Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association (대한가정학회지)

The Korean Home Economics Association (대한가정학회)
권호 표지

Predictors of Post-Divorce Adjustment - Among Divorced Men and Women in their 20s and 30s -

20, 30대 이혼 남녀의 이혼 후 적응 - 이혼 후 생활변화, 개인적 자원, 대인관계 자원을 중심으로 -

  • Kwon So Young (Dept. of Child Development & Family Studies, Seoul National Univ.) ;
  • Ok Sun Wha (Dept. of Child Development & Family Studies, Seoul National Univ.)
  • 권소영 (서울대학교 생활과학대학 아동가족학과) ;
  • 옥선화 (서울대학교 생활과학대학 아동가족학과)
  • Published : 2005.03.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine how life-changes after divorce, individual resources, and interpersonal resources affect post-divorce adjustment. Especially it focuses on gender differences. Data were collected from 114 divorced men and 112 divorced women in their 20s and 30s with the inclusion criteria of 1) having hen divorced for at least 6 months but less than 5 years, and 2) not having remarried after divorce. AH divorced men and women were interviewed with self-report questionnaires. The analysis included frequencies, means, t-test, crosstabs, and hierarchical multiple regression models. The major findings were as follows. 1) Divorced women were better adjusted than divorced men. 2) Fnancial satisfaction and health problems were important factors for both divorced men and women. 3) There were gender differences in the variables that affected post-divorce adjustment. Social support and significant others' attitude toward divorce influenced post-divorce adjustment for divorced men. For divorced women, negative change in financial circumstances, their own attitude toward divorce and divorce initiation found significant. This study showed that there were gender differences in the factors affecting Post)divorce adjustment. The findings of this study suggest that a program for supporting divorced men and women should consider gender differences.

