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Microbial and Quality Changes during Storage of Raw Oyster Treated with High Hydrostatic Pressure

초고압 처리한 생굴의 저장 중 미생물수 및 품질 변화

  • Park, Whan-Jun (Dept. of Food Bioengineering, Cheju National University) ;
  • Jwa, Mi-Kyung (Dept. of Food Bioengineering, Cheju National University) ;
  • Hyun, Sun-Hee (Dept. of Food Bioengineering, Cheju National University) ;
  • Lim, Sang-Bin (Dept. of Food Bioengineering, Cheju National University) ;
  • Song, Dae-Jin (Dept. of Food Bioengineering, Cheju National University)
  • 박환준 (제주대학교 식품생명공학과) ;
  • 좌미경 (제주대학교 식품생명공학과) ;
  • 현선희 (제주대학교 식품생명공학과) ;
  • 임상빈 (제주대학교 식품생명공학과) ;
  • 송대진 (제주대학교 식품생명공학과)
  • Published : 2006.12.29

Abstract

Raw oysters were treated at $10^{\circ}C$ and $22^{\circ}C/350$ Mpa/15 min, and microbial counts and quality were measured during storage of 14 days at $10^{\circ}C$. Total viable cell count (TVCC) in untreated oyster increased greatly during storage from starting inoculum of $1.6\times10^2\;CFU/mL$, and reached to $5.6\times10^2\;CFU/mL$ after 4 days of storage. TVCC of the pressure-treated was about $10^1\;CFU/mL$ right after high hydrostatic pressure treatment and increased slowly during storage, and about $10^3\;CFU/mL$ even after 7 days of storage. Lactic acid bacteria count (LABC) in the untreated was increased greatly during storage from starting inoculum of $3.3\times10^3\;CFU/mL$ at 3 days of storage and $7.2\times10^4\;CFU/mL$ after 4 days of storage. LABC in the pressure-treated was detected only after 5 days of storage, and about $10^2\;CFU/mL$ after 8 days of storage. The pH of the untreated was 6.19 and decreased gradually during storage, and 5.83 after 4 days of storage. The pH of the pressure-treated showed little change during storage, and 6.07, 6.03 and 5.82 after storage of 4, 8 and 14 days, respectively. Volatile basic nitrogen (VBN) in the untreated was 16.8 mg%, and maintained almost constant until 1 day of storage, and then increased suddenly, and 30.1 mg% after 4 days of storage. VBN of the pressure-treated stayed unchanged during storage, and about 20 and 23 mg% even after 4 and 8 days of storage, respectively. Hunter $L^*,\;a^*\;and\;b^*$ values were increased until 2 days of storage and then showed no change during storage. Demerit score was the lowest in the thawed raw oyster, and then in the increasing order of the pressure-treated (4 day and 8 day storage) and the untreated (4 day storage).

생굴을 $10^{\circ}C$$22^{\circ}C/350$ MPa/15분의 조건에서 초고압 처리하여 $10^{\circ}C$ 저능 중 미생물수와 품질 변화를 측정하였다. 무처리한 굴의 초기 총세균수는 $1.6\times10^2\;CFU/mL$이었는데, 저장기간 동안 급격히 증가하였으며 저장 4일에 $5.6\times10^4\;CFU/mL$이었다. 초고압 처리한 굴은 초기 총세균수가 약 $10^1\;CFU/mL$ 이었는데, 저장 7일에는 약 $10^3\;CFU/mL$ 로 저장기간 동안 세균수의 증가가 적었다. 무처리한 굴에는 초기에 젖산균이 존재하지 않았으나 저장 2일 이후부터 검출되기 시작하여 저장 3일에는 $3.3\times10^3\;CFU/mL$를 시작으로 급격히 증가하기 시작하였으며, 저장 4일에 $7.2\times10^4\;CFU/mL$이었다. 초고압 처리한 굴은 저장 4, 5일가지 젖산균이 검출되지 않았으나 과 이후에는 검출되기 시작하여 저장 8일에는 약 $10^2\;CFU/mL$이었다. 무처리한 굴의 초기 pH는 6.19이었는데, 저장 중 지속적으로 감소하였으며 저장 4일에 5.83이었다. 초고압 처리한 굴은 저장 중 pH 변화가 매우 작았으며 저장 4, 8, 14일에 pH가 각각 6.07, 6.03, 5.82로 매우 높은 값을 유지하였다. 무처리한 굴의 초기 휘발성 염기질소는 16.8 mg%이었는데, 저장 1일까지는 변화가 없다가 그 이후 급격히 증가하였으며, 저장 4일에 30.1 mg%이었다. 초고압 처리한 굴의 휘발성 염기질소는 저장 중 변화가 크지 않아 저장 4일과 8일에 각각 약 20과 23 mg%로 보통 선도의 어육에 해당되는 값을 나타내었다. 초고압 처리한 굴은 무처리 굴에 비하여 Hunter $L*,\;a^*$$b^*$값이 모두 높았으며, 처리여부에 관계없이 저장 초기에 $L*,\;a^*$$b^*$값이 증가한 후 저장 2일부터는 일정한 경향을 나타내었다. Demerit score에 의한 관능검사 결과 해동한 생굴이 가장 낮은 점수를 보였으며, 그 다음으로 $10^{\circ}C$에서 초고압 처리한 후 $10^{\circ}C$에서 4일 저장한 굴, 8일 저장한 굴의 순이었고, 초고압 처리를 행하지 않고 4일 저장한 생굴이 가장 높은 점수를 보였다.

Keywords

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