한국정보과학회논문지:시스템및이론 (Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory)

한국정보과학회 (Korean Institute of Information Scientists and Engineers)
권호 표지

버추얼 인터페이스 아키텍처 및 인터벌 캐쉬에 기반한 분산 VOD 서버

A Distributed VOD Server Based on Virtual Interface Architecture and Interval Cache

  • 발행 : 2006.10.15
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

본 논문에서는 VIA(Virtual Interface Architecture) 통신 프로토콜과 인터벌 캐쉬 기법을 적용하여 서버 내부 통신망의 부하를 감소시킨 PC 클러스터 기반 분산 VOD 서버를 제안한다. 분산 VOD 서버의 각 노드는 클러스터상에 분산 저장된 비디오 데이타를 서버 내부 통신망을 사용하여 전송받아 사용자에게 제공한다. 이 때, 대량의 비디오 데이타가 서버 내부 통신망을 통하여 전송됨으로 서버 내부 통신망에 부하가 증가한다. 본 논문에서는 TCP/IP의 통신 오버헤드를 제거한 사용자 수준 통신 프로토콜인 VIA에 기반한 분산 VOD 파일 시스템을 개발함으로써, 원격 디스크를 접근하는데 소요되는 내부 통신망 비용을 최소화하려고 하였다. 또한, VIA의 최대 전송 크기를 VOD 시스템에 맞게 확장함으로써 내부 통신망의 성능을 향상시키려고 하였다. 추가로 본 논문은 인터벌 캐쉬 기법을 적용하여 원격 서버 노드에서 전송 받은 비디오 데이타를 지역 노드의 메인 메모리에 캐쉬함으로써, 서버 내부 통신망에 발생하는 통신량을 감소시켰다. 실험을 통하여 분산 VOD 서버의 성능을 측정하였으며, TCP/IP에 기반하고 인터벌 캐쉬를 지원하지 않는 기존의 분산 VOD 서버와 성능을 비교하였다. 실험결과, VIA 적용으로 약 11.3%의 성능 향상, 그리고 인터벌 캐쉬 기법을 적용하여 추가로 약 10%의 성능 향상이 생겨 총 21.3%의 성능 향상을 얻을 수 있었다.

