교정치료 시 브라켓 부착 및 제거에 따른 치아색 변화

Tooth color changes associated with the bracket bonding and debonding

  • 김석필 (전남대학교 치과대학 교정학교실) ;
  • 황인남 (전남대학교 치의학연구소, 치과대학 보존학교실) ;
  • 조진형 (전남대학교 치과대학 교정학교실) ;
  • 황현식 (전남대학교 치의학연구소, 치과대학 교정학교실)
  • Kim, Seok-Pil (Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Hwang, In-Nam (Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Cho, Jin-Hyoung (Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Hwang, Hyeon-Shik (Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University)
  • 발행 : 2006.04.30

초록

본 연구는 교정용 브라켓 부착을 위한 레진 접착부위 및 그 인접부위 즉, primer만 도포된 부위의 색변화를 알아보기 위하여 시행되었다. 교정치료를 위해 발치된 60개의 건전한 소구치를 재료로 사용하여 분광측정기로 색을 측정한 후 CIE $L^*a^*b^*$ 색표계로 기록하였다. 20개의 소구치에 광중합형 접착레진으로 브라켓을 부착한 후 부착 전과 제거 후의 색을 측정하였으며 다른 20개의 소구치에는 primer만 도포하고 도포 전과 도포 후의 색을 측정한 후, $L^*$ 값을 이용하여 명암 변화를 살펴본 결과 브라켓 부착 및 primer 도포 모두의 경우 명도가 감소하는 경향을 보였으며, $a^*$ 값과 $b^*$ 값을 이용하여 색상 변화를 살펴본 결과 황색이 증가하는 양상을 나타내었다. 또한 측정된 $L^*a^*b^*$ 값을 이용하여 색변화를 산출하고 임상적으로 인지할 수 있는 색변화 값 3.7을 기준치로 하여 비교 및 분석을 시행한 결과 브라켓 부착 전과 제거 후의 색변화는 기준치보다 큰 것으로 나타났으며 primer 도포에 따른 색변화는 기준치보다 크지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 한편 primer만 도포한 경우 칫솔질에 따른 색변화를 알아보고자 나머지 20개의 소구치를 대조로 하여 칫솔질을 시행한 결과 칫솔질 시행 후 색변화는 기준치보다 큰 것으로 나타났다. 브라켓 제거 후 자연광 노출의 영향을 알아보기 위하여 모든 경우에 추가적으로 photoaging을 시행한 결과 부가적인 색변화는 기준치보다 작은 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과는 교정치료를 위한 브라켓 부착으로 인해 브라켓 부착 및 인접부위의 치아색 변화가 있음을 의미하며 임상과정에서 이에 대한 고려가 필요함을 시사하였다.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the tooth color changes of resin bonding sites and their adjacent sites on orthodontic bracket bonding. Sixty extracted sound premolars were used and the tooth color was recorded according to the CIE $L^*a^*b^*$ color system using a spectrophotometer. The tooth colors of the twenty premolars were measured and compared before bracket bonding and after removal. On a further twenty premolars, the tooth color was measured before and after only primer application. In the change of $L^*$ values, according to the bracket bonding and primer application, the lightness was decreased, and in the change of $a^*\;and\;b^*$ values, the color was changed into a more yellowish color The color differences $({\Delta}E^*)$ were calculated from the $L^*a^*b^*$ values and compared with the standard value of clinical detection $({\Delta}E^*=3.7)$. The color differences between before the bracket bonding and after removal noted exceeded the standard value and those of between before and after the primer application were not larger than the standard value. Toothbrushing was performed after application of the primer to evaluate the color changes according to the primer abrasion. As a control, toothbrushing was performed on the last twenty premolars. The color differences noted were larger than the standard value after toothbrushing. Also, to evaluate the color changes of the tooth which is exposed to sun irradiation after bracket removal, additional photoaging was performed and the color was measured for all teeth. The additional color differences after photoaging were smaller than the standard value. The above results suggest that the tooth color changes after fixed orthodontic treatment.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Goldstein RE, Haywood VB, Heymann HO, Steiner DR, West JD. Bleaching of vital and pulpless teeth. In Cohen S, Burns RC, editors. Pathways of the Pulp. ed 6. St. Louis: Mosby; 1994. p. 584-603
  2. Engelhardt D. Power bleaching. Cont Esthet Rest Prac 1999;9:22-9
  3. Maijer R, Smith DC. Corrosion of orthodontic bracket bases. Am J Orthod 1982;81:43-8 https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9416(82)90287-1
  4. Mizrahi E. Surface distribution of enamel opacities following orthodontic treatment. Am J Orthod 1983;84:323-31 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9416(83)90348-2
  5. Ogaard B, Rolla G, Arends J, ten Cate JM. Orthodontic appliances and enamel demineralization. Part 2. Prevention and treatment of lesions. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1988;94:123-8 https://doi.org/10.1016/0889-5406(88)90360-5
  6. Ogaard B. Prevalence of white spot lesions in 19-year-olds: A study on untreated and orthodontically treated persons 5 years after treatment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1989;96:423-7 https://doi.org/10.1016/0889-5406(89)90327-2
  7. Zarrinnia K, Eid NM, Kehoe MJ, The effect of different debonding techniques on the enamel surface: An in vitro qualitative study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1995;108:284-93 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0889-5406(95)70023-4
  8. Campbell PM. Enamel surfaces after orthodontic bracket debonding. Angle Orthod 1995;65:103-10
  9. Silverstone LM, Saxton CA, Dogon IL, Fejerskov O. Variation in the pattern of acid etching of human dental enamel examined by scanning electron microscopy. Caries Res 1975;9:373-87 https://doi.org/10.1159/000260179
  10. Zachrisson BU, Arthun J, Enamel surface appearance after various debonding techniques. Am J Orthod 1979;75:121-37 https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9416(79)90181-7
