Korea-Australia Rheology Journal

The Korean Society of Rheology (한국유변학회)
권호 표지

Radial flow advancement in multi-layered preform for resin transfer molding

  • Shin, K.S. (School of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University) ;
  • Song, Y.S. (School of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University) ;
  • Youn, J.R. (School of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University)
  • Published : 2006.12.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Rapid flow advancement without void formation is essential in the liquid composite molding (LCM) such as resin transfer molding (RTM) and vacuum assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM). A highly permeable layer in multi-layered preform has an important role in improvement of the flow advancement. In this study, a multi-layered preform which consists of three layers is employed. Radial flow experiment is carried out for the multi-layered preform. A new analytic model for advancement of flow front is proposed and effective permeability is defined. The effective permeability for the multi-layered preform is obtained analytically and compared with experimental results. Compaction test is performed to determine the exact fiber volume traction of each layer in the multi-layered preform. Transverse permeability employed in modeling is measured experimentally unlike the previous studies. Accurate prediction of flow advancement is of great use for saving the processing time and enhancing product properties of the final part.

Keywords

References

  1. Adams, K.L. and L. Rebenfeld, 1987, In-plane flow of fluids in fabrics: structure/flow characterization, Textile Res. J. 57, 647 https://doi.org/10.1177/004051758705701104
  2. Adams, K.L. and L. Rebenfeld, 1991, Permeability characteristics of multilayer fiber reinforcements. Part I: experimental observations, Polym. Compos. 12, 179 https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.750120307
  3. Adams, K.L. and L. Rebenfeld, 1991, Permeability characteristics of multilayer fiber reinforcements. Part II: theoretical model, Polym. Compos. 12, 186 https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.750120308
  4. Adams, K. L., W. B. Russel and L. Rebenfeld, 1988, Radial penetration of viscous liquid into a planar anisotropic porous medium, Int. J. Multiphase Flow 14, 203 https://doi.org/10.1016/0301-9322(88)90006-7
  5. Advani, S.G., M.V. Bruschke and R.S. Parnas, 1994, Flow and Rheology in Polymer Composites Manufacturing, Elsevier, Amsterdam
  6. Batch, G.L., S. Cumiskey and C.W. Macosko, 2002, Compaction of fiber reinforcements, Polym. Compos. 23, 307 https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.10433
  7. Bruschke, M.V., T.L. Luce and S.G. Advani, 1992, Effective inplaner permeability of multi-layered RTM performs, Proceedings of the 7th Technical Conference of the American Society for Composites, University Park, PA, U.S.A., 103
  8. Calado, V.M.A. and S.G. Advani, 1996, Effective average permeability of multi-layer preforms in resin transfer molding, Compos. Sci. Technol. 56, 519 https://doi.org/10.1016/0266-3538(96)00037-1
  9. Chae, H.S., 2004, Out-of-plane permeability measurement of braided preform in resin transfer molding, Master Thesis, Seoul National University, Seoul
  10. Chen, B. and T.W. Chou, 1999, Compaction of woven-fabric preforms in liquid composite molding process: single-layer deformation, Compos. Sci. Technol. 59, 1519 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0266-3538(99)00002-0
  11. Chen, B., A.H.D. Cheng and T.W. Chou, 2001, A nonlinear compaction model for fibrous performs, Compos. Part A 32, 701 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-835X(00)00148-2
  12. Chen, Z., L. Ye and H. Liu, 2004, Effective permeabilities of multilayer fabric preforms in liquid composite moulding, Compos. Struct. 66, 351 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2004.04.056
  13. Cho, Y.K., Y.S. Song, T.J. Kang, K. Chung and J.R. Youn, 2003, Permeability Measurement of a circular braided preform for resin transfer molding, Fibers and Polymers 4, 135 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02875461
  14. Diallo, M.L., R. Gauvin and F. Trochu, 1998, Experimental analysis and simulation of flow through multi-layer fiber reinforcements in liquid composite molding, Polym. Compos. 19, 246 https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.10097
  15. Endruweit, A., T. Luthy and P. Ermanni, 2002, Investigation of the influence of textile compression of the out-of-plane permeability of a bidirectional glass fiber fabric, Polym. Compos. 23, 538 https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.10455
  16. Jinlian, H., L. Yi and S. Xueming, 2004, Study on void formation in multi-layer woven fabrics, Compos. Part A 35, 595 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2003.11.007
  17. Lai, Y.H., B. Khomami and J.L. Kardos, 1997, Accurate permeability characterization of preforms used in polymer matrix composite fabrication process, Polym. Compos. 18, 368 https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.10288
  18. Luce, T.L., S.G. Advani, J.G. Howard and R.S. Parnas, 1995, Permeability characterization. Part 2: flow behavior in multiplelayer performs, Polym. Compos. 16, 446 https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.750160603
  19. Luo, Y. and I. Verpoest, 1999, Compressibility and relaxation of a new sandwich textile preform for liquid composite molding, Polym. Compos. 20, 179 https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.10345
  20. Mathur, R., D. Heider, C. Hoffmann, J.W. Gillespie, S.G. Advani and B.K. Fink, 2001, Flow front measurements and model validation in the vacuum assisted resin transfer molding process, Polym. Compos. 22, 477 https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.10553
  21. Mogavero J. and S.G. Advani, 1997, Experimental investigation of flow through multi-layered performs, Polym. Compos. 18, 649 https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.10316
  22. Parnas, R.S. and A.J. Salem, 1993, A comparison of the unidirectional and radial in-plane flow of fluids through woven composite reinforcements, Polym. Compos. 14, 383 https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.750140504
  23. Parseval, Y.D., K.M. Pillai and S.G. Advani, 1997, A simple model for the variation of permeability due to partial saturation in dual scale porous media, Transport in Porous Media 27, 243 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006544107324
  24. Seong, D.G., K. Chung, T.J. Kang and J.R. Youn, 2002, A study on resin flow through a multi-layered preform in resin transfer molding, Polym. Polym. Compos. 10, 493
  25. Weitzenbock, J.R., R.A. Shenoi and P.A. Wilson, 1999, Radial flow permeability measurement. Part A : theory, Compos. Part A 30, 781 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-835X(98)00183-3
  26. Weitzenbock, J.R., R.A. Shenoi and P.A. Wilson, 1999, Radial flow permeability measurement. Part B: application, Compos. Part A 30, 797 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-835X(98)00184-5