References
- B. J. Bauer and L. J. Fetters, Rubber Chem. Technol., 51, 406 (1978) https://doi.org/10.5254/1.3535747
- S. Bywater, Adv. Polym. Sci., 30, 89 (1979) https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-09199-8_2
- J. Roovers, in Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Engineering, 2nd ed., J. I. Kroschwitz, Ed., Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1989, Vol. 2, pp 478-499
- P. Rempp and J. E. Herz, in Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Engineering, 2nd ed., J. I. Kroschwitz, Ed., Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1989, Suppl. Vol., pp 493-510
- L. J. Fetters and E. L. Tomas, in Material Science and Technology, VCH Verlangesellschaft, Weinheim, Germany, 1993, Vol. 12, pp 1-31
- H. L. Hsieh and R. P. Quirk, in Anionic Polymerization: Principles and Applications, Marcel Dekker, New York, 1996, pp 333-368
- G. S. Grest, L. J. Fetters, and J. S. Huang, Adv. Chem. Phys., XCIV, 67 (1996)
- P. J. Lutz and D. Rein, in Star and Hyperbranched Polymers, M. K. Mishra and S. Kobayashi, Eds., Marcel Dekker, New York, 1999, pp 27-57
- N. Hadjichristidis, J. Polym. Sci.; Part A: Polym. Chem., 37, 857 (1999) https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-0518(19990401)37:7<857::AID-POLA1>3.0.CO;2-P
- N. Hadjichristidis, M. Pitsikalis, H. Iatrou, and C. Vlahos, Adv. Polym. Sci., 142, 72 (1999)
- N. Hadjichristidis, M. Pitsikalis, S. Pispas, and H. Iatrou, Chem. Rev., 101, 3747 (2001) https://doi.org/10.1021/cr9901337
- N. Hadjichristidis, M. Pitsikalis, H. Iatrou, and S. Pispas, Macromol. Rapid Commun., 24, 979 (2003) https://doi.org/10.1002/marc.200300050
- A. Hirao, M. Hayashi, Y. Tokuda, N. Haraguchi, T. Higashihara, and S. W. Ryu, Polym. J., 34, 1 (2002) https://doi.org/10.1295/polymj.34.1
- A. Hirao, M. Hayashi, S. Loykulnant, K. Sugiyama, S. W. Ryu, N. Haraguchi, A. Matsuo, and T. Higashihara, Prog. Polym. Sci., 30, 111 (2005) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2004.12.002
- S. Pispas, Y. Poulos, and N. Hadjichristidis, Macromolecules, 31, 4177 (1998) https://doi.org/10.1021/ma980361n
- S. Sioula, N. Hadjichristidis, and E. L. Thomas, Macromolecules, 31, 5272 (1998) https://doi.org/10.1021/ma971848j
- S. Sioula, N. Hadjichristidis, and E. L. Thomas, Macromolecules, 31, 8429 (1998) https://doi.org/10.1021/ma980622t
- S. Pispas, N. Hadjichristidis, I. Potemkin, and A. Khokhlov, Macromolecules, 33, 1741 (2000) https://doi.org/10.1021/ma991636h
- H. Hückstädt, A. Göpfert, and V. Abetz, Macromol. Chem. Phys., 201, 296 (2000) https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1521-3935(20000201)201:3<296::AID-MACP296>3.0.CO;2-U
- K. Yamaguchi, K. Takahashi, H. Hasegawa, H. Iatrou, N. Hadjichristidis, T. Kaneko, Y. Nishikawa, H. Jinnai, T. Matsui, H. Nishioka, M. Shimizu, and H. Furukawa, Macromolecules, 36, 6962 (2003) https://doi.org/10.1021/ma034840k
- R. W. Penisi and L. Fetters, Macromolecules, 21, 1094 (1988) https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00182a041
- J. W. Mays, Polym. Bull. (Berlin), 23, 247 (1990) https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01032437
- I. M. Khan, Z. Gao, K. Khougaz, and A. Eisenberg, Macromolecules, 25, 3002 (1992) https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00037a036