This paper presents a PC cluster-based distributed VOD server that minimizes the load of an interconnection network by adopting the VIA communication protocol and the interval cache algorithm. Video data is distributed to the disks of the distributed VOD server and each server node receives the data through the interconnection network and sends it to clients. The load of the interconnection network increases because of the large amount of video data transferred. This paper developed a distributed VOD file system, which is based on VIA, to minimize cost using interconnection network when accessing remote disks. VIA is a user-level communication protocol removing the overhead of TCP/IP. This papers also improved the performance of the interconnection network by expanding the maximum transfer size of VIA. In addition, the interval cache reduces traffic on the interconnection network by caching, in main memory, the video data transferred from disks of remote server nodes. Experiments using the distributed VOD server of this paper showed a maximum performance improvement of 21.3% compared with a distributed VOD server without VIA and the interval cache, when used with a four-node PC cluster.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Cyrus Shahabi, Roger Zimmermann, Kun Fu, and Shu-Yuen Didi Yao. 'Yima: a second-generation continuous media server,' Computer, Vol.35, Issue 6, pp.56-62, June 2002 https://doi.org/10.1109/MC.2002.1009169
  2. Chang-Soon Park. Marm-Ho Lee, Young-Sung Son, and Oh-Young Kwon, 'Design and Implementation of VOD Server by Using Clustered File System,' IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo, Vol.3, pp.1465-1468, 2000
  3. M. Barreiro, V. M. Gulias, J. L. Freire, and J. J. Sanchez. 'An Erlang-based hierarchical distributed VoD,' 7th International Erlang/OTP User Conference(EUC2001) Ericsson Utvecklings AB, Sep 2001
  4. D. Dunning et al., 'The Virtual Interface Architecture,' IEEE Micro, VoI.18, No.2, pp,66-76, 1998 https://doi.org/10.1109/40.671404
  5. A. Dan, D. Dias, R. Mukherjee, D. Sitaram and R. Tewari, 'Buffering and Caching in Large-Scale Video Server,' In Proceeding COMPCON. IEEE, 1995
  6. N.J. Boden, D. Cohen, R E, Felderman, A. E Kulawik, C. L. Seitz, J. N. Seizovic, W. Su, 'Myrinet: A Gigabit-per-second Local Area Network,' IEEE Micro, VoI.15, No.1, pp.29-36, 1995 https://doi.org/10.1109/40.342015
  7. Yuewei Wang, David H. C. Du, 'Weighted Striping in Multimedia Servers,' IEEE multimedia systems, pp.102-109, June 1997
  8. You- Jung Ahn; Jong-Hoon Kim; Yoo-Hun Won, 'A placement policy to maximize the number of concurrent video streams supported in clustered video-on-demand servers,' Proceedings of the IEEE Region 10 Conference, pp.333-336, Sept. 1999 https://doi.org/10.1109/TENCON.1999.818418
  9. K.A. Hua and S.Sheu, 'Skyscraper broadcasting: A new broadcasting scheme for metropolitan video-on-demand systems,' In Proc. of ACM SIGCOMM: Sep 1997 https://doi.org/10.1145/263105.263144
  10. L-S. Juhn and L -M. Tseng, 'Harmonic broadcasting for video-an-demand service,' IEEE Transaction on Broadcasting, Sept 1997
  11. Songqing Chen, Bo Shen, Yang Yan; Basu, S., Xiaodong Zhang, 'Fast proxy delivery of multiple streaming sessions in shared running buffers,' IEEE Transactions on Multimedia, Vol.7, Issue 6, pp.1157-1169, 2005 https://doi.org/10.1109/TMM.2005.858417
  12. Guo, M. and Ammar, M.H., 'Scalable live video streaming to cooperative clients using time shifting and video patching,' Twenty-third Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies, Vol.3, pp.1501-1511, 2004 https://doi.org/10.1109/INFCOM.2004.1354564
  13. D. Rotem and J. Zhao, 'Buffer management for video database systems,' Proceeding of the international Conference on Data Engineering, 1995
  14. B. Ozden, R. Rastogi, and A. Silberschatz, 'Buffer Replacement Algorithms for Multimedia Storage Server,' International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems, 1996
  15. Yinging Zhao and C.-C.Jay Kuo, 'Scheduling design for distributed video-an-demand servers,' IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Vol.2, pp.1545-1548, 2005
  16. Jussara M. Almeida, Derek L. Eager, Mark K. Vemon, 'A hybrid caching strategy for streaming media files,' Proceedings of SPIE, pp.200-212, 2001
  17. Taeseok Kim, Bahn, H., Koh, K., 'Popularity aware interval caching for multimedia streaming servers,' Electronics Letters, Vol.39, Issue 21, pp,1555-1557, 2003 https://doi.org/10.1049/el:20030965
  18. Sarhan, N.J. and Das, C.R., 'Caching and scheduling in NAD-based multimedia servers,' IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, Vol.15, Issue 10, pp.921-933, 2004 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPDS.2004.49
  19. Kangho Kim, Jin-Soo Kim, Sung-In Jung, 'GNBD/VlA: a network block device over virtual interface architecture On Linux,' Proceedings of International - Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposim, pp.7-13, 2002
  20. Banikazemi, M., Liu, J., Panda, D.K, Sadayappan, P., 'Implementing TreadMarks over Virtual Interface Architecture on Myrinet and gigabit Ethernet: Challenges, design experience, and performance evaluation,' International Conference on Parallel Processing, pp.167-174, 2001 https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPP.2001.952060
  21. P. Balaji, J. Wu, T. Kurc, U. Catalyurek, D. K. Panda, and J. Saltz., 'Impact of High Perfonnance Sockets on Data Intensive Applications,' Technical Report OSU-CISRC-1/03-TR05, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, January, 2003
  22. Jae-Wan Jang and Jin-Soo Kim, 'Supporting the sockets interface over user-level communication architecture: design issues and performance comparisons' International Conference on Parallel Processing, pp.313-320, 2005 https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPP.2005.75
  23. Jack Y.B. lee, 'Parallel Video Servers: A Tutorial,' IEEE Multimedia, Vol.5, No.2, April/June, 1998 https://doi.org/10.1109/93.682522
  24. P. Bozeman and B. Saphir, 'A Modular High Performance implementation of the Virtual Interface Architecture,' Proceedings of the 2nd Extreme Linux Workshop, 1999
  25. R. L. Axtell, 'Zipf Distribution of U.S. firn Sizes,' Science, Vol.293, pp.1818-1820, Sept.7, 2001 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1062081