Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science (한국연초학회지)

The Korean Society of Tobacco Science (한국연초학회)
권호 표지

Determination of Free Radicals in Mainstream Cigarette Smoke by Electron Spin Resonance

전자스핀공명에 의한 담배연기 중 자유라디칼 측정

  • Published : 2007.12.25
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Gas phase and particulate phase radicals in mainstream cigarette smoke were determined Electron Spin Resonance(ESR) spectroscopy. The free radicals in particulate phase have been investigated by benzene extract of Cambridge Filter Pad containing the smoke condensate. Spin trapping method in conjunction with ESR was used to investigate free radicals in the gas phase of cigarette smoke. Several analytical experiments were conducted in order to determine the optimal conditions for maximum signal intensities and reproducibility of results. All the tests were optimized and normalized using the University of Kentucky 2R4F reference cigarette. The optimal conditions were 0.6 mL for analysis volume of ESR, $4{\sim}5\;mL$ for collection volume of spin-adducts, and PBN for quantification of free radicals in gas phase. The radical levels of Kentucky 2R4F cigarettes were found $2.18{\times}10^{14}\;spins/cig.$ and $2.10{\times}10^{15}\;spins/cig.$ in gas phase.

Keywords

References

  1. Baum, S. L., Anderson, I. G. M., Baker, R. R., Murphy, D. M. and Rowlands, C. C. (2003) Electron spin resonance and spin trap investigation of free radicals in cigarette smoke: development of a quantification procedure. Analytica Chimica Acta 481: 1-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(03)00078-3
  2. Blakley, R. L., Henry, D. D. and Smith, C. J. (2001) Lack of correlation between cigarette mainstream smoke particulate phase radicals and hydroquinone yield. Food Chem. Toxicol. 39: 401-406 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0278-6915(00)00144-7
  3. Bluhm, A. L., Weinstein, J. and Sousa, J. A. (1971) Free radicals in tobacco smoke. Nature 229: 500
  4. Buettner, G. R. (1987) Spin trapping: ESR parameters of spin adducts 1474 1528V. Free Radical Biol. Med. 3: 259-303 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0891-5849(87)80033-3
  5. Church, D. F. and Pryor, W. A. (1985) Free-radical chemistry of cigarette smoke and its toxicological implications. Environ. Health Perspect. 64: 111-126 https://doi.org/10.2307/3430003
  6. Cueto, R. and Pryor, W. A. (1994) Cigarette smoke chemistry: conversion of nitric oxide to nitrogen dioxide and reactions of nitrogen oxides with other smoke components as studied by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Vib. Spectrosc. 7: 97-111 https://doi.org/10.1016/0924-2031(94)85045-3
  7. David, M., Gac, S. L., Iman, E. and Christian, R. (2002) A new method for detecting free radicals by LC-MS/MS. Application to the detection and quantitation of free radicals in cigarette smoke. Proceedings of the 50th ASMS Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics, Orlando, Florida, June 2-6
  8. Domingues, P., Domingues, M. and Rosario, M., Amado, F. M. L., Ferrer-Correia, A. (2001) Detection and characterization of hydroxyl radical adducts by mass spectrometry. J. Am Soc., Mass Spectrom. 12: 1214-1219 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1044-0305(01)00310-5
  9. Ghosh M., Mcaughey J. and Ionita P. (2007) Investigation of free radicals in cigarette smoke by Electron Spin Resonance. in Proceedings of the paper presented at the CORESTA Meeting. Jeju Island, South Korea, 2007, Programme Booklet and Abstracts (SSPT 27)
  10. Lyons, M. J. Gibson, J. K. and Ingram, D. J. E. (1958) Free-radicals produced in cigarette smoke. Nature 181: 1003-1004 https://doi.org/10.1038/1811003a0
  11. Pryor, W. A., Prier, D. G. and Church, D. F. (1983) Electron-spin resonance study of mainstream and sidestream cigarette smoke: nature of the free radicals in gas-phase smoke and in cigarette tar. Environ. Health Perspect. 47: 345-358 https://doi.org/10.2307/3429523
  12. Takanami Y. and Moriyama T. (2007) Analysis of vapor and particulate phase free radicals in mainstream cigarette smoke. in Proceedings of the paper presented at the CORESTA Meeting. Jeju Island, South Korea, 2007, Programme Booklet and Abstracts (SSPT 28)
  13. Takanami, Y., Takahashi, H. and Shibagaki, M. (2002) Studies on free radicals formation in vapour phase cigarette smoke, in: Proceedings of the paper presented at the 56th Tobacco Science Research Conference, Lexington, KY, USA, Programme Booklet and Abstracts (No. 74)