Physicochemical Characteristics of Traditional Fermented Soybean Products Manufactured in Folk Villages of Sunchang Region

순창 고추장민속마을에서 생산한 전통 장류의 이화학적 특성

For standardization of quality of traditional fermented soybean products manufactured in Folk Villages of Sunchang Region, the physicochemical characteristics of 28 Kochujang, 28 Doenjang, and 18 Chunggukjang were compared. Moisture contents of Kochujang, Doenjang, and Chunggukjang were $46.9{\pm}3.6,\;60.6{\pm}1.9,\;and\;57.0{\pm}3.10%$, respectively. On the basis of average moisture contents, crude protein, crude fat, and crude ash contents were calculated to $6.2{\pm}0.7,\;2.0{\pm}0.5,\;and\;8.2{\pm}1.1%$ in Kochujang, $13.2{\pm}1.0,\;7.1{\pm}0.6,\;and\;15.2{\pm}1.5%$ in Doenjang, and $18.9{\pm}1.2,\;6.1{\pm}1.4,\;and\;5.1{\pm}1.7%$ in Chunggukjang, respectively. Reducing sugar, salinity, and water activities in Kochujang were $19.25{\pm}4.1%,\;7.3{\pm}1.1%,\;and\;0.790{\pm}0.003$, in Doenjang were $2.38{\pm}0.89%,\;14.2{\pm}1.4%,\;and\;0.835{\pm}0.020$, and in Chunggukjang were $0.51{\pm}0.24%,\;4.2{\pm}1.6%,\;and\;0.962{\pm}0.028$, respectively. Amino-type nitrogen contents, which affects delicate flavors of fermented soybean products, of Kochujang, Doenjang, and Chunggukjang were $114.03{\pm}19.04,\;734.32{\pm}147.70,\;and\;600{\pm}150mg%$, respectively. Lightness (l), redness (a), and yellowness (b) values in color of Kochujang were $14.49{\pm}1.44,\;15.45{\pm}1.77,\;and\;8.34{\pm}1.02$, respectively, and the redness was lower than that of other ones. Those of Doenjang were $26.69{\pm}4.33,\;7.25{\pm}1.03,\;and\;12.02{\pm}1.82$, respectively, and those of Chunggukjang were $35.62{\pm}2.05,\;6.31{\pm}0.37,\;and\;13.50{\pm}0.78$, respectively. These results indicate that the salt concentration and quality of traditional fermented soybean products manufactured in Folk Villages of Sunchang region must be lowered and standardized, respectively.

전통 고추장, 된장 및 청국장 등 전통 장류의 품질 균일화와 제조방법 표준화를 위한 기초 연구로서 순창 고추장 민속마을내 제조업체 28개소에서 고추장 28점, 된장 28점 및 청국장 18점을 수집하여 이화학적 특성을 분석하였다. 고추장, 된장 및 청국장의 수분함량은 각각 평균 $46.9{\pm}3.6,\;60.6{\pm}1.9$ 및 $57.0{\pm}3.10%$이었다. 평균 수분함량 기준시 고추장의 조단백질 함량은 $6.2{\pm}0.7%$, 조지방 $2.0{\pm}0.5%$, 조회분 $8.2{\pm}1.1%$, 된장은 조단백질 $13.2{\pm}1.0%$, 조지방 $7.1{\pm}0.6%$, 조회분 $15.2{\pm}1.5%$, 청국장은 조단백질 $18.9{\pm}1.2%$, 조지방 $6.1{\pm}1.4%$, 조회분 $5.1{\pm}1.7%$ 이었다. 고추장의 환원당 함량은 $19.25{\pm}4.1%$, 염도 $7.3{\pm}1.1%$, 수분활성도 $0.790{\pm}0.003$이었고, 된장은 환원당 $2.38{\pm}0.89%$, 염도 $14.2{\pm}1.4%$, 수분활성도 $0.835{\pm}0.020$ 이었으며, 청국장은 환원당 $0.51{\pm}0.24%$, 염도 $4.2{\pm}1.6%$, 수분활성도 $0.962{\pm}0.028$ 이었다. 장류의 구수한 맛에 영향을 미치는 아미노태 질소 함량은 고추장이 $114.03{\pm}19.04mg%$, 된장이 $734.32{\pm}147.70mg%$, 청국장이 $600{\pm}150mg%$ 이었다. 색도를 측정한 결과 L(명도), a(적색도) 및 b(황색도)값의 평균치는 고추장은 각각 $14.49{\pm}1.44,\;15.45{\pm}1.77$및 $8.34{\pm}1.02$로 나타나 적색도에 있어서 다소 낮게 나타났고, 된장은 각각 $26.69{\pm}4.33,\;7.25{\pm}1.03$ 및 $12.02{\pm}1.82$로서 명도와 황색도가 다소 낮게 나타났다. 청국장은 각각 $35.62{\pm}2.05,\;6.31{\pm}0.37$ 및 $13.50{\pm}0.78$로 나타나 명도와 황색도에 있어서 다소 낮게 나타났다.