01497-2
  4. Gilbert, C. L., M. I. Boulton, J. A. Goode and T. J. McGrath. 2000. The timing of parturition in the pig is altered by intravenous naloxone. Theriogenol. 53:905-923. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0093-691X(00)00239-9
  5. Khan, J. R. and R. S. Ludri. 2002. Changes in maternal blood glucose and plasma non-esterified fatty acid during pregnancy and around parturition in twin and single fetus bearing crossbred goats. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 15:504-508. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2002.504
  6. Knight, T. W., A. F. Death and T. K. Wyeth. 1995. Photoperiodic control of the time of parturition in alpacas (Lama pacos). Anim. Reprod. Sci. 39:259-265. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-4320(95)01398-J
  7. Krsiak, M., H. Steinberg and I. P. Stolerman. 1970. Uses and limitations of photocell activity cages for assessing effects of drugs. Psychopharmacol. 17:258-274. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00402085
  8. Leenhouwers, J. I., T. Van der Lende and E. F. Knol. 1999. Analysis of stillbirth in different lines of pig. Livest. Prod. Sci. 57:243-253. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-6226(98)00171-7
  9. Lucia, T., M. N. Correa, J. C. Deschamps, I. Bianchi, M. A. Donin, A. C. Machado, W. Meincke and J. E. M. Matheus. 2002. Risk factors for stillbirth in two swine farms in the south of Brazil. Prev. Vet. Med. 53:285-292. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-5877(01)00288-4
  10. Machado, L. C. P., J. F. Hurnik and G. J. King. 1997. Timing of the attraction towards the placenta and amniotic fluid by the parturient cow. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 53:183-192. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1591(96)01158-6
  11. Nagaoka, K., H. Yamaguchi, H. Aida, K. Yoshioka, M. Takahashi, R. K. Christenson, K. Imakawa and S. Sakai. 2000. Implantation in ruminants: changes in pre-implantation, maternal recognition of pregnancy, control of attachment and invasion. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 13:845-855. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2000.845
  12. Pedersen, L. J., M. Studnitz, K. H. Jensen and A. M. Giersing. 1998. Suckling behaviour of piglets in relation to accessibility to the sow and presence foreign litters. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 58:267-279. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1591(97)00149-4
  13. Ramirez, A., A. Quiles and M. Sotillo. 1995. Behavior of the murciano-granadina goat in the hour before parturition. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 44:29-35. https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-1591(95)00580-L
  14. Randall, G. C. 1972. Observations on parturition in the sow. I. Factors associated with the delivery of the piglets and their subsequent behavior. Vet. Rec. 90:178. https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.90.7.178
  15. Ryu, Y. H., J. Y. Yang, D. S. Seo and Y. Ko. 2003. Effect of serum IGF-I on progesterone concentration during early pregnancy in Korean native cattle (Hanwoo). Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 16:176-179. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2003.176
  16. Singh, N. S., P. G. Gawande, O. P. Mishra, R. K. Nema, U. K. Mishra and M. Singh. 2004. Accuracy of ultrasonography in early pregnancy diagnosis in doe. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 17:760-768. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2004.760
  17. Wang, J. S., Y. S. Huang, M. C. Wu, Y. Y. Lai, H. L. Chang and M. S. Young. 2005. Quantification of pre-parturition restlessness in crated sows using ultrasonic measurement. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 18:780-786. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2005.780
  18. Wechsler, B. and D. Hegglin. 1997. Individual differences in behaviour of sows at the nest-site and the crushing of piglets. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 51:39-49. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1591(96)01098-2
  19. Young, M. S., Y. C. Li and M. T. Lin. 1993. A modularized infrared light matrix system with high resolution for measuring animal behaviors. Physiol. Behav. 53:545-551. https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9384(93)90152-6
  20. Young, C. W., M. S. Young, Y. C. Li and M. T. Lin. 1996. A new ultrasonic method for measuring minute motion activities on rats. J. Neurosci. Meth. 70:45-49. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-0270(96)00102-1