- H. Iatrou and N. Hadjichristidis, Macromolecules, 25, 4649 (1992) https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00044a028
- H. Iatrou and N. Hadjichristidis, Macromolecules, 26, 2479 (1993) https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00062a013
- H. Iatrou, E. Siakali-Kioulafa, N. Hadjichristidis, J. Roovers, and J. W. Mays, J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Phys. Ed., 33, 1925 (1995) https://doi.org/10.1002/polb.1995.090331308
- A. Avgeropoulos, N. Hadjichristidis, and J. Roovers, Macromolecules, 29, 6076 (1996) https://doi.org/10.1021/ma960290x
- S. Sioula, Y. Tselikas, N. Hadjichristidis, and J. Roovers, Macromolecules, 30, 1518 (1997) https://doi.org/10.1021/ma961447o
- A. Avgeropoulos and N. Hadjichristidis, J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Chem. Ed., 35, 813 (1997) https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-0518(199703)35:4<813::AID-POLA28>3.0.CO;2-P
- G. Velis and N. Hadjichristidis, Macromolecules, 32, 534 (1999) https://doi.org/10.1021/ma9814797
- T. Fujimoto, H. Zhang, T. Kazama, Y. Isono, H. Hasegawa, and T. Hashimoto, Polymer, 29, 6076 (1992)
- H. Hückstädt, V. Abetz, and R. Stadler, Macromol. Rapid Commun., 17, 599 (1996) https://doi.org/10.1002/marc.1996.030170814
- R. P. Quirk, B. Lee, and L. E. Schock, Makromol. Chem. Macromol. Symp., 53, 201 (1992)
- R. P. Quirk, T. Yoo, and B. Lee, J. Makromol. Sci., Pure Appl. Chem., A31, 911 (1994)
- R. P. Quirk, T. Yoo, Y. Lee, J. Kim, and B. Lee, Adv. Polym. Sci., 153, 67 (2000) https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-46414-X_3
- Y. C. Bae and R. Faust, Macromolecules, 31, 2480 (1998) https://doi.org/10.1021/ma971715y
- J. Yun and R. Faust, Macromolecules, 35, 7860 (2002) https://doi.org/10.1021/ma020764u
- C. M. Fernyhough, R. N. Young, and R. D. Tack, Macromolecules, 32, 5760 (1999) https://doi.org/10.1021/ma990616c
- O. Lambert, P. Dumas, G. Hurtrez, and G. Riess, Macromol. Rapid Commun., 18, 343 (1997) https://doi.org/10.1002/marc.1997.030180411
- O. Lambert, S. Reutenauer, G. Hurtrez, G. Riess, and P. Dumas, Polym. Bull. (Berlin), 40, 143 (1998) https://doi.org/10.1007/s002890050235
- S. Reutenauer, G. Hurtrez, and P. Dumas, Macromolecules, 34, 755 (2001) https://doi.org/10.1021/ma000676e
- N. Meyer, C. Delaite, G. Hurtrez, and P. Dumas, Polymer, 43, 7133 (2002) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0032-3861(02)00454-8
- M. Hayashi, K. Kojima, and A. Hirao, Macromolecules, 32, 2425 (1999) https://doi.org/10.1021/ma981673t
- M. Hayashi, Y. Negishi, and A. Hirao, Proc. Jpn. Acad. Ser. B, 75, 93 (1999)
- A. Hirao and M. Hayashi, Acta Polym., 50, 219 (1999) https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1521-4044(19990701)50:7<219::AID-APOL219>3.0.CO;2-U
- A. Hirao, M. Hayashi, and N. Haraguchi, Macromol. Rapid Commun., 21, 1171 (2000) https://doi.org/10.1002/1521-3927(20001101)21:17<1171::AID-MARC1171>3.0.CO;2-C
- A. Hirao, A. Matsuo, K. Morifuji, Y. Tokuda, and M. Hayashi, Polym. Adv. Technol., 12, 680 (2001) https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.88
- A. Hirao, M. Hayashi, and T. Higashihara, Macromol. Chem. Phys., 202, 3165 (2001) https://doi.org/10.1002/1521-3935(20011101)202:16<3165::AID-MACP3165>3.0.CO;2-5
