The Self-concept of Korean-American University Student Victims of Childhood Physical Abuse

  • Lee, Seung-Hee (Dept. of Child and Family Studies, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Shin, Kui-Soon (Major in Venture Business for Children, Daejeon University)
  • Published : 2006.06.30

Abstract

This study examined the impact of childhood physical abuse on the self-concept of older adolescents and assessed perceptions of parental relationships as a mediator for consequences of abuse. Sixty-college undergraduates (aged 18-23 yrs.) completed this study. (1) The Self-Description Questionnaires, a multidimensional measure of self-concept, (2) the parent scales of the inventory parent and Peer Attachment, a measure of perceived parental support, and (3) the Assessing Environments, a retrospective report of family environment and parenting practices. Analyses, controlling for SES and education, showed that a history of physical abuse was a strong predictive of adolescence current self-concept. Further analyses would lend support to a mediation model, suggesting that physical abuse had a negative impact on self-concept through its negative effect on parent-child relationships.

Keywords

References

  1. Armsden, G. C., & Greenberg, M. T. (1989). The inventory of parent and peer attachment
  2. Briere, J., & Runtz, M. (1988). Multivariate correlates of childhood psychological and physical maltreatment among university women. Child Abuse & Neglect, 12(3), 331-341 https://doi.org/10.1016/0145-2134(88)90046-4
  3. Briere, J., & Runtz, M. (1989). The trauma symptom checklist (TSC - 33): Early data on a new scale. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 4(2), 151- 163 https://doi.org/10.1177/088626089004002002
  4. Briere, J., & Runtz, M. (1990). Differential adult symptomatology associated with three types of child abuse histories. Child Abuse & Neglect, 14(3), 357-364 https://doi.org/10.1016/0145-2134(90)90007-G
  5. Briere, J., & Elliott, D. M. (1993). Sexual abuse, family environment, and psychological symptoms: On the validity of statistical control. Journal of Consulting & Clinical Psychology, 61(2), 284- 288 https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.61.2.284
  6. Brown, J., Cohen, P., Johnson, J. G., & others (1998). A longitudinal analysis of risk factors for child maltreatment: Findings of a 17-year prospective study of officially recorded and self-reported child abuse and neglect. Child Abuse & Neglect, 22(11), 1065-1078 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0145-2134(98)00087-8
  7. Cattanach, A. (1998). The role of play in the life of the child. Child Psychology & Psychiatry Review, 3(3), 113-114 https://doi.org/10.1017/S1360641798001609
  8. Christopoulos,C., Cohn, D. A., & Shaw, D. S. et al. (1987). Children of abused women: O. adjustment at time of shelter residence. Journal of Marriage & the Family, 49(3), 611-619 https://doi.org/10.2307/352206
  9. Cole, S. S. (1986). Facing the challenges of sexual abuse in persons with disabilities. Sexuality & Disability, 7(3-4), 71-88
  10. Fantuzzo, J. W., DePuola, L. M., Lambert, L., & others. (1991). Effects of interparental violence on the psychological adjustment and competencies of young children. Journal of Consulting & Clinical Psychology, 59(2), 258-265 https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.59.2.258
  11. Finkelhor, D., Hotaling, G., Lewis, I. A., & Smith, C. (1990). Sexual abuse in a national survey of adult men and women: Prevalence, characteristics, and risk factors. Child Abuse & Neglect, 14, 19-28 https://doi.org/10.1016/0145-2134(90)90077-7
  12. Garbarino, J., & Ebata, A. (1983). The significance of ethnic and cultural differences in child maltreatment. Journal of Marriage and The Family, 773-781
  13. Gelles, R.. (1983). An exchange/social control therapy. The Dark Side of Families: Current Family Violence Research, Beverly Hills: Sage Publication Inc
  14. Hilberman, E., & Munson, K. (1977). Sixty battered women. Victimology, 2, 460-470
  15. Holden, G. W., & Ritchie, K. L. (1991). Linking extreme marital discord, child rearing, and child behavior problems: Evidence from battered women. Child Development, 62(2), 311-327 https://doi.org/10.2307/1131005
  16. Hughes, H. M., & Barad, S. J. (1983). Psychological functioning of children in a battered women's shelter: A preliminary investigation. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 53(3), 525-531 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-0025.1983.tb03396.x
