Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment (생태와환경)

The Korean Society of Limnology (한국수생태학회)
권호 표지

Fish Exposure and In Situ Field Pilot Tests in the Abandoned Mine Drainage for a Stream Restoration

  • Bae, Dae-Yeul (School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Kim, Ju-Yong (Environment Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology) ;
  • Kim, Kyoung-Woong (Environment Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology) ;
  • An, Kwang-Guk (School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University)
  • Published : 2007.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The objectives of this study were to analyze ecological effects on effluents from the Sagok Stream (Chonnam province) as an abandoned mine drainage through necropsy-based health assessments and fish exposure tests, and to conduct In situ field pilot tests for restoration of stream water. Also, we analyzed water quality including general parameters and heavy metals. The tests were performed three times on April 2005, April 2006, and April 2007. Also, we constructed a reactor facility in the outflowing point of the abandoned mine for the remediation of AMD wastewater. In lab test, death rates in all three treatments were ${\geq}50%$ in the experiments. Necropsybased fish tissue assessments using the Health Assessment Index (HAI), indicated that the most frequently damaged tissue was liver (average: 20.8). Values of Health Assessment Index were lower in the control than any other treatments of T1, T2, and T3 and three treatments showed a distinct toxicity impacts by the AMD. In situ lethal test, concentration of Fe, Al and Zn decreased particularly by 85%, 99% and 94%, respectively through the disposal facility. Values of pH, ranged from 3.1 to 7.0, increased by 2.3 fold (mean=5.1) along with the reduction of metal contents. All fishes in P1 cage died 100% on 3 days later after the experimental setting, while all fishes in the P6 died 100% on 9 days later. Overall, these results evidently provide a key methodology for pilot test using the disposal facility and also clarify the toxicity of AMD once again, so this approach used in the pilot facilities here may reduce the acidic and toxic effects in the abandoned mining drainage.

Keywords

References

  1. Adams, S.M., A.M. Brown and R.W. Goede. 1993. A quantitative health assessment index for rapid evaluation of fish condition in the field. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 122: 63-73 https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1993)122<0063:AQHAIF>2.3.CO;2
  2. Blazer, V.S. 2000. The necropsy-based fish health assessment. Information and technology report USGS/BRD/ITR 2000-0005. p. 18-22
  3. Gray, N.F. 1998. Acid mine drainage composition and the implications for its impact on lotic systems. Water Res. 32: 2122-2134 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(97)00449-1
  4. Hellawell J.M., 1986. Biological indicator of freshwater pollution and environmental management. Elsevier Applied Science Publishers LTD. p. 78-79
  5. Hugueny, B.S., B. Camara, B. Samoura and M. Magassouba. 1996. Applying an index of biotic integrity based on communities in a west African river. Hydrobiologia 331: 71-78 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00025409
  6. Jhingan, E., R.H. Devlin and G.K. Iwama. 2003. Disease resistance, stress response and effects of triploidy in growth hormone transgenic coho salmon. Journal of Fish Biology 63: 806-823 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1095-8649.2003.00194.x
  7. Judy, R.D., Jr P.N. Seeley, T.M. Murray, S.C. Svirsky, M.R. Whitworth and L.S. Ischinger. 1984. National fisheries Survey. Technical report: initial findings, vol. 1. Washington, DC, USA: United States Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS/OBS-84/06)
  8. Jung, H.B., S.T. Yun, S.O. Kim, C.S. So and M.C. Jung. 2003. Heavy metal contamination and the poles of retention pond and hydrologic mixing for Removal of heavy metals in mine drainage, Kwangyang Au-Ag mine area. The Journal of Engineering Geology. 13: 29-50
  9. Karr, J.R. and E.W. Chu. 2000. Sustaining living waters. Hydrolobiologia 422/423: 1-14 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1017097611303
  10. Kelly, M. (Ed.). 1991. Mining and the Freshwater Environment. Elsevier Science Publishers LTD, London
  11. Kim, J., K Kim and J. Lee. 2002. Assessment of arsenic and heavy metal contamination in the vicinity of Duckum Au-Ag mine, Korea. Environ. Geochem. Hlth. 24: 215-227
  12. Kim J.H., J.W. Seo, Y.E. Na and K.G. An. 2007. Ecological health assessments on turbidwater in the downstream after a construction of Yongdam Dam. Korean J. Limnol. 40: 130-142
  13. Kim, J.Y., H.T. Chon and M.C. Jung. 1999. Assessment of applicability of marine shells as neutralizer for the treatment of acid mine drainage. Korea, Geosystem Engineering 36: 319-327
  14. Kim, M.H., Y.S. Sho, E.J. Kim, S.Y. Chung and M.K. Hong. 2002. Studies on heavy metal contamination of agricultural products, soils and irrigation waters in abandoned mines. Korea, Food Hygiene and Safety 17: 178-182
  15. Korean Ministry of Environment, Final Report of Environmental Investigation for Abandoned Mine in Korea, 2005
  16. Lee, H.J., H.J. Kim, H.J. Oh, K.J. Cho., J.G. Kim and J.H. Jung. 2007. Assessment of heavy metal contamination and biological toxicity of mine drainages and sediments from abandoned mines. Korea, Water Quality 23: 287-293
  17. Lee, J.L., J.Y. Lee and H.J. Kim. 2006. A study on the fraction and stabilization of heavy metals in the abandoned coal mine of sediment. Korea, Waste Management 23: 443-453
  18. Mining Association of Canada, 2002. Environmental progress report. Available from: www.mining.ca/english/publications/report-eng/eprl.html. Ottawa, Ontario
  19. Tierney, K.B. and A.P. Farrell, 2004. The relationships between fish health, metabolic rate, swimming performance and recovery in return-run sockeye salmon, Oncorhynchus nerka (Walbaum), Journal of Fish Diseases 27: 663-671 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.2004.00590.x
  20. Weber, L.P., P.S. Higgins, R.I. Carlson and D.M. Janz. 2003. Development and validation of methods for measuring multiple biochemical indices of condition in juvenile fishes. Journal of Fish Biology 63: 637-658 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1095-8649.2003.00178.x