- A. Hirao and T. Higashihara, Macromolecules, 35, 7238 (2002) https://doi.org/10.1021/ma0203400
- A. Hirao and N. Haraguchi, Macromolecules, 35, 7224 (2002) https://doi.org/10.1021/ma0202888
- A. Hirao, M. Hayashi, and A. Matsuo, Polymer, 43, 7125 (2002) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0032-3861(02)00453-6
- A. Hirao and A. Matsuo, Macromolecules, 36, 9742 (2003) https://doi.org/10.1021/ma035264v
- A. Hirao, K. Kawasaki, and T. Higashihara, Sci. Technol. Adv. Mater., 5, 469 (2004) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stam.2004.01.015
- A. Hirao, K. Kawasaki, and T. Higashihara, Macromolecules, 37, 5179 (2004)
- A. Hirao and T. Higashihara, Macromol. Symp., 215, 57 (2004)
- T. Higashihara and A. Hirao, J. Polym. Sci.; Part A: Polym. Chem., 42, 4535 (2004) https://doi.org/10.1002/pola.20362
- T. Higashihara, M. Nagura, K. Inoue, N. Hraguchi, and A. Hirao, Macromolecules, 38, 4577 (2005) https://doi.org/10.1021/ma050248e
- A. Hirao, M. Hayashi, and T. Higashihara, Macromol. Chem. Phys., 202, 3165 (2001) https://doi.org/10.1002/1521-3935(20011101)202:16<3165::AID-MACP3165>3.0.CO;2-5
- A. Hirao and T. Higashihara, Macromolecules, 35, 7238 (2002) https://doi.org/10.1021/ma0203400
- Y. Zhao, T. Higashihara, K. Sugiyama, and A. Hirao, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 127, 14158 (2005) https://doi.org/10.1021/ja054821l
- R. M. Pike, J. Polym. Sci., 40, 577 (1959) https://doi.org/10.1002/pol.1959.1204013731
- A. Hirao, K. Yamaguchi, K. Takenaka, K. Suzuki, and S. Nakahama, Makromol. Chem., Rapid Commun., 3, 941 (1982) https://doi.org/10.1002/marc.1982.030031218
- G. G. H. Schulz and H. Höcker, Makromol. Chem., 178, 2589 (1977) https://doi.org/10.1002/macp.1977.021780909
- J. F. Douglas, J. Roovers, and K. F. Freed, Macromolecules, 23, 4168 (1990) https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00220a022
- N. Corbin and J. Prud'homeme, J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Phys., 15, 1937 (1977) https://doi.org/10.1002/pol.1977.180151106
-
The first successful synthesis of 4-arm ABCD asymmetric star-branched polymer by the coupling of living anionic polymers with
$SiCl_4$ was reported by Hadjichristidis's group in 1993 (ref. 20(b)). In this star, the A, B, C, and D segments were polystyrene, poly(4-methylstyrene), polyisoprene, and poly(1,3-butadiene), respectively. We have recently synthesized two structural similar 4-arm ABCD asymmetric star-branched polymers whose A, B, C, and D segments are polyisoprene, poly(4-methoxystyrene), polystyrene, and poly(4-trimethylsilylstyrene) (ref. 40), and polystyrene, poly($\alpha$ -methylstyrene), poly(4-methylstyrene), and poly(methyl methacrylate) (ref. 41). Furthermore, the synthesis of more complex well-defined 7-arm$A_2B_2C_2D$ and 13-arm$A_4B_4C_4D$ asymmetric stars has also been successfully achieved by our research group (refs. 37 and 38). Very recently, we have successfully synthesized a 5-arm ABCDE asymmetric star-branched polymer for the first time. The A,B,C,D, and E segments in this star are polystyrene, poly($\alpha$ -methylstyrene), poly(4-trimethylsilylstyrene), poly(4-methoxystyrene), and poly(4-methylphenyl vinyl sulfoixe), respectively (ref. 44)