Mycobiology

The Korean Society of Mycology (한국균학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Production of Gluconic Acid by Some Local Fungi

  • Shindia, A.A. (Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University) ;
  • El-Sherbeny, G.A. (Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University) ;
  • El-Esawy, A.E. (Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University) ;
  • Sheriff, Y.M.M.M. (Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University)
  • Published : 2006.03.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Forty-one fungal species belonging to 15 fungal genera isolated from Egyptian soil and sugar cane waste samples were tested for their capacity of producing acidity and gluconic acid. For the tests, the fungi were grown on glucose substrate and culture filtrates were examined using paper chromatography analysis. Most of the tested fungi have a relative wide potentiality for total acid production in their filtrates. Nearly 51% of them showed their ability of producing gluconic acid. Aspergillus niger was distinguishable from other species by its capacity to produce substantial amounts of gluconic acid when it was cultivated on a selective medium. The optimized cultural conditions for gluconic acid yields were using submerged culture at $30^{\circ}C$ at initial pH 6.0 for 7 days of incubation. Among the various concentrations of substrate used, glucose (14%, w/v) was found to be the most suitable carbon source for maximal gluconic acid during fermentation. Maximum values of fungal biomass (10.02 g/l) and gluconic acid (58.46 g/l) were obtained when the fungus was grown with 1% peptone as sole nitrogen source. Influence of the concentration of some inorganic salts as well as the rate of aeration on the gluconic acid and biomass production is also described.

