Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health

The Korean Society for Preventive Medicine (대한예방의학회)
권호 표지

Glutathione S-transferases (GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1) and N-acetyltransferase 2 Polymorphisms and the Risk of Gastric Cancer

위암 환자에서 Glutathione S-transferases (GSTM1, GSTT1, GSTP1) 및 N-acetyltransferase 2 유전자 다형성 분포

  • Hong, Su-Hyung (Department of Dental Microbiology, Kyungpook National University School of Dentistry) ;
  • Kim, Jung-Wan (Department of Dental Microbiology, Kyungpook National University School of Dentistry) ;
  • Kim, Ho-Gak (Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine) ;
  • Park, In-Kyu (Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine) ;
  • Ryoo, Jun-Wook (Department of Dental Microbiology, Kyungpook National University School of Dentistry) ;
  • Lee, Chang-Hyeong (Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine) ;
  • Sohn, Yoon-Kyung (Department of Pathology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Jong-Young (Department of Preventive Medicinee, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine)
  • 홍수형 (경북대학교 치의학전문대학원 구강미생물학교실) ;
  • 김정완 (경북대학교 치의학전문대학원 구강미생물학교실) ;
  • 김호각 (대구가톨릭대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 박인규 (경북대학교 의학전문대학원 치료방사선과학교실) ;
  • 류준욱 (경북대학교 치의학전문대학원 구강미생물학교실) ;
  • 이창형 (대구가톨릭대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 손윤경 (경북대학교 의학전문대학원 병리학교실) ;
  • 이종영 (경북대학교 의학전문대학원 예방의학교실)
  • Published : 2006.03.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Objectives : Polymorphisms of genes from glutathione Stransferases (GSTs) and N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) have been associated with increased susceptibility to various cancers. Previous results showed that East Asians such as Koreans, Japanese and Chinese have a much higher frequency of the GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotypes and NAT2 rapid acetylator type. Therefore, we investigated the association between the polymorphic types of GSTs (GSTM1, GSTT1, GSTP1) and NAT2 and the incidence of gastric cancer which is one of the most prevalent cancers among the East Asians. Methods : It was performed in a case-control study consisting of 238 healthy subjects and 108 cancer patients (54 distal and 54 proximal carcinomas). We also evaluated the association between GSTs and NAT2 and the risk factors for gastric cancer such as alcohol consumption, smoking, H. pylori infection, family history of gastric cancer, and tumor location. Results : In our study, the percentage of cases whose hometown was rural was higher than those of controls (odds ratio (OR) =2.88; 95% CI=1.72-4.76), and the frequency of the lower socio-economic status increased significantly in patients (OR=2.53; 95% CI=1.59-4.02). There was no significant difference in the GST polymorphic types between the cases and controls. However, NAT2 rapid or intermediate acetylator types were frequently detected in the cases with family history of gastric cancer (OR=1.92; 95% CI=1.79-26.0). Conclusions : These results suggest that the hometown and socio-economic status are important environmental factors for gastric carcinogenesis, and NAT2 polymorphic types could be associated with familial gastric carcinoma.

