Journal of Environmental Science International (한국환경과학회지)

The Korean Environmental Sciences Society (한국환경과학회)
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Isolation and Characterization of a Feather-Degrading Bacterium for Recycling of Keratinous Protein Waste

케라틴 단백질 폐기물의 재활용을 위한 우모부해 세균의 분리와 특성

  • Kim, Jung-Chul (Department of Microbiology, Pusan National University) ;
  • Kim, Min-Ju (Department of Microbiology, Pusan National University) ;
  • Son, Hyeng-Sik (Department of Microbiology, Pusan National University) ;
  • Ryu, Eun-Youn (Department of Microbiology, Pusan National University) ;
  • Jeong, Seong-Yun (Korea BIO-IT Foundry Center, Pusan National University) ;
  • Kim, Mi-A (Korea BIO-IT Foundry Center, Pusan National University) ;
  • Park, Geun-Tae (Research & University-Industry Cooperation, Pusan National University) ;
  • Son, Hong-Joo (School of Applied Life Science, Pusan National University) ;
  • Lee, Sang-Joon (Department of Microbiology, Pusan National University)
  • Published : 2007.12.31
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Abstract

The aim of this study was to isolate chicken feather-degrading bacteria with high keratinolytic activity and to investigate cultural conditions affecting keratinolytic enzyme production by a selected isolate. A chicken feather-degrading bacterial strain CH3 was isolated from poultry wastes. Isolate CH3 degraded whole chicken feather completely within 3 days. On the basis of phenotypical and 16S rDNA studies, isolate CH3 was identified as Bacillus thuringiensis CH3. This strain is the first B. thuringiensis described as a feather degrader. The bacterium grew with an optimum at pH 8.0 and $37^{\circ}C$, where maximum keratinolytic activity was also observed. The composition of optimal medium for keratinolytic enzyme production was feather 0.1%, sucrose 0.7%, casein 0.3%, $K_2HPO_4$ 0.03%, $KH_2PO_4$ 0.04%, $MgCl_2$ 0.01% and NaCl 0.05%, respectively. The keratinolytic enzyme had a pH and temperature optima 9.0 and $45^{\circ}C$, respectively. The keratinolytic activity was inhibited ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, and metal ions like $Hg^{2+},\;Cu^{2+}\;and\;Zn^{2+}$. The enzyme activated by $Fe^{2+}$, dithiothreitol and 2-mercaptoethanol.

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