Postoperative Radiation Therapy in the Management of Early Cervical Cancer

초기 자궁경부암의 수술 후 방사선치료의 효과

  • Kim, Jae-Chul (Department of Radiation Oncology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine)
  • 김재철 (경북대학교 의과대학 방사선종양학교실)
  • Published : 2006.09.30

Abstract

[ $\underline{Purpose}$ ]: This study identified the result of postoperative radiation therapy and the prognostic factors to affect survival rates in cancer patients. $\underline{Materials\;and\;Methods}$: One hundred and thirty three patients with cervical cancer who were treated with postoperative radiation therapy following surgery at our institution between June 1985 and November 2002 were retrospectively analyzed. One hundred and thirteen patients had stage IB disease, and 20 patients had stage IIA disease. Histological examination revealed 118 squamous cell carcinoma patients and 15 adenocarcinoma patients. Sixty seven patients were noted to have stromal invasion greater than 10 mm, and 45 patients were noted to have stromal Invasion 10 mm or less. Positive lymphovascular invasion was found in 24 patients, and positive pelvic lymph nodes were noted in 39 patients. Positive vaginal resection margin was documented in 8 patients. All of the patients were treated with external beam radiation therapy to encompass whole pelvis and primary surgical tumor bed. Intracavitary radiation therapy was added to 19 patients who had positive or close surgical margins. $\underline{Results}$: Actuarial overall and disease-free survival rates for entire group of the patients were 88% and 84% at 5 years, respectively. Five-year disease-free survival rates for patients with stromal invasion greater than 10 mm and 10 mm or less were 76% and 97%, respectively (p<0.05). Also there was a significantly lower survival in patients with positive pelvic lymph nodes compared with patients with negative pelvic lymph nodes (p<0.05). However, lymphovascular invasion, positive vaginal resection margins were not statistically significant prognostic factors. Addition of neoadjuvant chemotherapy or type of surgery did not affect disease-free survival. $\underline{Conclusion}$: Postoperative radiation therapy appears to achieve satisfactory local control with limited morbidity in cervical cancer patients with high pathologic risk factors. Distant metastasis was a dominant failure pattern to affect survival in cervical cancer patients after radical surgery and radiation and more effective systemic treatment should be investigated in these high-risk patients.

목 적: 초기 자궁경부암 환자에서 수술 후 방사선치료의 결과 및 생존율에 영향을 미치는 예후인자를 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1985년 6월부터 2002년 11월까지 본원에서 수술 후 방사선치료를 받은 133예의 자궁경부암 환자를 후향적으로 분석하였다 병기는 IB 113예, IIA 20예였고, 조직학적 분류는 상피세포암 118예, 선암 15예였다. 자궁경부 기질 내 침범 10 mm 초과 67예, 10 mm 이하 45예였다. 골반 림프절 양성 39예, 림프혈관강 침범 24예, 수술 절제연 양성 8예가 관찰되었다. 모든 환자를 $45{\sim}50.4\;Gy$의 외부방사선으로 치료하였으며, 수술 절제연이 양성이거나 불충분한 경우에는 $15{\sim}39\;Gy$의 강내치료를 추가하였다. 추적기간의 중간값은 48개월 이었다. 결 과: 대상 환자 전체의 5년 생존율 및 무병생존율은 88% 및 84%였다. 자궁경부 기질 내 침범 10 mm 초과한 환자에서는 5년 무병생존율이 감소하는 양상을 보였다(p<0.05). 골반 림프절 양성인 환자에서도 5년 무병생존율이 감소하는 양상을 보였다(p<0.05). 조직학적 분류, 림프혈관강 침범, 수술 절제연 양성은 5년 무병생존율의 감소와 무관하였다. 수술의 방법, 항암제 추가 또한 5년 무병생존율의 감소와 무관하였다. 재발의 양상은 골반 내 재발 4예, 원격전이 11예, 골반 및 원격전이 1예 등으로 관찰되었다. 치료에 따른 부작용은 수술을 요한 소장폐색 2예, 내과적 치료를 요한 혈뇨 2예가 관찰되었다. 결 론: 고위험인자를 가진 자궁경부암 환자에서 수술 후 방사선치료가 국소제어에 도움이 되지만, 원격전이를 막을 수 있는 보다 효과적인 치료가 필요하다고 생각된다. 전체 5년 생존율과 무재발 생존율은 각각 51.5%와 58.7%였다. N 병기에 따른 생존율은 N0, N1, N2에서 각각 100%, 53.7%, 0%였고(p=0.012), 무재발 생존율은 각각 100%, 47.6%, 41.2%였다(p=0.009). 종양의 위치에 따른 무재발 생존율은 상부, 중간부, 하부에서 각각 55.0%, 78.5%, 31.2%였다(p=0.006). 다변량 분석에서 5년 전체 생존율에 영향을 미치는 유의한 예후인자는 N 병기였고(p=0.012), 무재발 생존율에 영향을 미치는 예후인자는 N 병기와(p=0.001) 종양의 위치였다(p=0.006). 수술을 요하는 장 관련 후유증은 3명(6.5%)에서 발생하였다. 결 론: 직장암의 치료에서 근치적 수술 후 보조 화학방사선요법은 국소영역제어 측면에서는 효과적이었으나 원격제어에 대한 효과는 부족하다고 생각된다. 향후 생존율을 더욱 향상시키기 위해서는 원격실패를 감소시키려는 노력이 시도되어야 될 것으로 생각한다.만주의로 표면화된 하나의 일본근대 유화의 형식 그대로가 한국아카데미즘의 성격을 결정하고 있다고 할 수 있다. 게다가 1922년에 시작된 선전은 심사위원 대부분이 동경미술학교 교수이면서 구로다의 제자이거나 동료였다는 것은 이러한 사실을 더욱 확고하게 뒷받침하고 있는 것이다. 초기유학생들이 남긴 작품들은 완전한 인상파에 대한 지식이나 깊은 자아의식을 가지고 제작된 것은 아니라, 일본 동경미술학교에서 가르치고 있었던 것들을 그대로 수용했다고 할 수 있다. 따라서 이들의 그림은 구로다의 외광파라고 부르는 것들의 영향보다는, 인상파를 보고 배웠던 동경미술학교 교수들의 영향을 더 많이 받았다고 할 수 있다. 그리고 이들의 영향은 그대로 한국 근대미술의 아카데미즘을 형성하는데 커다란 영향을 미치고

Keywords

References

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