Keywords

References

  1. Ketterer B. Protective role of glutathione and glutathione transferases in mutagenesis and carcinogenesis. Mutat Res 1988; 202: 343-361 https://doi.org/10.1016/0027-5107(88)90197-2
  2. Hein DW, Doll MA, Rustan TD, Gray K, Feng Y, Ferguson RJ, Grant DM. Metabolic activation and deactivation of arylamine carcinogens by recombinant human NAT1 and polymorphic NAT2 acetyltransferases. Carcinogenesis 1993; 14: 1633-1638 https://doi.org/10.1093/carcin/14.8.1633
  3. Gross M, Kmisselbrink T, Anderson K, Lang N, McGovern P, Delongchamp R, Kadlubar F. Distribution and concordance of N-acetyltransferase genotype and phenotype in an American population. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 1999; 8: 683-692
  4. Pemble S, Schroeder KR, Spencer SR, Meyer DJ, Hallier E, Bolt HM, Ketterer B, Taylor JB. Human glutathione S-transferase theta (GSTT1): cDNA cloning and the characterization of a genetic polymorphism. Biochem J 1994; 300 (Pt 1): 271-276 https://doi.org/10.1042/bj3000271
  5. Wieneke JK, Pemble S, Ketterer B, Kelsey KT. Gene deletion of glutathione S-transferase theta: correlation with induced genetic damage and potential role in endogenous mutagenesis. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 1995; 4: 253-259
  6. Bell DA, Taylor JA, Paulson DF, Robertson CN, Mohler JL, Lucier GW. Genetic risk and carcinogen exposure: a common inherited defect of the carcinogen-metabolism gene glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) that increases susceptibility to bladder cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 1993; 85: 1159-1164 https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/85.14.1159
  7. Chenevix-Trench G, Young J, Coggan M, Board P. Glutathione S-transferase M1 and T1 polymorphisms: susceptibility to colon cancer and age of onset. Carcinogenesis 1995; 16: 1655-1657 https://doi.org/10.1093/carcin/16.7.1655
  8. Gsur A, Haidinger G, Hinteregger S, Bernhofer G, Schatzl G, Madersbacher S, Marberger M, Vutuc C, Micksche M. Polymorphisms of glutathione-S-transferase genes (GSTP1, GSTM1 and GSTT1) and prostate-cancer risk. Int J Cancer 2001; 95: 152-155 https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0215(20010520)95:3<152::AID-IJC1026>3.0.CO;2-S
  9. Bell DA, Badawi AF, Lang NP, Ilett KF, Kadlubar FF, Hirvonen A. Polymorphism in the N-acetyltransferase 1 (NAT1) polyadenylation signal: association of NAT1*10 allele with higher N-acetylation activity in bladder and colon tissue. Cancer Res 1995; 55: 5226-5229
  10. de Bruin WC, Wagenmans MJ, Peters WH. Expression of glutathione S-transferase alpha, P1-1 and T1-1 in the human gastrointestinal tract. Jpn J Cancer Res 2000; 91: 310-316 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1349-7006.2000.tb00946.x
  11. Conde AR, Martins G, Saraiva C, Rueff J, Monteiro C. Association of p53 genomic instability with the glutathione S-transferase null genotype in gastric cancer in the Portuguese population. Mol Pathol 1999; 52: 131-134 https://doi.org/10.1136/mp.52.3.131
  12. Sambrook J FE, Maniatis T. Isolation of high-molecular-weight DNA from mammalian cells. In: Sambrook J, Maniatis T, editors. Molecular cloning: A laboratory manual. New York: Cold Spring Harbor Lab. Press; 1989. p. 9.16-19.22
  13. Ali-Osman F, Akande O, Antoun G, Mao JX, Buolamwini J. Molecular cloning, characterization, and expression in Escherichia coli of full-length cDNAs of three human glutathione Stransferase Pi gene variants. Evidence for differential catalytic activity of the encoded proteins. J Biol Chem 1997; 272: 10004-10012 https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.272.15.10004
  14. Harries LW, Stubbins MJ, Forman D, Howard GC, Wolf CR. Identification of genetic polymorphisms at the glutathione S-transferase Pi locus and association with susceptibility to bladder, testicular and prostate cancer. Carcinogenesis 1997; 18: 641-644 https://doi.org/10.1093/carcin/18.4.641
  15. Taylor JA, Umbach DM, Stephens E, Castranio T, Paulson D, Robertson C, Mohler JL, Bell DA. The role of N-acetylation polymorphisms in smoking-associated bladder cancer: evidence of a gene-gene-exposure three-way interaction. Cancer Res 1998; 58: 3603-3610
  16. Mashimo M, Suzuki T, Abe M, Deguchi T. Molecular genotyping of N-acetylation polymorphism to predict phenotype. Hum Genet 1992; 90: 139-143
  17. Kang T, El-Sohemy A, Cornelis M, Joung C, Lee H, Uhm W, Kim T, Jun J, Yoo D, Kim T, Bae S. Glutathione S-transferase Gene Polymorphisms and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Korean Rheum Assoc 2003; 10: 234-2 (Korean)
  18. Nam HM KH, Kang JW, Bae JW, Choe KH, Lee KH, Kim ST, Won CW, Kim YM. A Case-Control Study on Effects of Gsnetic Polymorphisms of GSTM1, GSTT1, CYP1A1 and CYP2E1 on Risk of Lung Cancer. Korean J Prev Med 1999; 32: 123-129 (Korean)
  19. Yun H, Kim J, Song Y, Park J, Lee C, Nam H, Kim H. Effect of the Genetic Polymorphism of N-acetyltransferase 2 and Diet on the Carcinogenesis of Gastric Cancer in Koreans. J Korean Surg Soc. 2003; 64: 459-465 (Korean)
  20. Hung HC, Chuang J, Chien YC, Chern HD, Chiang CP, Kuo YS, Hildesheim A, Chen CJ. Genetic polymorphisms of CYP2E1, GSTM1, and GSTT1; environmental factors and risk of oral cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 1997; 6: 901-905
