Southwestward Intrusion of Korea Strait Bottom Cold Water Observed in 2003 and 2004

  • Published : 2006.12.31

Abstract

Hydrographic surveys were carried out four times in the western channel of the Korea Strait in March and August 2003 and in June and November 2004. The bottom cold water, which was lower than $10^{\circ}C$, appeared in the channel trough except in March 2003. It flowed southwestward along the shelf of Korean coasts in August 2003 and in November 2004. The width and the maximum speed of the intrusion current were about 20 km and approximately $25\;cm\;s^{-1}$, respectively, off Ulsan, Korea. The volume transport of the bottom cold water was estimated 0.019 Sv ($Sv{\equiv}10^6\;m^3\;s^{-1}$) in August 2003 and 0.026 Sv in November 2004.

Keywords

References

  1. An, H.S. 1974. On the cold water mass around the southeast coast of Korean Peninsula. J. Oceanol. Soc. Korea, 9(1-2), 10-18
  2. Chang, K.-I., W.J. Teague, S.J. Lyu, H.T. Perkins, D.-K. Lee, D.R. Watts, Y.-B. Kim, D.A. Mitchell, C.M. Lee, and K. Kim. 2004. Circulation and currents in the southwestern East/Japan Sea: Overview and review. Prog. Oceanogr., 61, 105-156 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2004.06.005
  3. Cho, Y.-K., K. Kim, and Y.-G. Kim. 1997. Structure and dynamics of the cold water in the western channel of the Korea Strait. J. Korean Soc. Coast. Ocean Engineer., 9, 132-139
  4. Cho, Y.-K. and K. Kim. 1998. Structure of the Korea Strait Bottom Cold Water and its seasonal variation in 1991. Cont. Shelf Res., 18, 791-804 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0278-4343(98)00013-2
  5. Cho, Y.-K. and K. Kim. 2000. Branching mechanism of the Tsushima Current in the Korea Strait. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 30(11), 2788-2797. doi:10.1175/1520-0485(2000)030<2788: BMOTTC> 2.0.CO;2
  6. Choi, B.-J., D. B. Haidvogel, and Y.-K. Cho. 2004. Nonseasonal sea level variations in the Japan/East Sea from satellite altimeter data. J. Geophys. Res., 109, C12028. doi:10.1029/ 2004JC002387
  7. Jacobs, G.A., J. W. Book, H. T. Perkins, and W. J. Teague. 2001. Inertial oscillations in the Korea Strait. J. Geophys. Res., 106, 26943-26957 https://doi.org/10.1029/2000JC000509
  8. Johnson, D.R. and W.J. Teague. 2002. Observations of the Korea Strait bottom cold water. Cont. Shelf Res., 22, 821-831 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0278-4343(01)00099-1
  9. Lim, D.B. 1973. The movement of the cold water in the Korea Strait. J. Oceanol. Soc. Korea, 8, 46-52
  10. Lim, D.B. and S.D. Chang. 1969. On the cold water mass in the Korea Strait. J. Oceanol. Soc. Korea, 4(2), 71-82
  11. Lyu, S.J. and K. Kim. 2005. Subinertial to interannual transport variations in the Korea Strait and their possible mechanisms, J. Geophys. Res., 110, C12016. doi:10.1029/2004JC002651
  12. Moriyasu, S. 1972. The Tsushima Current. p. 353-369. In: Kuroshio, its physical aspects, ed. by Stommel H. and K. Yoshida. University of Tokyo Press, Tokyo
  13. Nishida, K. 1926. Report of the oceanographic investigation. No. 1. Gover. Fish. Exp. Stat. 68 p
  14. Park, M.-J., S.-R. Lee, J.C. Lee, and S.-K. Byun. 1999. Tidal and nontidal fluctutions of currents in the western channel of the Korea Strait. J. Korean Soc. Oceanogr., 34(3), 133-143
  15. Park, Y.G., Y.K. Cho, and K. Kim. 1995. A hydraulic model of the Korea Strait bottom cold current. J. Oceanogr., 51, 719-727
  16. RD Instruments. 1996. Acoustical Doppler current profiler: Principles of operation a practical primer. 2nd ed. for Brodband ADCPs. San Diego, California. 52 p
  17. Takikawa, T., J.H. Yoon, and K.D. Cho. 2003. Tidal currents in the Tsushima Straits estimated from ADCP data by ferryboat. J. Oceanogr., 59, 37-47 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022864306103
  18. Takikawa, T., J.H. Yoon, and K.D. Cho. 2004. The Tsushima Warm Current through Tsushima Straits estimated from ferryboat ADCP data. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 35, 1154-1168 https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO2742.1
  19. Teague, W.J., G.A. Jacobs, H.T. Perkins, J.W. Book, K.-I. Chang, and M.-S. Suk. 2002. Low-frequency current observations in the Korea/Tsushima Strait. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 32, 1621-1641 https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0485(2002)032<1621:LFCOIT>2.0.CO;2
  20. Yun, J.H., S.H. Kang, K.D. Cho, and C.H. Moon. 1992. On the bottom water in the western channel in the Korea Strait-1 the inflow path of the bottom cold water. Bull. Korean Fish. Soc., 25(1), 2-14
  21. Yun, J.-Y., L. Magaard, K. Kim, C.-W. Shin, C. Kim, and S.-K. Byun. 2004. Spatial and temporal variability of the North Korean Cold Water leading to the near-bottom cold water intrusion in Korea Strait. Progr. Oceanogr., 60, 99-131 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2003.11.004