Keywords

References

  1. Arnberkar, G. R., Thadani, S. B. and Doctor, V. M. 1965. Production of calcium gluconate by Penicillum chrysogenum in submerged culture. Appl Microbiol. 13: 31-719
  2. Barron, G. L. 1998. The general of Hyphomycetes from soil. The Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, USA
  3. Carmichael, J. W., Brycekendrick, W., Conners, I. L. and Sigler, L. 1980. Genera of Hyphomycetes. The Univ. of Alberta Press, Canada
  4. Cochrane, V. W. 1958: Physiology of fungi. John Wiley and Sons, Inc. London
  5. Domsch, K. H., Gams, W. and Anderson, T. 1980. Compendium of soil fungi, Academic Press
  6. El-Enshasy, H. A. 2003. Production of gluconic acid by free and immobilized cells of recombinant Aspergillus niger in batch cultures. Egypt. J. Biotechnol. 13: 187-201
  7. EI-Ktatney, M. S. 1978. Studies on the production of organic acid by some locally isolate fungi. M.Sc. Thesis, Bot. Dept. Fac. Sci. Assiut Univ. Egypt
  8. El-Naghy, M. A. and Megalla, S. E. 1975. Gluconic acid production by Penicillium puberulum, Folia Microbiol. 20: 504-508 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02891710
  9. Gilurnan, J. C. 1957. A manual of soil fungi. Iowa State Univ. Pres. Ames. Iowa USA
  10. Hicks, C. R. 1983. Fundamental concepts in the design of experimental CBS. College Publishing, New York
  11. Hill, G. A. and Robinson, C. W. 1988. Morphological behavior of S. cerevisiae during continuous fermentation of calcium gluconate. Biotechnol Lett. 11: 805-810
  12. Johnson, L. E., Curl, E. A., Bond, J. H. and Fribourgy, H. A. 1959. Methods for studying soil microflora-plant disease relationship. Burgess Pub. Co. Minn. USA
  13. Koepsell, H. J., Stodola, F. H. and Sharpe, E. S. 1952. Production of $\alpha$-ketoglutarate in glucose oxidation by Pseudomonas fluorescens. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 74: 5142-5144 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01140a044
  14. Kundu, P. N. and Das, A. 1984. Utilization of cheap carbohydrate sources for production of calcium gluconate by Penicillim funiculosum mutant MN-238. Ind. J. Exp. Biol. 22: 279281
  15. Lockwood, L. B. 1975. Orgainc acid production in the filamentous fungi. Vol. l Industrial Mycology. (Eds. Smith, H. E. and Berry, D. E.): Edward Arnold (Pub.) Itd. London P. 140
  16. Lee, H. W., Pan, J. G. and Lebeault, J. M. 1998. Calcium gluconate form glucose substrate, Appl. Microbial. Biotechol. 49: 915
  17. Madhavi, C. H., Subramani, S. and Datta, M. D. 1999. Fermentative production of gluconic acid using cheese whey. J. Food sci. Technol. 36: 361-364
  18. Molliard, M. 1992. Sure une nouvelle fermentation acide production parle Sterigmatocyti niger. Comp. Rend. 147: 981-903
  19. Moresi, M., Parente, E. and Mazzatura, A. 1991. Effect of dissolved oxygen concentration on repeated production of gluconic acid by immobilized mycelia of Aspergillus niger. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 36: 320-323
  20. Moresi, M., Parente, E. and Mazzatura, A. 1992. Gluconic acid production from grape must surplus by immobilized mycelia of Aspergillus niger. Annali. Microbiol- ed- Enzimologia. 42: 173-184
  21. Nelson. E. P., Taussow, T. A. and Marasas, W. F. O. 1983. Fusarium species, an illustrated manual for identification. The Pennsylvania state Univ. Press, Univ. Park and London
  22. Nour-Eldein, O. O. 1972. Production of gluconic acid by fermentation. M.SC. Thesis, Fac. Agric. Ain Shams Univ. Cairo UAR
  23. Oxide Limited, 1982. The Oxoid manual of culture media, ingredients, and other laboratory service. Turner graphic, Ltd, England, Fifth edition
  24. Peppler, H. G. 1967. Microbial Technology. Reinhold Pub. Corp., New York
  25. Petruccioli, M. and Federica, F. 1993. Glucose oxidase production by Penicillium variabile $P_{16}$: effect of medium composition. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 75: 369-372 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.1993.tb02789.x
  26. Petruccioli, M., Piccioni, P., Fenice, M. and Federica, F. 1994. Glucose oxidase, catalase and gluconic acid production by immobilized mycelium of Penicillium variabile. P16. Biotechnol. Lett. 16: 939-942 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00128629
  27. Rao, D. S., Panda, T. and Subba, R. D. 1993. Comparative analysis of calcium gluconate techniques for the production of gluconic acid by Aspergillus niger. Bioprocess Eng. Berlin. 8: 203-207 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00369830
  28. Raper, K. B. and Fennell, D. I. 1977. The genus Aspergillus. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, USA
  29. Rosenberg, M., Svitel, J., Rosenbergova, I. and Sturdik, E. 1992. Gluconic acid production by Aspergillus niger with oxygen supply by hydrogen peroxide. Bioprecess. Eng. 7: 309-301 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00705160
  30. Roukas, T. 2000. Citric and gluconic acid production from fig by Aspergillus niger using solid-state fermentation. J. Induse Microbiol. Biotechnol. 25: 298-304 https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.jim.7000101
  31. Shah, D. N. and Kothri, R. M. 1993. Glucose oxidase rich Aspergillus niger strain an economical substrate for the preparation of table grade calcium gluconate. Biotechnol. Lett. 15: 35-40 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00131549
  32. Sankpal, N. V., Joshi, A. P., Sutar, I. I. and Kulkami, B. D. 1999 Continuous production of gluconic acid by Aspergillus niger immobilized on a cellulosic support: study of low pH fermentative behavior of Aspergillus niger. Processes Biochem. 35: 317-325 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0032-9592(99)00074-6
  33. Spankpal, N. V., Cheema, J. J. S., Jambe, S. S. and Julkarni, B. D. 2001. An artificial intelligence tool for bioprocesses monitoring: Application to continuous production of gluconic acid by immobilized Aspergillus niger. Biotechnol. Lett. 23: 911-916 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010551719536
  34. Spankpal, N. V., and Kulkarni, B. D. 2002. Optimization of fermentation conditions for gluconic acid production using Aspergillus niger immobilized on cellulose micro-fabrics. Process Biochem. 37: 1345-1350
  35. Singh, O. V., Pereira, B. M. J. and Singh, R. P. 1999. Isolation and characterization of a potent fungal strain Aspergillus niger ORS-4 for gluconic acid production. J. Sci. Industrial Res. 58: 594-600
  36. Singh, O. V., Sharma, A. and Singh R. P. 2001. Gluconic acid production by Aspergillus niger mutant ORS-4.410 in submerged and solid state surface fermentation. Indian J. Exp. Boil. 39: 691-696
  37. Smith, N. R. and Dawson, V. T. 1944. The bacteriostatic action of rose bengal in media used for plate counts of soil fungi. Soil. Sci. 58: 467-471 https://doi.org/10.1097/00010694-194412000-00006
  38. Subba-Rao, D., Panda, T. and Roa, D. S. 1994. Comparative analysis of different whole cell immobilized Aspergillus niger catalysts for gluconic acid fermentation using pretreated can molasses. Bioproc. Eng. 11: 209-212 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00369632
  39. Tasun, K., Chose and Ghen, 1970. Sugar determination by DNS method. Biotechol. Bioeng. 12: 921 https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.260120606
  40. Temash, S. and Olarna, Z. A. 1999. Optimization of glucose oxides and gluconic acid production by Penicillim purpurescens using Banana waste under solid-state fermentation. J. Medical Research Institute 20: 54-62
  41. Teskova, K. and Vicheva, A. 1993. Kinetics of the gluconic acid biosynthesis by strain Aspergillus niger 13, 37. Acta. Microbial. Bulg. 30: 51-55
  42. Vassilve, N. B., Vassilve, M. C. H. and Spessova, D. I. 1993. Production of gluconic acid by Aspergillus niger immobilized on polyurethane foam. Appl. Microbiol. Biotech. 39: 385-288
  43. Velizarov, S. and Bechkov, V. 1994. Production of free gluconic acid by cells of Gluconobacter oxidans. Biotechnol. Lett. 16: 715-720 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00136477

Cited by

  1. Enantiomer excesses of rare and common sugar derivatives in carbonaceous meteorites vol.113, pp.24, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1603030113
  2. using breadfruit hydrolysate vol.40, pp.3, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1111/jfpe.12461
  3. NCFT 4269.10 using agro-waste as a substrate vol.8, pp.2, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1080/17597269.2016.1221296