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레스토랑 유형별 서비스 인카운터 품질의 중요도 및 수행도 분석

The Importance and Performance Analysis of Service Encounter Quality by Types of Restaurants

  • 발행 : 2006.08.30

초록

본 연구에서는 레스토랑 유형별로 서비스 인카운터가 발생되는 지점 중 서비스 인카운터 품질을 위해 중점적으로 관리해야 하는 지점을 규명하고자 하였다. 연구 결과 레스토랑 유형에 관계없이 상호작용품질, 결과품질, 물리적 환경 품질 등 서비스 인카운터 품질을 구성하는 요소의 중요도와 수행도 간에 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 각 요소의 중요도는 높게 나타난 반면, 수행도는 이에 미치지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 레스토랑 유형에 따른 차이를 확인해 본 결과, 상호 작용 품질과 물리적 환경 품질의 중요도와 수행도, 결과품질의 수행도는 레스토랑 유형에 따라 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었지만, 결과품질의 중요도에 대해서는 레스토랑 유형에 따른 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 즉 음식의 질을 나타내는 결과품질의 중요도는 레스토랑의 유형에 관계없이 고객들에게 중요하게 여겨지는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 Yoon과 Hwang(41)의 연구 결과와 같은 내용으로, 음식 맛이 좋으면 고객이 서비스 실패를 경험하더라도 재이용 의지를 보이므로, 무엇보다 핵심 제품 및 서비스에 최선을 다해야 한다는 점을 나타내고 있다. 따라서 레스토랑 서비스 인카운터에서는 레스토랑의 유형에 관계없이 음식의 품질 관리가 가장 중점적으로 이루어져야 할 것으로 사료된다. 상호 작용 품질에 대해 살펴본 결과 중요도 및 수행도는 고급 레스토랑, 패밀리 레스토랑, 패스트푸드점 순으로 나타났으며, 레스토랑 유형 중 패밀리 레스토랑의 경우 대기 고객 관리가 비교적 잘 이루어지고 있고 인터넷 홈페이지에서 원하는 정보를 쉽게 찾을 수 있다고 나타나 원격 서비스 인카운터에 대한 관리가 잘 이루어지고 있음을 보여주었으며, 불평 고객에 대한 대응도 가장 높은 수행도를 나타내었다. 결과 품질 수행도, 물리적 환경 품질 중요도 및 수행도 또한 고급 레스토랑, 패밀리 레스토랑, 패스트푸드점 순으로 나타났다. 서비스 인카운터 품질 중 중요도가 높으나 수행도가 낮은 항목(focus here in IPA matrix)은 고급 레스토랑의 경우 '제공하는 음식의 질이 항상 동일하다', '의자나 테이블의 넓이는 충분하다'로 나타났으며, 패밀리 레스토랑의 경우 '의자나 테이블의 넓이는 충분하다', '다른 테이블간의 간격이 충분하다'로 나타났고, 패스트푸드점은 '내부 시설이 매력적이다', '의자나 테이블의 넓이는 충분하다', '다른 테이블간의 간격이 충분하다'로 나타났다. 연구 결과, 레스토랑의 유형에 관계없이 공간과 관련된 항목이 모두 포함되어 있는 점이 특징적이었다. 각 레스토랑 유형별로 특히 중점적으로 관리해야 할 부분을 살펴보면, 고급 레스토랑에서는 음식의 품질이 동일하게 유지, 관리될 수 있도록 해야 하며, 패밀리 레스토랑에서는 충분한 공간 및 통로 확보가 필요하고, 패스트푸드점은 인테리어 등 내부 시설의 매력도를 높이기 위한 노력이 필요할 것으로 사료된다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때, 레스토랑의 유형에 관계없이 음식의 품질 관리가 가장 중요하게 나타났으므로 이에 대한 철저한 관리가 필요할 것으로 보이며, 레스토랑 유형 중 특히 고급 레스토랑의 경우는 제공하는 음식 품질의 동일성 유지에, 패스트푸드점은 내부 시설 매력도 향상에 좀 더 관심을 기울이고 이에 대한 개선 전략이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

The purpose of this study was to identify critical control points of service encounter by types of restaurants in order to manage moment of truth when customers encounter services. Questionnaires were collected from 812 customers (aged 15 years or older) who had used restaurants in Seoul, from October 24, 2005 to November 6, 2005. The main results of this study were as follows: Statistically significant differences were shown between importance and performance of interaction quality, physical environment quality and outcome quality. Significant differences were also shown in importance and performance of interaction and physical environment quality, and performance of outcome quality by restaurant types but no significant difference was indicated in importance of outcome quality by restaurant types. That is, the importance of outcome quality, which means the quality of food, was regarded as important by customers who use restaurants regardless of types of restaurants. The result of examining interaction quality showed that family restaurants managed waiting customers quite well and provided information on the Internet homepage. Performance of responding to customers with complaints was rated the highest in family restaurants. Regarding physical environment quality, importance and performance scores significantly differed by types of restaurants in order of fine-dining restaurants, family restaurants, and fast-food restaurants. In terms of service encounter quality, items whose importance scores were high but performance scores were low in importance-performance analysis matrix were 'quality of provided food is always uniform' and 'the space between other tables is enough' for fine-dining restaurants. In family restaurants, 'size of chairs or tables is enough', and 'the space between other tables is enough' were included in the items, while 'interior facilities are attractive', 'size of chairs and tables is enough', and 'the space between other tables is enough' were included in the items in case of fast-food restaurants. A difference was indicated depending on types of restaurants.

키워드

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