DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

탄소나노튜브/도전성폴리머 복합재 엑츄에이터의 제조 및 특성실험

Fabrication and Electromechanical Behaviors of a SWNT/PANi Composite Film Actuator

  • 장슈아이 (경북대학교 대학원 기계공학과) ;
  • 김철 (경북대학교 기계공학부)
  • 발행 : 2006.10.31

초록

SWNT(Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes)와 도전성 고분자 PANi(Polyaniline)로 구성된 복합재료 합성물질을 제조하여 전기적 기계적 특성을 실험적으로 조사하였다. 이러한 재료는 인공근육 등으로 사용될 수 있어서 미소 인공생물체및 로봇의 구동에 응용될 수 있다. 이 작동기는 90% 순도의 SWNT와 화학적 Polymerization을 이용하여 본 연구실에서 개발된 완전히 새로운 방식으로 제조되었다. 4 탐침 측정법(4-probe method)을 사용하여 이 필름형 복합재 작동기의 전기전도도를 측정한 결과 56.15 S/cm의 값을 나타냈으며, 순수 PANi은 17.38 S/cm를 나타내었다. 순수한 도전성 폴리머 보다 3.2배 높은 전도성을 나타내었다. 이 작동기의 재료적 특성은 SEM을 사용하여 분석하였으며, 우수한 특성을 갖고 있었다. 전압이 작용할 때 변형률을 측정하기 위해서 레이저 측정 센서가 부착된 측정장치가 개발되었으며, $NaNO_3$ 용액 속에서 작동되며, 1볼트의 전압이 가해졌다. 초기 길이 12.690 mm에서 12.733 mm로 늘어났으며, 0.34%의 변형률이 계산되었다. 이 값은 호주 Tahhan의 0.23%보다 48% 정도 높은 변형률이다.

The improved SWNTs/PANi composite actuator films applicable to an artificial muscle were fabricated successfully using a new process of manufacture that consists of 90% pure single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) and chemical polymerization. PANi is electrically conducting polyaniline polymer. The conductivities of the composite SWNTs/PANi film-type actuators and the pure PANi films fabricated were measured as 56.15 S/cm and 17.38 S/cm, respectively, by the 4-prove method. The conductivity of the composite actuator is 3.2 times higher than the pure PANi film. The fabricated composite actuator showed higher conductivity than any other similar ones. The quality of samples was investigated by an electron scanning microscope (SEM). To measure the actuating strains, a specially designed beam balance apparatus was developed and strains of the composite actuators was measured by a laser displacement sensor subjected to electric currents. During the operation, the sample was soaked in the $NaNO_3$ solution and the sine-wave voltage in the range of $+1V{\sim}-1V$ was applied. The length of the composite actuator changed from $l_0=12.690$ mm to $l_1=12.733$ so that the change of length was l=0.043 mm and the strain was 0.34 %. This is a very high strain for this kind of a composite actuator. Other result reported by Tahhan showed 0.23 % strain, so that the present result is improved by 48%.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. R. H. Baughman, L.W. Shacklette, 'Micro-Electromechanical Actuators Based on Conducting Polymers,' Molecular Electronics, 1991, Lazarev, P. I., editor; Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht
  2. S. Iijima, 'Helical Microtubules of Graphitic Carbon,' Nature (London), Vol. 354, Nov. 7, 1991, pp. 56-58 https://doi.org/10.1038/354056a0
  3. M. Tahhan, V. Truong, G. M. Spinks and G. G. Wallace, 'Carbon Nanotube and Polyaniline Composite Actuators,' Smart Materials and Structures, Vol. 12, 2003, pp. 626-632 https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/12/4/313
  4. C. Kim, X. Y. Liu, 'Electromechanical Behaviors and Application of Carbon Nanotube Composite Actuator Consisting of Bundles and Mats,' Journal of The Korean Society For Composite Materials, Vol. 18, 2005, pp. 34-39
  5. T. W. Ebbesen, H. J. Lezec, H. Hiura, J. W. Bennett, H. F. Ghaemi and T. Thio, 'Electrical Conductivity of Individual Carbon Nanotubes,' Nature, Vol. 382, 1996, pp. 54-56 https://doi.org/10.1038/382054a0
  6. J. R. Dygas, G. Fafilek and M. W. Breiter, 'Study of Grain Boundary Polarization by Two-Probe and Four-Probe Impedance Spectroscopy,' Solid State lonics, Vol. 119, No. 1, 1, 1999, pp. 115-125 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-2738(98)00492-5
  7. D. K. Schroder, Semiconductor Material and Device Characterization, John Wiley & Sons Inc, 1998, pp. 2-9
  8. G. M. Spinks, L. Liu, G. G. Wallace and D. Zhou, 'Strain Response from Polypyrrole Actuators under Load,' Advanced Functional Materials, Vol. 12, 2002, pp. 437-440 https://doi.org/10.1002/1616-3028(20020618)12:6/7<437::AID-ADFM437>3.0.CO;2-I