Keywords

References

  1. 김득성(2002). 이혼적응 교육프로그램 개발 및 효과 검증 -단기과정을 중심으로-. 한국가정관리학회지, 20(2), 1-8
  2. 김태현, 조희선(1991). 모자가족과 부부가족간의 가족스트레스 관련변인에 관한 비교연구. 가족학논집, 3, 99-129
  3. 김혜련(1995). 남자의 결혼 여자의 이혼. 서울: 또 하나의 문화
  4. 문현숙, 김득성(2000). 이혼 후 적응과정에 관한 사례 연구. 대한가정학회지, 38(3), 99-120
  5. 박경애(2000). 한국의 이혼율 추이와 의미. 한국인구학, 23(1), 5-29
  6. 박부진(2000). 한국사회의 이혼실태와 이혼가족의 문제. 사회과학연구, 9, 84-101
  7. 박성옥, 신귀순, 박정옥(2003). 결손가정아동의 자아 존중감 및 스트레스에 관한 연구. 한국생활과학회지, 12(4), 403-416
  8. 변화순(1996). 이혼가족을 위한 대책연구. 서울: 한국 여성개발원
  9. 성미애, 옥선화(2002). 남성퇴직자의 생활태도 유형화 및 유형별 퇴직후 적응도. 대한가정학회지, 40(1), 1-22
  10. 성정현(1998). 이혼여성들이 경험하는 심리사회적 문제와 대처전략. 사회복지연구. 11(여름), 53-78
  11. 성정현(1999). 이혼여성의 적응에 관한 연구 -성역할 태도를 중심으로-. 한국가족복지학, 4, 93-116
  12. 옥선화, 성미애(2004). 20, 30대 이혼 남녀의 이혼과 이혼 후 적응 실태에 관한 조사 연구. 대한가정학회지, 42(12), 141-160
  13. 이경성(2001). 이혼의도, 시도 및 계획에 영향을 미치는 요인들. 한국심리학회지: 여성, 6(2), 97-119
  14. 이재경(2000). 성별화된 이혼과 여성. 가족과 문화, 12(2), 81-98
  15. 이훈진, 원호택(1995). 자기개념과 편집증적 경향. 심리과학, 4(2), 15-29
  16. 조병은(2002). 상징적 상호작용이론. 한국가족관계학회 편. 가족학 이론, 서울: 교문사. 31-63
  17. 최연실(1996). 청소년자녀기 가족의 가족스트레스에 관한 연구. 서울대학교 박사학위논문
  18. 한경혜(1993a). 이혼과 부부문제의 이론적 고찰. 한국가족학연구회 편. 이혼과 가족문제. 서울: 하우. 57-78
  19. 한경혜 (1993b). 한국 이혼부부의 적응과 관련변인에 관한 실증적 연구. 한국가족학연구회 편. 이혼과 가족문제. 서울: 하우. 79-104
  20. 한경혜(1993c). 이혼 여성의 문제와 적응과정에 관한 연구. 여성연구, 11 (4), 127-150
  21. 한경혜, 강유진, 한민아(2003). 이혼태도와 관련 요인. 가족과 문화 15(1), 77-96
  22. 한내창(1998). 사회적 지원이 심리적 복리에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구. 사회복지정책, 7, 169-187
  23. 한상욱(1997). 중요한 타자가 중등학생 의도덕적 자기인식에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구. 서울대학교박사학위 논문
  24. 허정원, 옥선화(1998). 이혼한 편모의 가족 및 사회 관계망 지원과 이혼 후 적응. 생활과학연구, 23, 37-48
  25. Amato, P. R (2000). The consequences of divorce for adult and children. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 62, 1269-1287 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2000.01269.x
  26. Aspinwall, I. G. & Taylor, S. E. (1992). Modeling cognitive adaptation: A longitudinal investigation of the impact of individual differences and coping on college adjustment and performance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 63, 989-1003 https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.63.6.989
  27. Baum, N. (2003). Divorce process variables and the co-parental relationship and parental role fulfillment of divorced parents. Family Process, 42,117-131 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1545-5300.2003.00117.x
  28. Booth, A. & Amato, P. R. (1991). Divorce and psychological stress. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 32, 396-407 https://doi.org/10.2307/2137106
  29. Cohen, O. & Savaya, R. (2003). Adjustment to divorce: A preliminary study among Muslim Arab citizens of Israel. Family Process, 42, 269-290 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1545-5300.2003.42206.x
  30. Cotten, S. R (1999). Marital status and mental health revisited: Examining the importance of risk factors and resources. Family Relations, 48, 225-233 https://doi.org/10.2307/585631
  31. Crane, D. R., Soderquist, J. N., & Gardner, M. D. (1995). Gender differences in cognitive and behavioral steps toward divorce. The American Journal of Family Therapy, 23, 99-105 https://doi.org/10.1080/01926189508251341
  32. DeGarmo, D. S. & Kitson, G. C. (1996). Identity relevance and disruption as predictors of psychological distress for widowed and divorced women. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 58, 983-997 https://doi.org/10.2307/353985
  33. Diedrick, P. (1991). Gender differences in divorce adjustment. Journal of Divorce & Remarriage, 14, 33-45 https://doi.org/10.1300/J087v14n03_03
  34. Fowers, B. J. (1991). His and her marriage: A multivariate study of gender and marital satisfaction. Sex Roles, 24, 209-221 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00288892
  35. Hemstrom, O. (1996). Is marriage dissolution linked to differences in mortality risks for men and women? Journal of Marriage and the Family, 58, 366-378 https://doi.org/10.2307/353502
  36. Holden, K. C. & Smock, P. J. (1991). The economic costs of marital dissolution: Why do women bear a disproportionate cost? Annual Review of Sociology, 17, 51-78 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.so.17.080191.000411
  37. Hu, Y. & Goldman, N. (1990). Mortality differentials by marital status: An international comparison. Demography, 27, 233-245 https://doi.org/10.2307/2061451
  38. Hughes, R, Jr., Good, E. S., & Candell, K. (1993). A longitudinal study of the effects of social support on the psychological adjustment of divorced mothers. Journal of Divorce & Remarriage, 19, 37-56 https://doi.org/10.1300/J087v19n01_03
