Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics

The Korean Pediatric Society (대한소아청소년과학회)
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A study and the growth and the development of microvascular complications in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus

1형 당뇨병 환자의 성장과 미세혈관 합병증 발생에 대한 연구

  • Lee, Young Ah (Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Yun, Kyong-Ah (Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Shin, Choong Ho (Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Yang, Sei Won (Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine)
  • 이영아 (서울대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 윤경아 (서울대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 신충호 (서울대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 양세원 (서울대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실)
  • Received : 2006.09.15
  • Accepted : 2006.12.15
  • Published : 2007.02.15
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Abstract

Purpose : Reduced growth and microvascular complications have been recognized as consequences of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). We assessed the effect of T1DM on growth and factors associated with the development of microvascular complications. Methods : We conducted a retrospective longitudinal evaluation of 154 patients above 16 years of age. We analyzed factors which affect final height standard deviation scores (SDS) and development of microvascular complications. Results : Final height SDS was $-0.11{\pm}1.15$ ($-0.26{\pm}1.33$ in females, $0.04{\pm}0.91$ in males). Final height SDS was significantly lower than midparental height SDS and height SDS at diagnosis. There was no difference in final height SDS according to age at onset, existence or nonexistence of complications, or average $HbA_{1C}$. Height SDS at onset of puberty, midparental height SDS and pubertal growth gain affected final height SDS. The number of patients with complications was 37 (24 percent). Microvascular complications developed at a younger age and after longer duration of diabetes in patients with a prepubertal onset of T1DM compared to patients with pubertal onset. Patients with complications had a higher level of average $HbA_{1C}$ than patients without complications. Patients whose microalbuminuria regressed had lower levels of average $HbA_{1C}$, systolic BP, second 24h urine microalbumin than patients with persistant or progressed microalbuminuria. Conclusion : The results suggest that degrees of glycemic control don't affect final height, but various factors associated with T1DM can impair growth potential. Additionally, the degrees of glycemic control and puberty affect the development of microvascular complications.

목 적: 1형 당뇨병 소아, 청소년에서 혈당 조절이 불량하면 성장 장애와 미세혈관 합병증이 발생할 수 있다. 1형 당뇨병이 성장에 미치는 영향과 미세혈관 합병증(당뇨병성 신병증 또는 망막병증) 발생과 관련된 요인을 파악하고자 하였다. 방 법: 서울대병원에서 추적 중인 16세 이상의 154명 환자들의 의무기록을 후향적으로 분석하였다. 성인키 SDS(standard deviation score)에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석하였고 합병증 유무, 미세알부민뇨의 경과에 따라 군을 나누어 특징을 비교하였다. 결 과: 성인키 SDS는 $-0.11{\pm}1.15$(여 $-0.26{\pm}1.33$, 남 $0.04{\pm}0.91$)였다. 성인키 SDS는 중간부모키 SDS에 비해 작았고(여 P=0.001, 남 P=0.002), 진단시 키 SDS에 비해서도 유의하게 감소하였다(여 P<0.001, 남 P=0.013). 진단시 사춘기 유무, 합병증 유무, 혈당 조절 정도, 이환 기간은 성인키 SDS에 영향을 미치지 않았다. 사춘기 시작시 키 SDS, 중간부모키 SDS, 사춘기 성장이 성인키 SDS에 영향을 미치는 요인이었다. 합병증이 발생한 37명(24%) 중에서 신병증은 29명, 망막병증은 19명, 동반된 경우는 11명이었다. 사춘기 전에 발병한 환자들은 사춘기에 발병한 환자들에 비해 첫 합병증이 발생한 연령은 더 낮았으나 첫 합병증 발생까지의 유병 기간은 더 길었다. 합병증이 발생한 그룹은 합병증이 없는 그룹보다 평균당화혈색소가 더 높았다. 미세알부민뇨가 소실된 환자들은 미세알부민뇨가 지속되거나 현성 신병증으로 진행한 환자들에 비해 평균당화혈색소, 수축기 혈압, 두 번째 측정한 24시간 소변 미세알부민 수치가 더 낮았다. 결 론: 1형 당뇨병 환자의 성인키는 혈당 조절 정도의 영향을 받지 않았지만, 중간부모키, 진단시 키에 비해 감소하여 당뇨병의 여러 요인에 의해 성장소실이 가능함을 알 수 있었다. 미세혈관 합병증 발생을 예방하기 위해서는 철저한 혈당 조절이 필요하다. 혈당 조절이 불량하거나 사춘기가 시작되면 미세혈관 합병증에 대한 선별검사를 시행해야 한다.

Keywords

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