  11. Sandison RM. Tooth surface appearance after debonding. Br J Orthod 1981;8:199-201 https://doi.org/10.1179/bjo.8.4.199
  12. Hintz JK, Bradley TG, Eliades T. Enamel colour changes following whitening with 10 per cent carbamide peroxide: a comparison of orthodontically-bonded/debonded and untreated teeth. Eur J Orthod 2001;23:411-5 https://doi.org/10.1093/ejo/23.4.411
  13. Eliades T, Kakaboura A, Eliades G, Bradley TG. Comparison of enamel colour changes associated with orthodontic bonding using two different adhesives. Eur J Orthod 2001;23:85-90 https://doi.org/10.1093/ejo/23.1.85
  14. Dahlberg G. Statistical methods for medical and biological students. London: George Allen and Unwin Ltd.; 1948
  15. Radlanski RJ, A new carbide finishing bur for bracket debonding. J Orofac Orthop 2001;62:296-304 https://doi.org/10.1007/PL00001937
  16. 조상완, 권오원. 수종의 clean-up technique이 법랑질 표면거칠기에 미치는 영향. 대치교정지 1997;27:791-800
  17. Tanoue N, Matsumura H, Atsuta M. Wear and surface roughness of current prosthetic composites after toothbrush/dentifrice abrasion. J Prosthet Dent 2000;84:93-6 https://doi.org/10.1067/mpr.2000.107560
  18. Kanter J, Koski RE, Martin D. The relationship of weight loss to surface roughness of composite resins from simulated toothbrushing. J Prosthet Dent 1982:47:505-13 https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3913(82)90300-6
  19. Atlas Suntest Bulletin. Atlas material testing solutions. Geluhausen: Corporate bulletin; 1998
  20. Johnston WM, Kao EC. Assessment of appearance match by visual observation and clinical colorimetry. J Dent Res 1989;68:819-22 https://doi.org/10.1177/00220345890680051301
  21. ten Bosch JJ, Coops JC. Tooth color and reflectance as related to light scattering and enamel hardness. J Dent Res 1995;74:374-80 https://doi.org/10.1177/00220345950740011401
  22. Brown CRL, Way DC. Enamel loss during orthodontic debonding and subsequent loss during removal of filled and unfilled adhesives. Am J Orthod 1978;74:663-71 https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9416(78)90005-2
  23. Artun J, Thylstrup A. Clinical and scanning electron microscopic study of surface changes of incipient caries lesions after debonding. Scand J Dent Res 1986;94:193-201
  24. Bishara SE, Trulove TS. Comparisons of different debonding techniques for ceramic brackets: An in vitro study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1990:98:263-73 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0889-5406(05)81604-X
  25. van Waes H, Matter T, Krejci I. Three-dimensional measurement of enamel loss caused by bonding and debonding of orthodontic brackets. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1997:112:666-9 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0889-5406(97)70232-4
  26. 문은배. 색채의 활용. 서울: 도서출판국제; 2002
  27. Judd DB, Wyszecki G. Color in business, science and industry. 3rd ed. New York: John Wiley and Sons: 1975. p. 5-90
  28. Joiner A. Tooth colour: a review of the literature. J Dent 2004:32:3-12
  29. Brown WRJ. Color discrimination of twelve observers. J Opt Soc Am 1957:47:137-43 https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSA.47.000137
  30. Wyszecki G, Fielder GH. Color-difference matches. J Opt Soc Am 1971:61:1501-13 https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSA.61.001501
  31. Seghi RR, Hewlett ER, Kim J. Visual and instrumental colorimetric assessments of small color differences on translucent dental procelain. J Dent Res 1989;68:1760-4 https://doi.org/10.1177/00220345890680120801
  32. 최용진. 치아 순면 형태가 치아색상 측정결과에 미치는 영향. 전남대학교 석사학논문. 2004
  33. Shimada K, Kakehashi Y, Matsumura H, Tanoue N, In vivo quantitative evaluation of tooth color with hand-held colorimeter and custom template. J Prosthet Dent 2004;91:389-91 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2004.02.006
  34. Douglas RD. Precision of in vivo colorimetric assessments of teeth. J Prosthet Dent 1997:77:464-70 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3913(97)70137-9
  35. Kuehni RG, Marcus RT. An experiment in visual scaling of small color differences. Color Res Appl 1979:4:83-91
  36. Wozniak WT. Proposed guidelines for the acceptance program for dental shade guide. Chicago: American Dental Association; 1987
  37. Obein G, Knoblauch K, Vienot F. Difference scaling of gloss: Nonlinearity, binocularity, and constancy, J Vis 2004:4:711-20 https://doi.org/10.1167/4.9.4
  38. Dalal EN, Natale-Hoffman KM. The effect of gloss on color. Color Res Appl 1999:24:369-76 https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1520-6378(199910)24:5<369::AID-COL8>3.0.CO;2-A
  39. 문주훈, 박영준, 신동훈, 이광원, 이수종, 조영곤 등 역. 치아의 심미수복: 재료의 선택에서 수복.연마까지. 서울: 나래출판사; 1999 p. 127-35
  40. Shintani H, Inoue T, Yarnaki M. Analysis of camphorquinone in visible light-cured composite resins. Dent Mater 1985;1:124-6 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0109-5641(85)80002-6
  41. Burrow MF, Makinson OF. Color change in light-cured resins exposed to daylight. Quintessence Int 1991;22:447-52