  39. Kitson, G. C. (1992). Portrait of divorce: Adjustment to marital breakdown. NY: Guilford Press
  40. Kitson, G. C. & Morgan, L. A. (1990). The multiple consequences of divorce: A decade review. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 52, 913-924 https://doi.org/10.2307/353310
  41. Kitson, G. C. & Raschke, H. J. (1981). Divorce research: What we know; what we need to know. Journal of Divorce, 4, 1-37
  42. Lillard, L. A. & Waite, L. J. (1995). Til death do us part: Marital disruption and mortality. The American Journal of Sociology, 100, 1131-1156 https://doi.org/10.1086/230634
  43. Magdol, L. (2002). Is moving gendered? The effects of residential mobility on the psychological wellbeing of men and women. Sex Roles, 47, 553-560 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022025905755
  44. Magura, M. & Shapiro, E. (1988). Alcohol consumption and divorce: Which causes which? Journal of Divorce, 12, 127-136
  45. Masheter, C. (1991). Postdivorce Relationships between Ex-Spouses: The Roles of Attachment and Interpersonal Conflict. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 53, 103-110 https://doi.org/10.2307/353136
  46. McCubbin, H. I. & Patterson J. (1982). Family adaptation to crises. In H. 1. McCubbin, A. E. Cauble, & J. M. Patterson(eds.), Family Stress, Coping and Social Support. (pp. 26-47). Springfield: Charles C. Thomas Publisher
  47. Mcmanus, P. A. & Diprete, T. A. (2001). Losers and winners: The financial consequences of separation and divorce for men. American Sociological Review, 66, 246-268 https://doi.org/10.2307/2657417
  48. Miller, N. B., Smerglia, V. L., Gaudet, D. S., & Kitson, G. C. (1998). Stressful life events, social support, and the distress of widowed and divorced women. Journal of Family Issues, 19, 181-203 https://doi.org/10.1177/019251398019002004
  49. Peterson, R. R. (1996). A re-evaluation of the economic consequences of divorce. American Sociological Review, 61, 528-536 https://doi.org/10.2307/2096363
  50. Ross, C. E. & Wu, C. (1995). The links between education and health. American Sociological Review, 60, 719-745 https://doi.org/10.2307/2096319
  51. Shapiro, A. D. (1996). Explaining psychological distress in a sample of remarried and divorced persons. Journal of Family Issues, 17, 186-203 https://doi.org/10.1177/019251396017002003
  52. Simon, R. W. & Marcussen, K. (1999). Marital transitions, marital beliefs, and mental health. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 40, 111-125 https://doi.org/10.2307/2676367
  53. Smock, P. J. (1993). The Economic costs of marital disruption for young women over the past two decade. Demography, 30, 353-371 https://doi.org/10.2307/2061645
  54. Smock, P. J. (1994). Gender and the short-run economic consequences of marital disruption. Social Forces, 73, 243-262 https://doi.org/10.2307/2579925
  55. Sweeney, M. M. & Horwitz, A. V. (2001). Infidelity, initiation, and the emotional climate of divorce: Are there implications for mental health? Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 42, 295-309 https://doi.org/10.2307/3090216
  56. Thabes, V. (1997). A survey analysis of women's long-term, postdivorce adjustment. Journal of Divorce & Remarriage, 27, 163-175 https://doi.org/10.1300/J087v27n03_11
  57. Thoits, P. A. (1983). Dimensions of life events that influence psychological distress: An evaluation and synthesis of the literature. in Kaplan, H. B.(ed.), Psychosocial stress: Trends in theory and research. (pp. 33-103). NY: Academic
  58. Tschann, J. M., Johnston, J. R., & Wallerstein, J. S. (1989). Resources, stressors, and attachment as predictors of adult adjustment after divorce: A longitudinal study. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 51, 1033-1046 https://doi.org/10.2307/353214
  59. Wang, H. & Amato, P. R. (2000). Predictors of divorce adjustment: Stressors, resources, and definitions. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 62, 655-669 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2000.00655.x
  60. Wheaton, B. (1990). Life transitions, role histories, and mental health. American Sociological Review, 55, 209-223 https://doi.org/10.2307/2095627
  61. Whisman, M. A. & Kwon, P. (1993). We stress and dysphoria: The role of self esteem and hopelessness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65, 1054-1060 https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.65.5.1054
  62. Zick, C. D. & Smith, K. R (1991). Marital transition, poverty, and gender differences in mortality. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 53, 327-336 https://doi.org/10.2307/352902