Biomimetically Engineered Polymeric Surfaces for Micro-scale Tribology

  • Singh R. Arvind (Tribology Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology) ;
  • Kim Hong-Joon (Tribology Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology) ;
  • Kong Ho-Sung (Tribology Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology) ;
  • Yoon Eui-Sung (Tribology Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology)
  • Published : 2006.06.01

Abstract

In this paper, we report on the replication of surface topography of natural leaf of Lotus onto thin polymeric films using a capillarity-directed soft lithographic technique. PDMS molds were used to replicate the surface. The replication was carried out on poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) film coated on silicon wafer. The patterns so obtained were investigated for their friction properties at micro-scale using a ball-on-flat type micro-tribo tester, under reciprocating motion. Soda lime balls (1 mm diameter) were used as counterface sliders. Friction tests were conducted at a constant applied normal load of $3000{\mu}N$ and speed of 1mm/s. All experiments were conducted at ambient temperature ($24{\pm}1^{\circ}C$) and relative humidity ($45{\pm}5%$). Results showed that the patterned samples exhibited superior tribological properties when compared to the silicon wafer and non patterned sample (PMMA thin film). The reduced real area of contact projected by the surfaces was the main reason for their enhanced friction property.

Keywords

References

  1. Gould, P., 'Smart and Clean surfaces', Materials Today, pp. 44-48, 2003
  2. Naik, R. Rajesh, Stone, Morley O., 'Integrating biomirnetics', Materials Today, pp. 18-26, 2005
  3. Nosnovsky, M., Bhushan, B., 'Roughness optimization for biomimetic superhydrophobic surfaces', B, Microsyst. Technol., 11, pp. 535-549, 2005 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00542-005-0602-9
  4. Thieme, M., Frenzel, R., Schmidt, S., Simon, E, Hennig, A., Worch, H., Lunkwitz, K., Scharnweber, D., 'Generation of ultrahydrophobic properties of Aluminium - A first step to self-cleaning transparently coated metal surfaces', Advanced Engineering Materials 3, pp. 691-695, 2001 https://doi.org/10.1002/1527-2648(200109)3:9<691::AID-ADEM691>3.0.CO;2-8
  5. Neinhuis, C., Barthlott, W., 'Characterization and Distribution of Water-repellent, Self-cleaning Plant Surfaces', Annals of Botany 79, pp. 667-677, 1997 https://doi.org/10.1006/anbo.1997.0400
  6. Ando, Y., Ino, J., 'The effect of Asperity Array Geometry on Friction and Pull-off Force, J. Tribol. 119, pp. 781-787, 1997 https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2833885
  7. Yoon, Eui-Sung, Yang, Seung Ho, Kong, Hosung, Kim, Ki Hwan., 'The effect of topography on water wetting and micro/nanotribological characteristics of polymeric surfaces, Tribology Letters 15, pp. 145-154,2003 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1024409316644
  8. Burton, Z, Shushan, B., 'Hydrophobicity, adhesion, and friction properties of nanopatterned polymers and scale dependence for micro- and nano-electromechanical systems', Nanoletters 5, pp. 1607-1613,2005 https://doi.org/10.1021/nl050861b
  9. Yoon, Eui-Sung, Singh, R. Arvind, Kong, Hosung, Kim, B., Kim, D. H., Suh, K. Y., Jeong, H. E., 'Tribological properties of nano/micro-patterned PMMA surfaces on silicon wafer', Proc. World Tribology Congress III, Washington DC, USA, September 12-16, 2005, Washington Hilton, Paper Number WTC2005-63964
  10. Yoon, Eui-Sung, Singh, R. Arvind, Kong, Hosung, Kim, B., Kim, D. H., Suh, K. Y., Jeong, H. E., 'Tribological properties of bio-mimetic nano-patterned polymeric surfaces on silicon wafer', Tribology Letters 21, pp. 31-37, 2006 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-005-9005-4
  11. Singh, R. Arvind, Yoon, Eui-Sung, Kim, H. J., Kong, Hosung, Suh, K. Y, Jeong, H. E., 'Submicron-scale polymeric patterns for tribological applications in MEMS/NEMS', KSTLE International Journal 6, pp. 33-38, 2005
  12. Maboudian, R, Howe, R. T., 'Critical review: Adhesion in surface rnicromechanical structure', J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 15, pp. 1-20, 1997
  13. Autumn, Kellar, Sitti, Metin, Liang, Y. A., Peattie, A. M., Hansen, W. R., Sponberg, S, Kenny, T. W., Fearing, R, Israelachvili, J. N., Full, R. J., 'Evidence of van der waals adhesion in gecko setae', PNAS 99, pp. 12252-12256, 2002
  14. Geim, A. K, Dubonos, S. V, Grigoria, I. V., Novoselov, K. S., Zhukov, A. A, Shapoval, S. Y. U., 'Microfabricated adhesive mimicking gecko foot-hair', Nature Materials 2, pp. 461-463, 2003 https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat917
  15. Suh, K. Y, Kim, Y. S, Lee, H. H., 'Capillary Force Lithography', Adv. Mater. 13, pp. 1386-1389,2001 https://doi.org/10.1002/1521-4095(200109)13:18<1386::AID-ADMA1386>3.0.CO;2-X
  16. Yoon, Eui-Sung, Singh, R. Arvind, Oh, H. J, Kong, Hosung., 'The effect of contact area on nano/micro-scale friction', Wear 259, pp. 1424-1431,2005 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2005.01.033
  17. Tambe, Nikhil S, Bhushan, Bharat., 'Scale dependence of micro/nano-friction and adhesion of MEMS/NEMS materials, coatings and lubricants', Nanotechnology 15, pp. 1561-1570, 2004 https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/15/11/033
  18. Bowden, F. P, Tabor, D., 'The friction and lubrication of solids', Clarendon Press, Oxford, pp. 90-121, 1950
  19. Zou, M, Cai, L, Wang, H, Yang, D, Wyrobek, T., 'Adhesion and friction studies of a selectively micro/nano-textured surface produced by UV assisted crystallization of amorphous silicon', Tribology Letters 20, pp. 43-52, 2005 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-005-7791-3
  20. Johnson, K. L, Kendall, K, Roberts, A. D., 'Surface energy and contact of elastic solid', Proceedings of the Royal Society of London A 324, pp. 301-313, 1971
  21. Beake, B. D, Leggett, G J., 'Variation of frictional forces in air with the compositions of heterogeneous organic surfaces', Langmuir 16, pp. 735-739, 2000 https://doi.org/10.1021/la990782d