Economic and Environmental Geology (자원환경지질)

The Korean Society of Economic and Environmental Geology (대한자원환경지질학회)
권호 표지

Petrological Characteristics and Deterioration State of Standing Buddha Statue in the Gwanchoksa Temple, Nonsan, Korea

논산 관촉사 석조미륵보살입상의 암석학적 특성과 풍화훼손도

  • Yun, Seok-Bong (Department of Geoenvironmental Sciences, Kongju National University) ;
  • Kaug, Yean-Chun (Department of Cultural Heritage Conservation Sciences, Kongju National University) ;
  • Park, Sung-Mi (Department of Cultural Heritage Conservation Sciences, Kongju National University) ;
  • Yi, Jeong-Eun (Department of Cultural Heritage Conservation Sciences, Kongju National University) ;
  • Lee, Chan-Hee (Department of Cultural Heritage Conservation Sciences, Kongju National University) ;
  • Choi, Seok-Won (Department of Geoenvironmental Sciences, Kongju National University)
  • 윤석봉 (공주대학교 지질환경과학과) ;
  • 곽연천 (공주대학교 문화재보존과학과) ;
  • 박성미 (공주대학교 문화재보존과학과) ;
  • 이정은 (공주대학교 문화재보존과학과) ;
  • 이찬희 (공주대학교 문화재보존과학과) ;
  • 최석원 (공주대학교 지질환경과학과)
  • Published : 2006.12.30
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Abstract

The Standing Buddha Statue in the Gwanchoksa temple consists of medium to coarse grained biotite granodiorite with dark grey color, and it has a week gneissosity along the pegmatite veins. The results of magnetic susceptibility and geochemical patterns of the host rock of Standing Buddha Statue and the basement rock suggest that both values are formed from the co-genetic magma with the same differentiation process. The CIAs of the basement rock and the Standing Buddha Statue are calculated to 51.43 and 50.86, and the WPIs are estimated 4.52 and 8.95, respectively. So the weathering potential from the host rock of Standing Buddha Statue and basement rock prove to be high. The Standing Buddha Statue is terribly damaged with physical weathering from deterioration and exfoliation, and are scattered with secondary pollutant and precipitate. Basement rock is also in danger of ground collapse because of irregularly developed discontinuity system. Most surface of Standing Buddha Statue is seriously discolored into yellowish brown and dark gray, or black precipitates are also formed. Moreover, it is heavily covered with crustose lichen, fungi and algae, or moss are also found. In order to control the influential factors with the complex deterioration of Standing Buddha Statue, it is needed to rearrange a site environments, and conservation scientific management is required to protect it from covering lichens, exfoliations and fractures.

논산 관촉사 석조미륵보살입상은 흑운모가 많은 중립 내지 조립질 화강섬록암으로서 암회색을 띠며, 미약한 편마상 구조 및 페그마타이트 세맥이 발달한다. 이 석불입상과 기반암의 전암 대자율 측정 및 지구화학적 분석 결과, 두 암석은 동일 마그마로부터 형성되어 거의 유사한 분화과정을 경험한 것으로 보인다. 이 암석의 CIA는 기반암이 51.43, 석불입상이 50.86이며, WPI는 각각 4.52와 8.95로서 이들은 모두 풍화잠재력이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 이 석불입상은 열화 및 박리에 의한 물리적 풍화가 진행된 상태이고, 이차적인 오염물질과 침전물질이 산재해있다. 기반암도 불연속면의 발달에 따른 지반붕괴의 위험성을 내포하고 있다. 이 석불입상의 표면은 황갈색으로 변색되어 있고 암회색 및 암흑색 침전물이 형성되어 있다. 또한 고착지의류의 피도가 심하고 균류, 조류 혹은 선태류 등도 발견된다. 따라서 이석불입상의 복합적 손상에 영향을 줄 수 있는 요인들을 제어하기 위한 주변 환경에 대한 정리가 시급하며 지의류에 의한 오염, 박리 및 균열로부터 석불입상을 보호하기 위한 체계적인 보존과학적 관리가 요구된다.

Keywords

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