  21. Yamamura K, Kiyohara C, Nakanishi Y, Takayama K, Hara N. [Lung cancer risk and genetic polymorphism at the glutathione Stransferase P1 locus in male Japanese]. FukuokaIgaku Zasshi 2000; 91: 203-206
  22. Ellard GA. Variations between individuals and populations in the acetylation of isoniazid and its significance for the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1976; 19: 610-625 https://doi.org/10.1002/cpt1976195part2610
  23. Lin HJ, Han CY, Bernstein DA, Hsiao W, Lin BK, Hardy S. Ethnic distribution of the glutathione transferase Mu 1-1 (GSTM1) null genotype in 1473 individuals and application to bladder cancer susceptibility. Carcinogenesis 1994;15: 1077-1081 https://doi.org/10.1093/carcin/15.5.1077
  24. Kelsey KT, Spitz MR, Zuo ZF, Wieneke JK. Polymorphisms in the glutathione S-transferase class mu and theta genes interact and increase susceptibility to lung cancer in minority populations (Texas, United States). Cancer Causes Control 1997; 8: 554-559 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1018434027502
  25. Nelson HH, Wieneke JK, Christiani DC, Cheng TJ, Zuo ZF, Schwartz BS, Lee BK, Spitz MR, Wang M, Xu X. Ethnic differences in the prevalence of the homozygous deleted genotype of glutathione S-transferase theta. Carcinogenesis 1995;16: 1243-1245 https://doi.org/10.1093/carcin/16.5.1243
  26. Curran JE, Weinstein SR, Griffiths LR. Polymorphisms of glutathione S-transferase genes (GSTM1, GSTP1 and GSTT1) and breast cancer susceptibility. Cancer Lett 2000; 153: 113-120 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3835(00)00361-X
  27. Parker SL, Tong T, Bolden S, Wingo PA. Cancer statistics, 1997. CA Cancer J Clin 1997;47:5-27 https://doi.org/10.3322/canjclin.47.1.5
  28. Munoz N, Franceschi S. Epidemiology of gastric cancer and perspectives for prevention. Salud Publica Mex 1997; 39: 318-330
  29. Katoh T, Nagata N, Kuroda Y, Itoh H, Kawahara A, Kuroki N, Ookuma R, Bell DA Glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) and T1 (GSTT1) genetic polymorphism and susceptibility to gastric and colorectal adenocarcinoma. Carcinogenesis 1996; 17: 1855-1859 https://doi.org/10.1093/carcin/17.9.1855
  30. Setiawan VW, Zhang ZF, Yu GP, Li YL, Lu ML, Tsai CJ, Cordova D, Wang MR, Guo CH, Yu SZ, Kurtz RC. GSTT1 and GSTM1 null genotypes and the risk of gastric cancer: a case-control study in a Chinese population. Cancer Epidemiol Biomakers Prev 2000; 9: 73-80
  31. Setiawan VW, Zhang ZF, Yu GP, Lu QY, Li YL, Lu ML, Wang MR, Guo CH, Yu SZ, Kurtz RC, Hsieh CC. GSTP1 polymorphisms and gastric cancer in a high-risk Chinese population. Cancer Causes Control 2001; 12: 673-681 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011261602940
  32. Ladera JM, Agundez JA, Olivera M, Lozano L, Rodriguez-Lescure A, Diaz-Rubio M, Benitez J. N-acetyltransferase 2 single-nucleotide polymorphisms and risk of gastric carcinoma. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2002; 58: 115-118 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00228-002-0460-7
  33. Boissy RJ, Watson MA, Umbach DM, Deakin M, Elder J, Strange RC, Bell DA. A pilot study investigating the role of NAT1 and NAT2 polymorphisms in gastric adenocarcinoma. Int J Cancer 2000; 87: 507-511 https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0215(20000815)87:4<507::AID-IJC7>3.0.CO;2-I
  34. Welfare M, Monesola Adeokun A, Bassendine MF, Daly AK. Polymorphisms in GSTP1, GSTM1, and GSTT1 and susceptibility to colorectal cancer. Cancer Epidermol Biomarkers Prev 1999; 8: 289-292
  35. Cai L, Yu SZ, Zhang ZF. Glutathione Stransferases M1, T1 genotypes and the risk of gastric cancer: a case-control study. World J Gastroenterol 2001;7: 506-509 https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v7.i4.506
  36. Katoh T, Boissy R, Nagata N, Kitagawa K, Kuroda Y, Itoh H, Kawamoto T, Bell DA. Inherited polymorphism in the Nacetyltransferase 1(NAT1) and 2(NAT2) genes and susceptibility to gastric and colorectal adenocarcinoma. Int J Cancer 2000; 85: 46-49 https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0215(20000101)85:1<46::AID-IJC8>3.0.CO;2-0
  37. Zenser TV, Lakshmi VM, Rustan TD, Doll MA, Deitz AC, Davis BB, Hein DW. Human N-acetylation of benzidine: role of NAT1 and NAT2. Cancer Res 1996; 56: 3941-3947
  38. Kato S, Onda M, Matsukura N, Tokunaga A, Matsuda N, Yamashita K, Shields PG. Genetic polymorphisms of the cancer related gene and Helicobacter pylori infection in Japanese gastric cancer patients. An age and gender matched case-control study. Cancer 1996; 77: 1654-1661
  39. Park J, Song Y, Yun H, Kim H, Ahn Y, Kim S, Kim J, Kang J, Nan H, Kim Y. The Risk of Gastric Cancer in Koreans according to Smoking, Drinking, Diet, and the Genetic Polymorphisms of Glutathione S-Transferases and L-myc Protooncogene. J Korean Cancer Assoc 2000; 32: 997-1006
  40. Suzuki S, Muroishi Y, Nakanishi I, Oda Y. Relationship between genetic polymorphisms of drug-metabolizing enzymes (CYP1A1, CYP2E1, GSTM1, and NAT2), drinking habits, histological subtypes, and p53 gene point mutations in Japanese patients with gastric cancer. J Gastroenterol 2004; 39: 220-230 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00535-003-1281-x