Internal Fault Classification in Transformer Windings using Combination of Discrete Wavelet-Transforms and Back-propagation Neural Networks

  • Ngaopitakkul Atthapol (Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang) ;
  • Kunakorn Anantawat (Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang)
  • Published : 2006.06.01

Abstract

This paper presents an algorithm based on a combination of Discrete Wavelet Transforms and neural networks for detection and classification of internal faults in a two-winding three-phase transformer. Fault conditions of the transformer are simulated using ATP/EMTP in order to obtain current signals. The training process for the neural network and fault diagnosis decision are implemented using toolboxes on MATLAB/Simulink. Various cases and fault types based on Thailand electricity transmission and distribution systems are studied to verify the validity of the algorithm. It is found that the proposed method gives a satisfactory accuracy, and will be particularly useful in a development of a modern differential relay for a transformer protection scheme.

Keywords

References

  1. S. H. Horowitz and A. G. Phadke, Power System Relaying, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 1992
  2. A. G. Phadke and J. S. Thorp, 'A new computerbased flux restrained current-differential relay for power transformer protection,' IEEE Trans. on Power Apparatus and System, vol. PAS-102, no. 11, pp. 3624-3629, November 1983 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPAS.1983.317711
  3. T. S. Sidhu and M. S. Sachdev, 'On-line identification of magnetizing inrush current and internal faults in three-phase transformers,' IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 1885-1891, October 1992 https://doi.org/10.1109/61.156991
  4. P. Bastard, P. Bertrand, and M. Meunier, 'A transformer model for winding fault studies,' IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 690-699, April 1994 https://doi.org/10.1109/61.296246
  5. S. M. Islam and G. Ledwich, 'Locating transformer faults through sensitivity analysis of high frequency modeling using transfer function approach,' Proc. of IEEE International Symposium on Electrical Insulation, pp. 38-41, June 1996
  6. H. Wang and K. L. Butler, 'Modeling transformers with internal incipient faults,' IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 500-509, April 2002 https://doi.org/10.1109/61.997926
  7. Y. Zhang, X. Ding, Y. Liu, and P. J. Griffin, 'An artificial neural network approach to transformer fault diagnosis,' IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 1836-1841, October 1996 https://doi.org/10.1109/61.544265
  8. M. G. Morante and D. W. Nocoletti, 'A wavelet - based differential transformer protection,' IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 1352-1358, October 1999
  9. O. A. S. Youssef, 'A wavelet-base technique for discrimination between faults and magnetizing inrush currents in transformers,' IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 170-176, January 2003 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRD.2002.803797
  10. P. Purkait and S. Chakravorti, 'Wavelet transformbased impulse fault pattern recognition in distribution transformers,' IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 1588-1589, October 2003 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRD.2003.817845
  11. I. Daubechies, 'The wavelet transform, timefrequency localization and signal analysis,' IEEE Trans. on Information Theory, vol. 36, no. 5, pp. 961-1005, September 1990 https://doi.org/10.1109/18.57199
  12. C. H. Kim and R. Aggarwal, 'Wavelet transforms in power systems: Part I. General introduction to the wavelet transforms,' IEE Power Engineering Journal, pp. 81-87, April 2000
  13. Z. Q. Bo, M. A. Redfern, and G. C. Weller, 'Positional protection of transmission line using fault generated high frequency transient signals,' IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 888-894, July 2000 https://doi.org/10.1109/61.871348
  14. P. Makming, S. Bunjongjit, A. Kunakorn, S. Jiriwibhakorn, and M. Kando, 'Fault diagnosis in transmission lines using wavelet transforms,' Proc. of IEEE Transmission and Distribution Conference, Yokohama, Japan, pp. 2246-2250, October 2002
  15. IEEE working group 15.08.09 'Modeling and analysis of system transients using digital programs,' IEEE PES special publication
  16. ABB Thailand, Test report no. 56039
  17. A. Ngaopitakkul, A. Kunakorn, and I. Ngamroo, 'Discrimination between external short circuits and internal faults in transformer windings using discrete wavelet transforms,' Proc. of 40th IEEE Industries Application Society Annual Conference, Hongkong, October 2005
  18. H. Demuth and M. Beale, Neural Network Toolbox User's Guide, The Math Work, March 2001