  17. Jaffe, P., Wolfe, D., Wilson, S. K., & Zak, L. (1986). Child witnesses to violence between parents: Critical issues in behavioral and social adjustment. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 14(1), 95-104 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00917225
  18. Kaufman, J., & Cicchetti, D. (1989). Effects of maltreatment on school-age children's sociomotional development: Assessments in a daycamp setting. Developmental Psychology, 25, 516-524 https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.25.4.516
  19. Kemp, R., & Helper, R. ed.(1972). Helping the Battered Child and His Family, Philadelphia: Lippinctott
  20. Kemp, R., & Kemp, H. (1978). Child Abuse. Cambridge: Harvard University Press
  21. Klein, M., & Stern, L. (1980). Low Birth Weight and the Battered Child syndrome. W. Gertrude & J. Money ed., Traumatic Abuse and Neglect of Child at Home. Baltimore and London: The John Hopkins University Press
  22. Korbin, J. (1977). Anthropological Contribution to the Study of Child Abuse and Neglect. Child Abuse & Neglect, 1(1), 7-24 https://doi.org/10.1016/0145-2134(77)90042-4
  23. Korbin, J. (1979). Cross-cultural Perspective on the Role of the Community in Child Abuse and Neglect. Child Abuse & Neglect, 3(1), 9-18 https://doi.org/10.1016/0145-2134(79)90006-1
  24. Korbin, J. ed. (1981). Child Abuse and Neglect: Crosscultural Perspectives. Berkeley and Los Angeles, University of California Press
  25. Lopez, M. A., & Heffer, R. W. (1998). Self-concept and social competence of university student victims of childhood physical abuse. Child Abuse & Neglect, 22(3), 1830-1895
  26. Marsh, H. W. (1990). Manual for the Self-Description Questionnaire III. Camphelltown, Australia: University of Western Sidney
  27. Mennen, F. E. (1993). Evaluation of risk factors in childhood sexual abuse. Journal of American Academic Child Adolescent Psychiatry, 32, 934-939 https://doi.org/10.1097/00004583-199309000-00007
  28. Ney, P. G., & Wikett, A. R. (1994). The worst combinations of child abuse and neglect. Child Abuse & Neglect, 18(9), 705-714 https://doi.org/10.1016/0145-2134(94)00037-9
  29. Nicholas, K. B., & Bieber, S. L. (1997). Assessment of perceived parenting behaviors: The exposure to abusive and supportive environments parenting inventory (EASE-PI). Journal of Family Violence, 12(3), 275-291 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022848820975
  30. Nobes, G., & Smith, M. (1997). Physical punishment of children in two-parent families. Clinical Child Psychology & Psychiatry, 2(2), 271-281 https://doi.org/10.1177/1359104597022007
  31. Noh, J. O. (1994). Factor analysis of mistreatment of children. Journal of Korean Counseling, 5-32
  32. Pelton, L. ed. (1981). The Social Context of Child Abuse and Neglect, New York: Human Science Press
  33. Rosen, L. N., & Martin, L. (1996). The measurement of childhood trauma among male and female soldiers in the U.S.. Army. Military Medicine, 161, 342-345 https://doi.org/10.1093/milmed/161.6.342
  34. Rosenberg, D. A. (1987). Web of deceit: A literature review of Munchausen syndrome by proxy. Child Abuse & Neglect, 11(4), 547-563 https://doi.org/10.1016/0145-2134(87)90081-0
  35. Starr, R. H., Maclean, D.J., & Keating, D. P. (1991). Life-0span developmental outcomes of child maltreatment, 1-32: The Effects of Child Abuse and Neglect: Issues and Research
  36. Stern, A. E., Lynch, D. L., Oates, R. K., O'Toole, B. I., & Cooney, G. (1995). Self-esteem, depression, behavior and family functioning in sexually abused children. Journal of Child Psychology Psychiatry, 36(6), 1077-1089 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.1995.tb01352.x
  37. Sturkie, K., & Flanzer, J. P. (1987). Depression and self-esteem in the families of maltreated adolescents. Social Work, 491-496
  38. Suh, E. K., & Abel, E. M. (1990). The impact of spousal violence on the children of the bused. Journal of Independent Social Work, 4(4), 27- 34 https://doi.org/10.1300/J283v04n04_03
  39. Vance, H. B., & Pumariega, A. (2001). Clinical assessment of child and adolescent behavior. New York : NY, US John Wiley & Sons, Inc
  40. Williamson, J. M., Borduin, C. M., & Howe, B. A. (1991). The ecology of adolescent maltreatment: A multilevel examination of adolescent physical abuse, sexual abuse, and neglect. Journal of Counseling and Clinical Psychology, 59(3), 449-457 https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.59.3.449
  41. Wind, T. W., & Silvern, L. (1994). Parenting and family stress as mediators of the long-term effects of child abuse. Child Abuse & Neglect, 18(5), 439-453 https://doi.org/10.1016/0145-2134(94)90029-9
  42. Yeon, J. Y. (1991). The status of Child abuse and its consequences. Journal of Korean Counseling, 1-26