Abstract
This study was to determine the fluctuation in phytoplankton assemblages with regarding to environmental conditions and nutrients, which were surveyed around Mokpo waters in the southwestern waters, Korea. Sampling was carried out on the Mokpo, Sinan, and Wando coasts from March to November 2003. The maximum sea surface temperature was recorded in August, and it ranged around $25^{\circ}C$ regardless of sampling sites. However, salinity in Mokpo waters showed a great variation, which ranged from 5-30 psu and recoded the minimum of 5 psu in July and the maximum of 30 psu in November. Moreover, in Mokpo waters, the chlorophyll a and SS concentration of the surface layer were also the highest values of $20\;{\mu}g\;l^{-1}\;and\;40\;{\mu}g\;l^{-1}$, respectively than those of Sinan and Wando waters. The concentrations of $NH_4-N,\;NO_2-N,\;NO_3-N,\;and\;PO_4-P$ were also he highest values of $0.018\;{\mu}mol\;^l{-1},\;0.062\;{\mu}mol\;l^{-1},\;1.2\;{\mu}mol\;l^{-1}\;and\;0.078\;{\mu}mol\;l^{-1}$, respectively in Morpo waters than those of Sinan and Wando waters. During the period of this study, the majority of the taxa were diatoms; Thalassiosira rotula, Rhizosolenia setigera, Prorocentrum minimum, Chaetoceros curvisetus, Leptocylindrus danicus, Pseudonitzschia pungens, and Chaetoceros spp. were detected in the dominant species of phytoplankton. The dinoflagellates were relatively abundant during the summer season in Wando waters, which attained an abundance of $10-20\%$. In Mokpo waters, DIN/DIP was the highest value of 700 in March, whereas the lowest was shown in Wando waters. However, DIN/DIP value in summer at Wando waters was extremely reversed, which appeared to be associated with the development of dinoflagellates. On the bais of factor analysis using SYSAT 6.0, nutrient showed somewhat correlation with chlorophyll a. Consequently, the process of discharge of fresh water in Mokpo waters plays an important role in extremely fluctuation in nutrients and conditions. Although Wando waters maintains a lack of nutrients, it should be influenced by different water current and may be associated with a concentration of nutrients.
이 연구는 2003년 목포, 신안, 완도해역을 대상으로 3월부터 11월까지 환경요인, 영양염 및 식물플랑크톤 변동을 조사했다. 수온은 조사해역에 관계없이 8월에 최대 $25^{\circ}C$를 보였으나, 염분도는 목포에서 5-30라는 큰 변화폭을 보였다. 7월에 최소, 5, 11월에 최대 30을 나타냈다. 또한 목포는 클로로필과 부유 물질도 $20\;{\mu}g\;l^{-1},\;40\;{\mu}g\;l^{-1}$로 가장 높게 나타났으며, 암모니아, 아질산질소, 질산질소, 인산염도 $0.018\;{\mu}mol\;^l{-1},\;0.062\;{\mu}mol\;l^{-1},\;1.2\;{\mu}mol\;l^{-1}\;and\;0.078\;{\mu}mol\;l^{-1}$로 가장 높았다. 조사기간 중 규조류가 대부분을 점유하였고, 우점종은 Thalassiosira rotula, Rhizosolenia setigera, Prorocentrum minimum, Chaetoceros curvisetus, Leptocylindrus danicus, Pseudonitzschia pungens, Chaetoceros spp.로 나타났다. 와편모조류는 완도해역에서 신안과 목포에 비하여 여름철에 $10-20\%$의 높은 상대적 비율을 보였다. DIN/DIP 비율은 목포에서 3월에 최대 700을 보인 반면에, 완도는 가장 낮게 나타났다. 그러나 여름철에는 그 비율이 상당히 전환되었다. factor 분석 결과 3개 해역은 모두 영양염과 플로로필 $\alpha$와는 양의 상관관계를 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 목포해역은 주변으로부터 담수유입으로 인하여 해양환경 싱태계에 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 보이며, 완도해역은 다른 해역에 비하여 영양염은 비록 낮지만 외부 해양수가 많이 미칠 수 있는 지역으로 영양염 공급을 받을 수 있을 것으로 본인다.
